Beruflich Dokumente
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Dr. SV Bakre
Schedule/Conduct of Practicals
Form 6 group
Group 1: Roll # 1-4
Group 2: Roll # 5-8
Group 3: Roll # 9-12
Group 4: Roll # 13-15
Group 5: Roll # 16-18
Dr. SV Bakre
Schedule/Conduct of Practicals
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Types of Support
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Types of Loads:
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Types of Loads:
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Apparatus
Wooden Beam
Spring
Spring
Balance
Balance
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Theoretical Determination of
Reactions
Fy = 0, RA + RB - W1 - W2 = 0 ------------------ (1)
W1 W2
A B
MA = 0, RB . L W1. a W2 . b = 0 --------------(2)
a
Solving (1) and (2),
b
RA RB
W a W2 b
RB 1 L
L
and RA = W1 + W2 RB
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Procedure
Record the beam length L in centimeters
Place the beam gently on the two dual spring
balances and record the initial readings at
both the balances in kg
Apply the loads W1 and W2 at distance a &
b from end A
Take final readings of spring balances
The difference of initial and final readings
gives the experimental values of reactions RA
and RB; while their theoretical values are
calculated as derived
Repeat the procedure by changing the values
of W1 & W2 and a & b
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Precautions
Before taking the readings
compress the beam and release
it for 1-2 minutes
Apparatus should be well-
lubricated
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 1
Determination of Support Reactions of
a Simply Supported Beam
Observation Table
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Proof
Suppose forces P, Q, R and S act on a
body keeping it in equilibrium. Take a
point O as origin and draw OA parallel
and equal to P to some scale. From A
draw AB parallel and equal to Q to the
same scale. The resultant of these two
forces will be represented by OB
according to law of triangle of forces.
From B draw BC parallel and equal to
R. Then OC will represent the resultant
of OB and R. From C draw CD parallel
and equal to S. Then OD will represent
the resultant of all the forces. If the
body is in equilibrium, this resultant
OD must be zero; i.e. O & D must
coincide or it must be a closed
polygon; as shown by the force or
vector diagram.
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Analytical Solution
H = P + Q cos + R cos + S cos
V = Q sin + R sin + S sin
and resultant of all the forces will be
R H 2 V 2
at an angle,
V
tan 1
H
with the horizontal.
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Apparatus
Pulleys
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Procedure
1. Fix a pulley with its index y
R
mark on zero angle and Q
the other three with the
index marks making any
set of known angles , x P
and with the first one.
2. Adjust the weights in the S
pan / hangers to bring the
y
ring exactly at the center
(Concentric with the
central pivot).
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Precautions
1. The directions , and of the forces as observed are
correct only if the threads connecting the force to the
ring pass through centre of the table. For this the ring
should be exactly concentric with the central pivot.
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 2
Observation Table
Dr. SV Bakre
Drawing Vector Diagram
b Scale:
1cm = 1N
Q
P
c
a
R
P S
S
a d
Closed Polygon,
b Particle is in
d Equillibrium Resultant
c Q
R
Force Diagram Vector Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Lamis theorem
If three Coplanar forces acting on a
particle, keep it in equilibrium, then each
force is proportional to the sine of the angle
between the other two forces.
F3
F1 F2 F3
F1
sin sin sin
F2
Force Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Set-up
Spring Balance
Spring
Balance
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Procedure
1. Measure length of the post (Lv). Note initial readings
of the forces in the jib and the tie without loading.
2. Place a load (W) on the pan and note final readings
of the jib and tie forces.
3. Measure the lengths (Lt) and (Lj).
4. Complete the space and the force diagrams.
5. Measure angles , and from the diagram.
6. Measure ac and bc to get Pt and Pj graphically and
calculate the same by Lamis Theorem.
7. Repeat above procedure with different weights.
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Precautions
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Observation Table
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Analytical Calculations
L2j L2v L2t
Cos 1
2 L j Lv
L2
L2
L2
Cos 1 v t j
2L L
v t
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 3
Graphical Solution
Scale:
1cm = 1/30 Units
b c
Lt
Lv
Lj
a
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Background Information
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Apparatus
A
F
3
F2
B W
D O F
1
C
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 4
Dr. SV Bakre
A
Practical # 4 F
3
F2
B W
D O F
Graphical Solution C
1
LDA F12
LOA W
Direction of F12
D LDO O b
3 A Scale: 4 Scale: 1cm = 10 N
1cm =
1/30
Units F1 b F2
1 2
1 2
a 1 c
2 F12
LBA LCA F2 d F1
B LBC C
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Friction
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Box
Force, P
Inclined Plane
Normal
Frictional
Reaction (N)
Force (F)
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Angle Measurement
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
4. Add some weights to the pan till the box just starts
moving up. Record P (Inclusive of weight of pan )
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 5
P W sin
y x
W cos
F= .N
P N
FW
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Compression
Tension
Truss
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Applications
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Analysis Methods
Analytical:
1) Method of Joints & 2) Method of Sections
Graphical:
Method of Joints
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Given Truss
40 kN
60 kN 20 kN
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Notations
B C
40 kN
3
60 kN 20 kN
2 4
H I
F G J K
1
5
8 7 6
R1 R2
A E D
Determine Unknown Reactions: R1 & R2
Space Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Notations
B C
40 kN
3
60 kN 20 kN
2 4
H I
F G J K
1
5
8 7 6
R1 R2
A E D
Determine Unknown Reactions: R1 & R2
Space Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
60 kN 3
20 kN Scale: 1cm = 10 kN
2 4
H I
a
F G J K
1
5
8 7 6
A
R1
E
R2
D R1
O
Space Diagram
b
e
R2c
d
Funnicular Polygon
Vector Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
B C
40 kN
3
60 kN 20 kN
2 4
H I
F G J K
1
5
8 7 6
70 kN 50 kN
A E D
Space Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
F Scale:
1 1cm = 10 kN
F18
A E
70 kN
e
Space Diagram F18 f
R1
B
40 kN
C
F12
60 kN
3
20 kN a
2 4
H I
F G J K
1
5
8 7 6
R1 R2
A E D
Space Diagram
Dr. SV Bakre
Practical # 6
Dr. SV Bakre