OIL ANALYSIS (FUEL OIL)

ANGGOTA KELOMPOK:
-KEVIN GARSIA 04211440000025
-M. ARIF HIDAYAH 04211440000029
-ALIEF JAISYUL USRAH 04211440000070
- M. ASHIDDIQI 04211440000071
OUTLINE
Definition of oil
Properties of the oil which affect the engine components
Oil Testing Tool
Oil problem which usually happens to the engine
Relation to engine if oil analysis is used
DEFINITION OF OIL
Oil (Fuel Oil) is a fraction obtained from petroleum distillation, either as a distillate or a residue. Broadly
speaking, fuel oil is any liquid fuel that is burned in a furnace or boiler for the generation of heat or
used in an engine for the generation of power, except oils having a flash point of approximately 42 C
(108 F) and oils burned in cotton or wool-wick burners.
Or To be blunt, Oil is every material (either fluids or gas) that able to turn to some energy for move
something e.g. Motorcycle, Diesel Engine, and so on.

Sample of Distillation
Process
TYPES OF OIL WHICH IS MARINE FUEL
Types of Fuel Oil which considered as marine used:
Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO)
Marine Diesel Oil (MDO)
High Speed Diesel (HSD)

Samples of MDO

Samples of HFO
PROPERTIES OF THE OIL WHICH AFFECT THE ENGINE
PERFORMANCE
Properties of the oil which affect the engine components are:
Volatility
Number of deposit
Corosity
Cetane Number
Viscosity
Water Quantity
Pour Point
Flash Point
Ignition Delay
PROPERTIES OF THE OIL WHICH AFFECT THE ENGINE
PERFORMANCE
Volatility
Volatility is considered as a percentage of the oil volume in distillate based from the manufacturers
decision (which may be too much or lessened).
1. Way too volatile: If the temperature near the oil is considered high, then the possibility of the oil evaporates
higher than normal which will affect the engine starting.
2. Not enough volatile: The engine will hard to starting in cold temperature.
Number of Deposit
Deposit is considered as a debris and another solid particles able to harm the components of the
engines. Number of deposit should not too much in order to keep the engine components working
nicely.
PROPERTIES OF THE OIL WHICH AFFECT THE ENGINE
PERFORMANCE
Corosity
The properties of the oil must be non-corrosive.
Cetane Number
Cetane number is a measure of the ignition properties of diesel fuel relative to cetane as a standard. Higher
Cetane number will have shorter ignition delay periods than lower cetane fuels.
Viscosity
Viscosity will affect the thickness of the fluids which affect the friction between particle (e.g.: Fluids with
pipes). Higher viscosity on the fluids will make the fluids thicker than lower viscosity and vice versa.
Water Quantity
Amount of Water preferable in the fuel oil is not more than 2% of the total volume otherwise itll damaging
the components of the engine and must get frequent maintenance.
PROPERTIES OF THE OIL WHICH AFFECT THE ENGINE
COMPONENTS
Pour Point
Pour point of a liquid is the temperature at which it becomes semi solid and loses its flow
characteristics.
Flash Point
Flash point of a volatile material is the lowest temperature at which vapors of the material will ignite,
when given an ignition source. Higher Flash Point will make the oils harder to be burned and vice versa.
Ignition Delay
Ignition Delay in a diesel engine is defined as the time interval between the start of injection and the
start of combustion. Higher delay means longer time wasted to make the ignition and vice versa.
PROPERTIES OF THE OIL WHICH AFFECT THE ENGINE
PERFORMANCE

Sample of Fuel Oil Properties which affect the engine

performance
FUEL MANAGEMENT TOOLKIT

1. Quantity
To calculate the quantity of fuel bunkered, based on the advised delivery data for density and temperature along
with measured volume
2. Quality
This includes comparing marine fuel standard specifications, assessment of fuel quality parameters against
specified limits and to calculate the expected fuel quality specification when different products are blended
3. Operation
To calculate fuel ignition and combustion characteristics (Cetane Index & Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index),
injection temperature and temperature/ density converters.
FUEL MANAGEMENT TOOLKIT

4. Energy
Net and Gross Specific Energy calculators as well as an estimated cost/ 100MJ calculator
5. Emission
Emissions calculator for SOx and CO2
6. Knowledge Base
A fuel property glossary including definitions, effect on different parts of fuel system, indications and
recommended actions for all basic fuel parameter
GIVE TO LABORATORY
FLUID SCAN

The FluidScan Q1000 is a portable infrared spectrometer that is capable of measuring

oil absorbance spectrum in the mid IR range, from 2.5mm to 12mm. This instrument
has a patented flip top cell, which uses three drops of oil and takes only a minute to
test.
Also, no solvents or chemicals are required to clean the cell. The FluidScan is
extensively used in power generation plants, in laboratories as a titration alternative,
in marine vessels, in fleet management for mining trucks and in industrial plants
FERRO CHECK
The FerroCheck 2000 Series of portable ferrous analyzers offer accuracy and convenience for total
ferrous measurement of in-service oil. Fast and easy to use samples are analyzed in less than 30
seconds. Small sample volumes of just 1.5 ml of oil or 0.75 ml are needed to measure ferrous content in
part per million (ppm) by weight. The FerroCheck measures the total ferrous content of both small
particles from normal machine wear and large abnormal wear particles
OIL PROBLEM WHICH USUALLY HAPPENS TO THE
ENGINE

Oil Temperature Mixing With Water Oil Dirty

OIL PROBLEM WHICH USUALLY HAPPENS TO THE
ENGINE

Oil Temperature
The imperfect combustion process will be a problem in the development effort of diesel engines
performance. Non homogen airfuel mixing process is one of the factors which cause the imperfect
combustion. By heating up the diesel solar up to a certain temperature before it goes through the high
pressure injection pump will lower its density and viscosity. Therefore, when injected in the
combustion chamber, it will formed smaller droplets of fuel spray which result in a more
homogenious airfuel mixture. Also by using higher temperature will make the diesel fuel easier to
ignite in order to compensate the limited time which is available in high speed operating conditions.
Mixing With Water
Water and particles are the two contaminants that cause the greatest damage within a diesel engine fuel
system. Not only are they a primary contributor to failure, they are also the two sources for secondary
failure points within an engine and degradation of the fuel. There are two classifications for the types
of failure within a fuel injection system. Partial Functional Failure and Catastrophic Full Functional
Failures. Partial Functional Failure can also be referred to as a performance failure. Catastrophic
Failures are well understood and result in the fuel injector or engine ceasing to function.
Oil Dirty
Frequent diesel fuel filter changes and the expensive and time consuming task of cleaning diesel fuel
tanks have become acceptable periodic maintenance instead of a warning signal for diesel engine
failure. Diesel fuel filter elements should last a thousand hours or more, and injectors some 15,000
hours. However, since diesel fuel is inherently unstable, solids begin to form and the accumulating tank
sludge will eventually clog your diesel fuel filters, ruin your injectors and cause diesel engines to
smoke
RELATION TO ENGINE IF OIL ANALYSIS IS USED
Get better quality fuel oil.
With Oil analysis, we can get information on fuels specification. We can determine if it compatible with our
engine or not, high quality or not.
Engine Work Efficiently
With the right spec and better quality, engine will work efficiently. This will resulting in a reduction in the amount
of fuel used and reducing cost for fuel.
Reducing of probality damaging engine components
Low quality and off spec oil will easily damage engine component, example engine pump, cilynders, wear out
because of abrasive particle on fuel. With better quality fuel angine will have longer lifetime.
Reduce Maintenace Cost
Low rate failure will resulting in less maintenance need to take. Its mean reducing cost used to maintenance and
repairing engine and other system.
 Engine work
efficiently

Reduce damage to
Oil Analysis Better oil Quality
engine components

Reduce Maintence
Cost
REFERENCE
En.Wikipedia.org
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/how-to-do-engine-oil-analysis3.htm
http://www.boatingmag.com/how-to/benefits-oil-analysis
Zuhdi, Aguk MF (2005), Proses Pembuatan dan Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Serta
Teknik Blending Dengan Minyak Solar. Retrieved October 19th 2016 from :
http://www.geocities.ws/fathalaz/biodiesel/cpme-prod/cpome_prod.html
https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=11219
THANK YOU