Managing

What is communication?
 Communication
is a technique involving the correct
use of language and efficient use of
mechanical devices.
 Communication
it is a two-way channel for
transmitting ideas, plans, commands,
and reports or suggestions along all
appropriate paths within an
organization.
Two-Folds Of Communication

seeks to inform.

to influence or persuade.
 Formal Organizational
Communication
refers to the written form which occurs
through official channels and is
authorized and used by the organization.
 Informal Organizational
Communication
in the form of impromptu discussion of new
work procedures among fellow workers,
relaying information to co-workers, bull
sessions, and grape vine and others.
Five (5) Characteristics Of
The Business Setting That
Strongly Influence The
Communication Process
1. Complex
Business takes place in organization be it
small or big. Any organization requires a
system of communication to accomplish
goals.
2. Competitive
Learn to select appropriate ways of
communication in and outside of the
business organization.
3. Group Oriented
Communication in business takes place
in a group setting. Therefore, when you
communicate, consider your behavior.
4. Task Oriented
The task of business is to sell either their
products or their services.
5. Data Based
Modern business communication today
takes place with the help of machines
and other communication devices.
Communication Process
Ideation
It is the
conception of
an idea or
thought by a
person, group
or an
organization.
Encoding

when an idea or
thought is
translated into
symbols, verbal or
non-verbal, that
are understood by
others.
 Transmission
This takes place when the idea or
thought which has been places into
some transmittable language is passed
through one or more available
channels (five senses) and through
some medium.
Decoding

simply
interpretation
of the message.
Understanding
mean that
the receiver
grasps the
essentials of
the message.
 Acceptance and Action
Acceptance implies a willingness on
the part of the receiver to comply with
message and the action phase entails
implementation of the communiqu or
message.
Noise
interference in
the
communication
process.
Feedback

returned
message from
the receiver
to the sender.
 Scope of Communication
Communication in Managerial
Relations
Communication in Employee Relations
Communication in Public Relation
 Communication in
Managerial Relations

refers to intra-
organization
and inter-
executive
communication
 Communication in Employee
Relations
frequently called industrial relations is
the type of communication that generally
receives great attention and emphasis.
 Communication in Public
Relation
relations includes the whole community
whose boundaries are unlimited.
 Methods of Communication

Verbal Communication
Non-Verbal Communication
Verbal Communication

the use of
words in
speaking.
Non-Verbal Communication

can be shown in
the persons
appearance, body
movement, in
silence time and
sounds.
Appearance
Body Language
Silence, Time, Sounds
ORGANIZATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
 FORMAL SMALL GROUP
NETWORKS

CHAIN WHEEL ALL CHANNELS

 FORMAL SMALL GROUP
NETWORKS

CRITERIA WHEEL CHAIN ALL CHANNEL

Speed Fast Moderate Fast
Accuracy High High Moderate
Emergence of a leader High Moderate None
Member satisfaction Moderate Moderate High
 THE GRAPEVINE

An organizations
informal communication
network.
3 CHARACTERS
1. It is not controlled by the management.
2. It is perceived by most employees as being
more believable and reliable than formal
communiqus issued by top management.
3. It is largely used to serve the self interest of
the people within it.
 ELECTRONIC
COMMUNICATIONS

Email - uses the

Internet to transmit
and receive
computer generated
text and documents.
Its growth has been
spectacular, and its
use is now so
pervasive that its
hard to imagine life
without it.
most significant limitations of
e mail
Misinterpreting the
message .
Communicating
negative messages .
Overuse of e mail .
E mail emotions .
Privacy concerns .
 Instant Messaging and Text
Messaging
IM is usually sent via
desktop or laptop
computer, whereas TM is
transmitted via cell
phones or handheld
devices.
IM and TM represent fast
and inexpensive means
for managers to stay in
touch with employees and
for employees to stay in
touch with each other.
 Networking Software
Nowhere has
communication been
transformed more than
in the area of
networking. You are
doubtless familiar with
the perhaps a user of
social networking Web
sites such as Facebook
and MySpace.
 Web Logs (Blogs)

A Web sites where

entries are written,
generally displayed
in reverse
chronological
order, about news,
events, and
personal diary
entries.
 Video Conferencing

Permits employees in
an organization to
have meeting with
people at different
location. Live audio
and video images of
members allow them
to see, hear, and talk
with each other.
 Knowledge Management

The process of
organizing and
distributing an
organizations
collective wisdom so
the right information
gets to the right people
at the right time.
 CHOICE OF
COMMUNICATION
Formal
CHANNEL
Reports, Pre recorded Online Video
Discussion Live Speeches
Bulletins Speeches Conference
groups,
groupware

Low Channel
Richness
High Channel
Richness

Memos, Electronic Telephone Face to -

Voice Mail
Letters Mail Conversation Face
Conversation
 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Filtering - Refers to a
senders purposely
manipulating
information so it will be
seen favourably by the
receiver.
Selective Perception -
The receivers in the
communication process
selectively see and hear
based on their needs,
motivations, experience,
background, and other
personal characteristics.
 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Information Overload
- A condition which
information inflow
exceeds an
individuals
processing capacity.
Emotions - How the
receiver feels at the
time of receipt of a
communication
influences how he or
she interprets it.
 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Language - Even when
were communicating in
the same language,
words mean different
things to different
people.
Communication
Apprehension - People
who suffer from it
experience undue
tension and anxiety in
oral communication,
written communication
or both.
 BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
Gender differences - are
sometimes a barrier to
effective communication.
Men tend to use talk to
emphasize status, whereas
women tend to use it to
create connections.
Political Correct
Communication - there are
also situations in which
our desire to avoid offense
blocks communication (by
keeping us from saying
whats really on our mind)
or alters our
communication in such a
way as to make it unclear.
 GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS
Cultural Barriers
Barriers caused by
word connotations.
Barriers cause by
differences among
perceptions.
Barrier caused by
semantics.
Barriers caused by
tone differences
 GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS
Cultural Context
Low context cultures -
They rely heavily on
non verbal and subtle
situational cues in
communicating with
others.
High context cultures
- They rely essentially
on words to convey
meaning.
 GLOBAL IMPLICATIONS
A Cultural Guide
Assume differences until similarity
is proven.
Emphasize description rather than
interpretation or evaluation.
Practice empathy
Treat your interpretations as a
working hypothesis.