Drinking water treatment

plant
Water treatment and water treatment plants
Are a set of physical, chemical or biological unitary systems and
operations whose purpose is that through the equipment eliminates
or reduces the contamination or the undesirable characteristics of the
waters, whether natural, supply, process or residual.
Different technologies for water purification, but all must comply
with the same principles:
1. Combination of multiple barriers
2. Integrated treatment to produce the expected effect.
3. Treatment by objective
SCHEME FOR THE OPERATION OF A DRINKING
WATER TREATMENT PLANT - PTAP
CATCHMENT OF THE RIVER: point of catchment of the waters; GRID.
It prevents the penetration of large elements (branches, logs, fish,
etc.).
DESIGNER: Sedimentary sand that is suspended to avoid
damaging the pumps.
LOW PUMP (Pumps also called low pressure): Take the water directly
from a river, lake or reservoir, sending the raw water to the mixing
chamber.
MIXING CHAMBER: Where chemicals are added to water. The
main ones are coagulants (alumina sulphate), alkalinizers
(lime).
 DECANTER: The water arrives quickly to a very wide pool
where it is rested, allowing the impurities to deposit in the
bottom.
FILTER: The decanted water reaches a filter where it passes through
successive layers of sand of different thickness. Practically drinkable.
DISINFECTION: To ensure even more potability of water, chlorine is
added to eliminate excess bacteria and what is very important, its
development on the way to homes.
HIGH PUMP: Take the water from the city reservoir.
FINAL CONTROL: Before reaching consumption, water is severely
controlled by expert chemists, who analyze samples taken in different
parts of the system.
:

Conventional Treatment Plants (Water Treatment

Plants).
It is an integrated treatment system that includes all processes
for obtaining potable water, such as coagulation, rapid mixing,
flocculation, sedimentation, clarification, filtration and disinfection

Each plant should be designed according to the water analysis and

traceability and should be done with a modular system that
incorporates the stages of the treatment. These must have a steel or
fiberglass tank and contain filter beds for gravel, sand, anthracite,
activated carbon and / or specialized resins
1. The stages of the water purification process are:
Pre-treatment: Natural or forced aeration tower, pre-oxidation
and / or de-alkalization.
Coagulation.
Quick mix.
Clarification by adsorption-upward neutralization in granular
porous beds.
Descending filtration in deep beds.
Disinfection with chlorine,UV or ozone.