Electrical Power System

Three Phase System

Wan Khairunizam

Advanced Intelligent Computing and Sustainability

Research Group 1
Three Phase Electrical Power
Most electrical power generated is
three-phase

Why???

Three-phase power was the most

efficient way that electricity could be
produced, transmitted and consumed.

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 Single-phase power

Three-phase power

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What is the difference?

Discuss your answers.

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 The horsepower rating and the Kilo-Volt-Amp
(KVA) rating of three-phase transformers is about
150% greater than for single-phase transformer with
a similar frame size
Power delivered by a single-phase system falls to
zero three times during each cycle.
The power delivered by a three-phase circuit never
falls to zero.
In a three-phase system, the power delivered to
the load is the same at any instant.

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Producing a single-phase and three-phase
alternating voltage

Coil

Magnet

Rotating a magnetic through a conductor

Producing a single-phase voltage

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Research Group 6
Three separated coils are placed 120o apart.
Three voltages 120o out of phase with each other will be
produced.
Producing a three-phase voltage

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Research Group 7
Type of three-phase connections

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Research Group 8
 1. Three-phase Wye Connection

2. Three-phase Delta Connection

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Research Group 9
 Wye Connection

The voltage measured between lines

The voltage measured across a
single winding

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Research Group 10
 Line current and phase current are the same in a Wye
connection
The line voltage is higher than the phase voltage by a factor
of the square root of 3 or 1.732.

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Research Group 11
 Delta Connection

Line voltage and phase voltage are the same in a Delta

connection
The line current is higher than the phase current by a factor
of the square root of 3 or 1.732.

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Research Group 12
 Three-phase Power

If line values of voltage and current are

known

If phase values of voltage and current

are known

= Power at the resistive load

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Research Group 13
 Practice_1

A Wye-connected three-phase alternator supplies power

to a Delta connective resistive load. The alternator has a
line voltage of 480 V. Each resistor of the Delta load has
8 of resistance.

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Research Group 14
 EL(Load)= Line voltage of the load
EP(Load)= Phase voltage of the load
Find, IP(Load)= Phase current of the load
IL(Load)= Line current to the load
IL(Alternator)= Line current delivered by the alternator
IP(Alternator)= Phase current of the alternator
EP(Alternator)= Phase voltage of the alternator
P = True power delivered to the resistive load

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Research Group 15
Solution,

The load is connected directly to the alternator.

The line voltage supplied by the alternator is the
line voltage of the load.
EL(Load)= 480 V

Three resistors are connected in a Delta

connection. In the Delta connection the phase
voltage is the same as the line voltage.
Ep(Load)= EL(Load)
=480 V

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Research Group 16
Ip(Load)= EP(Load)/Z EP(Alternator)= EL(Alternator)/1.732
=480 /8 A =480/1.732 V
=60 A =277.1V

IL(Load)= Ip(Load) X 1.732

=60 X 1.732 A The loads in the circuit are
=103.9 A pure resistive. The voltage
and current are in phase with
IL(Alternator)= Ip(Load) each other. Thus produces
=103.9 A the unity power factor of 1
P=1.732 x EL(Alternator) X
IP(Alternator)= IL(Alternator) IL(Alternator) X Power Factor (PF)
=103.9 A =1.732 X 480 X 103.9 X 1
=86,394.9 W
=86 kW.
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Research Group 17