CULVERT

HYDRAULIC & HYDROLOGY

KAD 2253
INTRODUCTION

A culvert is a relatively short length of conduit used to transport stormwater

through an embankment.
Acts as an enclosed channel that serves as a continuation for an open
channel through the embankment.
Flow through culverts depends on entrance geometry and flow depth at the
downstream end.
Culverts are typically designed to pass the design discharge without
overtopping the embankment or causing extensive ponding at the upstream
end.
COMPONENT

Barrel
Headwalls / top plate
Wingwalls
Outlet Protection
Inlet Improvements
Bottom Plate
TYPE OF ENTRANCE

Projecting Barrel
 Cast in-place concrete
Headwall & Wingwalls
 Precast End Section
 End Mitered to The Slope
TYPICAL SHAPES AND USES
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT
INLET CONTROL DISCHARGE

Shallow, high velocity flow End area

Water can flow through and out faster Inlet Geometry
than it can enter Headwater elevation
Discharge not influenced by roughness
and length
TYPE OF INLET CONTROL
 FACTORS THAT AFFECT
OUTLET CONTROL DISCHARGE

Deep, low velocity flow Tailwater elevation

Water can flow into the culvert faster Inlet Geometry
than it flow through and out Slope
Discharge influenced by energy loss Roughness
Length
TYPE OF OUTLET CONTROL