Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
ASMA AKUT
Oleh :
Fathin Rahmani Salman
Pembimbing :
Dr. Adi Rosadi, SpP
1
Internship
RSUD Depati Hamzah
2017
ANATOMI APPENDIKS
Panjang 2-22 cm
(rata-rata 9 cm)
Diameter luar
3-8 mm
Diameter lumen
1-3 mm
3
ANATOMI APPENDIKS
Pendarahan appendiks
berasal dari
a.appendikularis
Saraf simpatik
Mesenterium superior
(T10 L1)
Saraf parasimpatik
Saraf vagus
A mukosa
L P
A P submukosa
P E
I N muskularis eksterna/propria
(otot longitudinal dan sirkuler)
S D
A I
serosa
N K
S
Lokasi ujung
appendiks :
Ileocecal
Retrocecal
Retroileal
Pelvis
10
Parasit Fecalith
Obstruksi
lumen
Benda
Tumor
asing
11
Sumber : Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery Clerkship.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United States of America
ETIOLOGI
12
13
Sumber : Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery Clerkship.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United States of America
MANIFESTASI KLINIS
Symptoms Signs
14
Sumber : Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery Clerkship.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United States of America
BLUMBERGS ROVSINGS
SIGN SIGN
15
ILIOPSOAS
SIGN
Hiperektensi sendi
panggul kanan atau fleksi
aktif sendi panggul
kanan, kemudian paha
kanan ditahan
Bila apendiks yang
meradang menempel di
m. psoas mayor nyeri
16
OBTURATOR
SIGN
17
ALVARADO SCALE
Manifestations Value
Symptoms Migration of pain 1
Anorexia 1
Nausea and/or vomiting 1
Signs Right lower quadrant 2
Tenderness
Rebound 1
Elevated temperature 1
Laboratory values Leukocytosis 2
Left shift in leukocyte 1
count
18
Total points 10
ALVARADO SCALE
>8
pemeriksaan lebih lanjut
Konfirmasi pemeriksaan PA
2-8
Sebaiknya dilakukan pemeriksaan
penunjang foto polos abdomen/CT scan
<2
dapat dipulangkan dengan tetap
dilakukan follow up 19
MANIFESTASI KLINIS
Urinalisis
WBCs atau RBCs mungkin ditemukan jika terdapat
iritasi ureter atau VU karena inflamasi appendiks
Bakteriuria
21
Sumber : Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery Clerkship.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United States of America
PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG
Imaging
Abdominal X-Ray (AXR)
Appendicolith/fecalith
USG
Pembesaran appendiks (> 6 mm)
Menyingkirkan patologi ginekologi 22
Sumber : Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery Clerkship.
McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United States of America
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
23
Antibiotik
Appendectomy
Laparoskopi
Operasi Cyto : untuk appendisitis akut, abses dan
perforasi
Operasi Elektif : untuk appendisitis kronik
24
25
TEKNIK PEMBEDAHAN
26
TEKNIK PEMBEDAHAN
27
TEKNIK PEMBEDAHAN
28
KOMPLIKASI
Perforasi
Abses intraabdominal
Abses panggul
29
REFERENSI
Townsend, Courtney M. 2007. Sabiston Textbook of
Surgery, 18th ed. Saunders, An Imprint of Elsevier.
Debas, Haile T. 2003. Gastrointestinal Surgery :
Pathofisiology and Management. New York :
Springer. Hal : 311-318
Brunicardi, F. Charles. 2010. Schwartzs Principles of
Surgery, ninth edition. The McGraw-Hill Companies,
Inc. United States of America.
Stead, G. Latha. 2003. Firts Aid for the Surgery
Clerkship. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. United
States of America.
Klingensmith, Mary E dkk. 2008. Washington
Manual of Surgery, 5th Edition. Lippincott Williams
& Wilkins. 30