SUPERCHARGING

&
TURBOCHARGING
Prof. K. K. SHARMA
Prof. K. K. Sharma
 INCREASING THE POWER O/P OF
ENGINE
There are a few ways to increase
engine horsepower:
1) Larger engine displacement
But its costly and adds unwanted
weight
2) Nitrous oxide
Short duration of increased power
3) Turbochargers and Superchargers
Light weight, relatively cheap,
continuous supply of power. Prof. K. K. Sharma
NEED OF SUPERCHARGING
The most preferred method of
increasing the power output is by
increasing the mean effective pressure.
This can be achieved by supplying
air fuel mixture at a pressure higher
than the atmospheric pressure.
This will in turn increases the
power output of engine.
Prof. K. K. Sharma
 SUPERCHARGING
The method of supplying the air fuel
mixture at the pressure higher than the
atmospheric pressure is called as
Supercharging.
The device which is used for this
purpose is called as Supercharger.
Supercharging is called as forced
induction.
Prof. K. K. Sharma
 PURPOSE OF SUPERCHARGING
1. To overcome the effect at high
altitudes.
2. To reduce the weight of the engine.
3. To reduce the size of engine.
4. To increase the power output of the
engine.

Prof. K. K. Sharma
 SUPERCHARGERS
Supercharger is device which is used
for supercharging.
It is nothing but the compressor which
is used to supply compressed air to the
engine.
This superchargers are driven by the
engine crankshaft.
By supplying the compressed air
density of air is increased which helps in
better combustion of fuel.
Prof. K. K. Sharma
SUPERCHARGERS

Prof. K. K. Sharma
 TYPES OF SUPERCHARGER
Different types of supercharger
are used in I.C. engines:-

1) Reciprocating Compressor

2) Centrifugal Compressor

3) Root Blower

4) Vane Blower
Prof. K. K. Sharma
 Effect Of Supercharging
1) Higher Power output
2) Better atomization of fuel
3) Quicker acceleration of Vehicle
4) In S.I. engines it tends to increase the
tendency of knocking.
5) But C.I. engines it tends to decrease
the tendency Knocking.

Prof. K. K. Sharma
 TURBOCHARGER
Turbocharger are nothing but
supercharger, only difference is that
the turbocharger are driven by the gas
turbine by using the energy in the
exhaust gases rather than the
crankshaft.
There is no mechanical linkage
between the engine and the
Turbocharger
Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER

Prof. K. K. Sharma
 TURBOCHARGER
The turbocharger housing contains a
turbine and centrifugal air compressor on
the same shaft
The exhaust leaving cylinder spins
turbine
The compressor forces more air into
the cylinder.
Compressor typically increases
pressure by 6-8 psi, but it can be greater
Prof. K. K. Sharma
 TURBOCHARGER
Increased air pressure allows more
fuel to burn
The compressed air is usually cooled
to allow more air in the cylinder and to
prevent knocking
The increase of 6-8 psi increases
horsepower by 30-40%

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER v/s SUPERCHARGER
Both operate on the same principle
Both use forced induction to increase
engine performance
Supercharger use belts and chains that
are directly connected to the engine to drive
the compressor
Which results in the engine needing to
withstand the stresses of generating the
increased power
Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER v/s SUPERCHARGER
Turbochargers do not place a direct
mechanical load on the engine.
Which allows the turbocharger to
produce more power than that of the
supercharger without stronger hardware in
the engine
However, the increased power using a
supercharger is immediate, while a
turbochargers power increase contains a
lag.
Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER v/s SUPERCHARGER
The lag is because the turbine in
the turbocharger needs to increase in
speed using the exhaust.
Lag can be reduced by reducing the
moment of inertia of the turbine.
Turbochargers are one of the best
ways to increase power.

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER v/s SUPERCHARGER
Theyre lighter and cost less than a
larger engine.

Do not place as much stress on the

engine as a supercharger does.

They actually help to increase

efficiency.

Prof. K. K. Sharma
TURBOCHARGER

Prof. K. K. Sharma