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ORBITAL ANATOMY

JI Georgemar V. Arana Jr.


ORBIT/ORBITAL CAVITY
Dimensions
Topographic Relationships
Apertures
Soft Tissues
Periorbital Structures
DIMENSIONS AND TOPOGRAPHIC
RELATIONSHIPS
Dimensions
25 mm
Adult Orbital Dimensions
Volume 30 cc
Entrance Height 35 mm
Entrance Width 40 mm
Medial wall length 45 mm
Distance from posterior globe to optic 18 mm
foramen
Length of orbital segment of optic nerve 25-30 mm
7 BONES:
1. Frontal
2. Lacrimal
3. Ethmoid
4. Maxillary
5. Sphenoid
6. Palatine
7. Zygomatic
Right orbit
ORBITAL WALLS
I. Roof
II. Lateral
III. Medial
IV. Floor
I. Roof
II. Lateral Wall
II. Lateral Wall
Right orbit
III. Medial Wall
III. Medial Wall
III. Medial Wall LEFT ORBIT
IV. Floor
IV. Floor
APERTURES
SOFT TISSUES
PERIORBITA
Periosteal
covering
Arcus
marginalis
line of fusion
of peristeum
& orbital
septum
Intraorbital
Optic Nerve
30mm long
4mm in dm
S-shaped
curve
Extraocular
Muscles
4 rectus muscles
2 oblique muscles
1 levator palpebrae not attached to the globe
4 rectus muscles
Origin: Annulus of Zinn
Becomes tendinous 4-7mm from insertion
before they attach to thhe globe
Spiral of tillaux
Superior Oblique
Origin: orbital apex, superior to Annulus of Zinn
Trochlealaterally below SR
Trochlea- functional origin
Inferior Oblique
Origin: front of the eye
Insertion: behind the equator just lateral to
the fovea
Nerve Supply
CNIII
Superior division= SR and levator palpebrae
Inferir divisin= MR, IR, IO
CN IV
SO
CN VI
Abducens
Blood supply
Ophthalmic artery
Medial muscular branch = MR, IR, IO
Lateral muscular branch=LR, SR, SO, LPS
Lacrimal artery= LR
Infraorbital artery= IR & IO
2 anterior ciliary arteries supply each rectus
muscle except LR w/c has only 1
Venous Drainage
Superior and Inferior Orbital Vein
Annulus of Zinn
Fibrous ring formed by the common origin of
the 4 rectus muscles
FASCIA
1. Tenons capsule
Fascia bulbi
Fibrelastic tissue condensation around the eyeball
Anteriorly: fused with the sclera
Psterirly: blends with the coverings of the optic
nerve
Separated from the sclera by the episcleral space
2. Fascial sheaths of the muscles
Cover the EOMS
Intermuscular membrae- continuous around the
globe
3. Check ligaments
Web-like expansion and thickenings of the
sheaths of muscles, connecting the muscle to the
Tenons capsule
4. CT reticulum
Fine CT meshwork around the optic nerve, within
which the fine granules of fat are present
Herniation of fat in deficiencies of orbital septum
5. Periorbita
Arcus marginalis
Lacrimal fascia
Annulus f zinn
Orbital Septum
Extension of the periosteum to the orbit
Delimits palpebral portion from the orbital
portion
Prohibits the penetration of infection from the
lid.
Eyelids
Cover of the front f the eye
LAYERS:
Skin
Muscle fibers
Tarsus
Conjunctiva
Vasculature of the Orbit
ICA Ophthalmic artery
ECA IMA + Facial artery
MAJOR branches f the phthalmic artery
Branches to EOM
Central retinal artery ( optic nerve and retina)
Posterior ciliary arteries
Long= supply anterior choroid via recurrent branch
Short = supply the suprachoroidal space
Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal Arteries
Venous Drainage
Drain in 4 to 6 vortex vns
Superotemporal and superonasal vortex
Superior ophthalmic vn
Inferotemporal and inferonasal vortex
Inferior Ophthalmic vn
Exit via CAVERNOUS SINUSES
Venous drainage
Nerves
Ophthalmic division of CN V
3 main branches
Frontal
Lacrimal
Nasociliary
Parasympathetic innervation: accomodation,
pupillary constriction, and lacrimal gland
stimulation
Sympathetic innervation: pupillary dilation,
vasoconstriction, smooth muscle function of
eyelids and orbit, and hidrosis.

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