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INTRODUCTION TO POWER
PLANTS AND BOILERS
INTRODUCTION
Power plants is an assembly of equipments that
generates and delivers electrical energy by using the
available energy.
Electricity in bulk quantities is produced in power
plants, which can be of the following types:
a) Thermal
b) Nuclear
c) Hydraulic
d) Gas Turbine and
e) Geothermal,
f) Diesel, etc
STEAM POWER PLANT
Thermal power plant mainly consists of
following four main circuits
1. Coal and ash circuits
2. Air and flue gas circuits
3. Feed water and steam flow circuit
4. Cooling water circuit
LAYOUT OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
Largest thermal power plant in India
Mundra Thermal Power Station located in the
Kutch district of Gujarat, produce 4,620MW.
THERMAL POWER PLANTS IN
TAMILNADU
Neyveli Thermal Power Station 1,970MW
Tuticorin Thermal Power Station 1050MW
Neyveli Thermal Power Station 1020MW
North Chennai Thermal Power Station, Athipattu
630MW
Mettur Thermal Power Station, Salem 840MW
Ennore Thermal Power Station, Ennore 450MW
Neyveli Zero Lignite Power Station, Cuddalore
250MW
HYDRO ELECRTIC POWER PLANT
COMPONENTS :
Water Receiver Water Turbine
Dam Draft Tube
Spillway Tail Race
Pressure Tunnel
Penstock
Forebay
Surge Tank
LAYOUT OF HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER
PLANT
METTUR DAM
DIESEL POWER PLANT
COMPONENTS:
Diesel Engine
Air Filter And Super Charger
Engine Starting System
Fuel System
Lubricating System
Cooling System
Governing System
Exhaust System
LAYOUT OF DIESEL POWER PLANT
MAGNETO HYDRO DYNAMIC (MHD)
POWER GENERATION
Magneto Hydro Dynamic (MHD) system is a non-
conventional source of energy which is based upon
Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction, which
states that energy is generated due to the movement of
an electric conductor inside a magnetic field.
Principle Of MHD Power Generation
Faradays law of electromagnetic induction : When an
electric conductor moves across a magnetic field, an emf is
induced in it, which produces an electric current .
Types of
MHD SYSTEM
(1)Open cycle System
(2)Closed cycle System
(i)Seeded inert gas systems
(ii) Liquid metal systems
OPEN CYCLE MHD SYSTEM
CLOSED CYCLE MHD SYSTEM
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN OPEN CYCLE
AND CLOSED CYCLE SYSTEM
Specific considerations
1. ash disposal facilities
2. storage of water
3. fuel transportation
4. waste disposal and safeguard for nuclear plants.
Load curves
Load curve is the graphical representation
showing the load demand for every instant during
particular time interval
Load duration curves
Load duration curve is represent the re-
arrangement of all load elements of load curve
in order of decreasing magnitude
STEAM BOILERS
A boiler is a closed vessel in which steam is
generated from the water by applying heat.
Classifications
Fire tube boiler
Hot gas passes through the tubes
Water circulates around the tubes
Cochran boiler, locomotive boiler.
Water tube boiler
Water circulates through the tubes
Hot gas pass around the tubes
Babcock and Wilcox boiler
High pressure boilers
Generate steam 30 to 1600 tonnes per hour
Pressure up to 210 bar
Temperature 6500c
1. La-mont boiler
2. loeffer boiler
3. benson boiler
4. velox boiler
LA-MONT BOILER
Components
Steam separator drum
Water circulating pump
Distributing header
Evaporator
Convention super heater
Economizer
Air preheater
LA-MONT BOILER
LOEFFLER BOILER
components
Economizer
Evaporator drum
Mixing nozzles
Steam separator pump
Radiant super heater
Convection super heator
LOEFFLER BOILER
BENSON BOILER
Components
Economizer
Radiant Evaporator
Convention evaporator
Convention super heater
BENSON BOILER
VELOX BOILER
Components
Economizer
Axial flow compressor
Water circulating pump
Convection super heater
VELOX BOILER
FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS
Circulating fluidized bed boiler
Pressurized Fluidized Bed Boiler
Thank you