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INTRODUCTION

Power electronic device which converts dc power into ac power at desired output voltage and
frequency is known as inverter
With the increasing use of renewable energy, particularly grid-tied photovoltaics, the need to
have a good quality single-phase inverter has become important.
The conventional technology of two level inverter operates at high switching frequency, with high
switching losses and rating constraints for high power and voltage applications. It also faces
harmonic distortion, EMI and high stress. High level of total harmonic distortion is another
problem.
Therefore difficulty in filtering out the noise to prevent these harmonics to return back to the
primary side of the transformer, Because of this problem, it is difficult to interface power
electronic switches directly to high and medium voltage grid.
COMPARISON BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND
MULTULEVEL INVERTER
MULTILEVEL INVERTERS
In the concept of Multilevel Inverter topology (MLI), several DC voltage levels are added
together to create a smoother output waveform. The obtained output waveform have lower dv/dt
and harmonic distortions. The circuit design is more complex with the increase in voltage levels.
It needs a complicated switching controller circuit.
Nowadays it is a prime requirement to enhance the performance of the power electronics systems
to improve the quality of the waveforms generated. Multilevel inverters improves the
performance and increase the power ratings. In medium voltage and high power applications
multilevel inverters are the first choice in industry.
Improving the output voltage waveform of the multilevel inverter reduces its respective
harmonic content and so, the size of filter used and the level of electromagnetic interference
(EMI) generated because of switching operation are reduced.
Multilevel inverter not only achieves high power ratings, but also enables the use of low power
application in renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind, and fuel cells which can be
easily interfaced to a multilevel converter system for a high power application.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
H-BRIDGE INVERTER
There are many varieties of inverter designs. The most common topology uses what is
referred to as the H-bridge topology. Its basic configuration is shown in Figure.
Simulation of H-bridge Two-Level Inverter
OUTPUT WAVEFORM
THD CALCULATION ON SIMULINK
MATHEMATICAL PROCEDURE FOR THD CALCULATION
CASCADED H-BRIDGE MULTILEVEL INVERTER
The cascaded H-bridge inverter uses more than one H-bridge cell to
achieve waveform closer to a sinusoidal output. It also requires less
number of components in each level in comparison to other two
topologies of Multilevel Inverter.
The inverter uses series connected H-bridge cells, each providing three
different levels of Dc voltages (zero, positive DC and negative DC
voltages).
The output voltage is the sum of all the generated voltages from each H
Bridge cell. If m cells are present, the numbers of output voltage levels
will be 2m+1.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
Easy packaging and storage
Produce common mode voltage, stress is reduced
Low distortions in the input current
Operates at both fundamental switching frequencies
Total harmonic distortion is very low in the output waveform without any filter circuit.
Disadvantages:
Separate DC sources or capacitor are required for each module
A More complex controller is required due to the amount of capacitors
SIMULATIONS OF FIVE-LEVEL CASCADED
MULTILEVEL INVERTER
SWITCHING STRATEGY
5 LEVEL OUTPUT WAVEFORM
OUTPUT OF EACH H-BRIDGE CELL
THD CALCULATION
CONCLUSION
Till now, in this project, design and simulation of a cascaded multilevel H-bridge
inverter was explored.
To reach the conclusion whether the Multilevel inverter produces less lower harmonics
than a conventional inverters. For that reason, two different inverter circuits were
simulated, a square wave inverter, a five-step inverter.
The simulations showed that cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverters do succeed in
diminishing the lower harmonics of the outputted AC voltage.
Next Target
According to IEEE standards, the THD of a Inverter should be less than 5%. This will be
achieved by adding more levels into the cascaded Inverter without the requirement of heavy
filters.
Therefore our Aim is to develop a 13 Level Cascaded Bridge Inverter and further explore the
Modulation Techniques.
Our main challenge is to generate switching strategy for 13 Level Cascaded Bridge.
Reference
Beser, E.; Camur, S.; Arifoglu, B.; Beser, E.K. , Design and application of a novel structure
and topology for multilevel inverter,.
Anjali Krishna R,; Dr.L Padma Suresh, A brief Review on Multi Level Inverter Topologies.
Robert W. Erickson. Fundamental of Power Electronics .

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