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Introduction

When the Americans arrived in


the late 19th century and ruled
over the Philippines for more than
3 decades, they brought with
them a dance culture added to
Philippine dance traditions. It was
during this time that ballet was
introduced to the Philippines.
BALLET
A formal form of dance which
came not from United States
but from Russia and France.
Russia and France pioneered
ballet dance as public
entertainment, and it spread
throughout Europe
Ballets art expressions rely on its precise and
highly formalized set of steps and gestures.
With light, graceful and fluid movements, ballet
dancers perform en pointe on the dancing
area.
The en pointe dancing style became popular
during the early 19th century, and it was
reserve only for women during that time.
Women dancers wore an all-white dress and
white, black, or pink pointed shoes/ they also
wore leotard, tights, and a bell-like wrap skirt.
The classical style of ballet, however, leaves
little room for creative expression because of
its rigid and premeditated style of movements.
All-white Dress En Pointe
Modern Dance
A free, expressive style of dancing started
in the early 20th century as a reaction to
classical ballet. In recent years it has
included elements not usually associated
with dance, such as speech and film.
Compared to ballet, modern dance is more
free and relaxed as it focuses more on the
dancers interpretation of music rather than
one structured steps as in ballet.
Modern dance can be divided into 3 periods

1.Beginning of 1900s
The proponents of modern dance in the
1900s include the American dancers Isadora
Duncan and Ruth St. Denis and German
dancer Mary Wigman. They were influenced
by the revolutionary thinking of the 19th
century French Philosopher of movement
Franois Delsarte, who developed a system
of natural expressive gestures. This system
encountered popular artificial mannerisms
usually seen in theater.
A system called eurhythmics, which was developed
by Swiss music educator mile Jaques-Dalcroze,
also influence the early modern dancers.
Eurhythmics a system for teaching musical
rhythm through body movement.
Duncan sought inspiration from Greek sculpture for
her movement.
St. Denis looked to the ethnic dance styles of Egypt,
India, and Asia as her influence.
And Wigman turned to Africa and Easter Asia for her
choreography.
2. Start of 1930s
Modern dance further developed with the
second wave of modern dancers.
Americans Doris Humphrey, Charles Weidman, and
Martha Graham all danced with Denishawn, a dance
company founded by St. Denis in 1915 and Hanya
Holm, a German-born American dancer who came
from Wigmans dance company.
They transformed natural human actions into dance
movements.
Humphreys technique came from the natural
dynamic of human football.
Weidmans dance style was humorous and
expressive of social commentary.
Humphrey and Weidman form a dance company.
Grahams dance technique was influenced by
natural human breathing.
Holms style was similar to Weidmans.
Dance Elements in Modern
Dance
According to Minneapolis Public Schools,
there are five elements of dance, and these
are the basis in understanding dance as an
art. These 5 elements are namely:
Body
Action
Space
Time
Energy
Body
If dance is an art form, then the body is the
instrument used by the artist.
In the modern dance, the dancer usually
starts his or her movement from the middle
of the body(using the abdomen muscles to
bend or make a round shape at the center
of the torso while sitting).
Moreover, a dancer deliberately changes
his or her bodys shape or size and
extends his or her limbs depending on the
mood and emotion he or she wants to
express.
Action
Actions are the movements that the
body performs.
It is the modern dancers actions that
make the modern dance distinct from
ballet.
Space
Space is the area where the dancer
performs.
It describes how he or she maximizes
the use of space. It also offers variation
to the movement of dancer.
Modern dancers usually assume a
multidimensional orientation, thus
making use of all dimensions of space.
Time
Time is when movements are done in a
performance.
It is important to observe proper timing
in every movement, which is commonly
in accordance to the rhythm. Of the
music or is synchronized with the
actions of the other dancers.
In modern dance, there is a parallelism
between the rhythm of the music and
the momentum and impulses.
Energy
The force of the action that brings
character to the movement.
In modern dance, energy can be shown
in the variation of movements.
There is also the concept of
countertension, which refers to giving
equal energy to two opposing body
parts.
Basic Modern Dance Steps
Modern dance is a emotion-driven
genre; thus, the steps in the modern
dance vary from one dancer to another.
Modern dancers are advised to be
observant and creative because what
they can see in may other dances or in
the natural movements in their
surrounding can be adapted in modern
dance
Starting in jazz first
position (feet parallel
facing front), with your
arms at your side and your
gaze focused downward.
Slowly curl your spine
over. Be careful not to
collapse. Before you go
down the floor as you curl,
bend your knees. As you
reach your lowest, stop,
and the go back upward
Curl Down and Up slowly until you are back to
your first position.
After doing the Curl
Down and Up, do the
second position of
Jazz. Slowly slide your
right leg forward en
pointe until you go
back to first position.
Then brush the same
toe backward while
slightly bending the
knee of your left leg.

Leg Swings
Position with your feet
parallel and hip
distance apart. Bend
over and keep your
spine as straight as
possible, then raise
your arms with your
palms facing each
other. In a single fluid
movement, raise back
up with your arms.

Flat Back
Stand with your feet
parallel to each other.
Then have one foot
point forward then
back to parallel
position. Do this
again, with your foot
moving to the side
then back to parallel
position. On the third
time, move your foot
backward, then back
to parallel position.
Tendu
Emergence of Contemporary
Dance
Integrated the techniques and styles from
social dance, ballet, and modern dance.
The revolutionary thinking change the style
of modern dance as they tackled unique
expressions such as the relationship of
present time to abstract space, humorous
juxtapositions of movements, and parodies
of dance styles of different performers.
Some of them even jumped into the
extreme limit of what was acceptable
dance style.
Among the contemporary dancers that time was
Americans Merce Cunningham, James Waring,
Twyla Tharp, Alwin Nikolais, Paul Taylor, and Alvin
Ailey.
By the mid-1980s, modern dancers were no longer
interested with traditional techniques as they relied
more on theatrical elements and use of literary and
pictorial devices on their dance style.
There was also the Buto of the Japanese dancers
group Sankai Juku.
Buto is a form of dance theater that avoids
structured choreography. It strives to express
primitive emotions by making minimal use of
costumes and actual movement.
Steps in Contemporary Dance
Contemporary dance, just like modern
dance, is emotionally driven. Thus, it is
typical for contemporary dancers to
experiment in their dance steps based on
hoe they feel and according to the
message that they want to convey.
However, it is characterized by flowing
movements mixed with quick and
exaggerated steps.
The choreography is also normally edgy in
its story telling.
ONWARD MYCROFT DIOGENES CAFE
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