Power Plant Engineering and Energy

Conversion

DATE: 11/10/2016

INTRODUCTION

Dr. Manikumar Rajendran

Assistant Professor/ CEME
 Outline

Introduction

Energy

Power

Energy Conservation

Resources for Power Plant

Vapor power Cycles

Gas Power Cycles

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 Introduction

Energy - Basic need for human being.

Comfort and standard of life is measured in

terms of power consumed per capita during the
year.

70% of the power is produced from fossil fuels

like coal, oil and gas. But all the non renewable
sources will vanish by the end of 2050.

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 Human Needs
Water (Important Resource for everything)

Food (Important Basic Requirement for living)

Electricity (Imp. for Modern Society and Dev.)

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Water

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 A simple calculation of wasting one
Basic resource
From One pipe;
1 litre for 15 minutes (minimum)

4 litres for 1 hour (not considerable)

96 litres for 24 hrs (Little Consideration)

If it is from four pipes : 400 litres (app.) / day Minimum.

Campus holidays : 400 * 5 = 2000 litres

(Ester) (serious Consideration) 6
Electricity (Power)

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 Another Simple Calculation for Wasting Second Resource
For One Tube Light
40Watts @ 1 hr.
Power - 40 W-hr. (Not serious)

40 Watts @ 24 hrs.
Power 0.960kWhr (Little consideration)

For 3 Tube lights @ 24 hrs.

Power 3 kW-hr (app.)

Campus Holidays : 5 * 3 = 15kW-hr

(Serious Consideration) 8
Living Food

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 Objective
A way to eradicate Poverty.

To exploit the available abundant renewable

energy and conservation of existing energy
for the survival of human society.

To make Ethiopia (also India), a self sustain

in Food and energy to everybody.

A way to get balance between rich and poor

by using natural resources.
 Ethiopia
Ethiopia is endowed with abundant renewable
energy (RE) sources. However, the countrys
overall energy profile is characterized by heavy
dependence on just two source of energy:
Hydro (Electricity) and
biomass and Kerosene (Cooking).

Alternatively: Other conventional and

Renewable Energy can be used still more
effectively 11
Courtesy: MOWE 12
 224MJ/m2,
The monthly average total global radiation in Ethiopia is about
which shows that Ethiopia has a significant solar potential.
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 Forms of Energy and Energy
Conservation
Mechanical Energy
Chemical Energy
Nuclear Energy
Thermal Energy
Electrical Energy
Light Energy
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 Forms of Energy
Primary Sources End Uses
Coal Heat
Oil Light
Natural Gas Motion
Uranium Electricity
Sun radiant/solar Chemical Processes

Energy Conversion
Conversion To Chem. To Electric To heat To light To Mechanical
from
Electrical Electrolysis Transistor Heat lamp Flu. Lamp Electric Motor
Transformer Spark Plug LED Relay
Heat Gasification Thermocouple Heat Pump Fire Turbine
Vaporization Heat Exch. Gas Engine
Steam Engine

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Energy and Work

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 Energy Capacity to do work

Unit - ?

Work - ? (Cart)
A man pushes a box across the floor by
exerting a force of 150 N on it in the direction
of motion. If the box is moved 3m, how much
work did he do?.

Work is one way of transferring energy to an object

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 Energy Conservation
Technical Fix :

Ex.: Bulbs

Law of Conservation of Energy = Energy Conservation ?

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Forms of Energy

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 Heat (=Temperature?)

Work

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 Laws of TD
First law of TD

Second law of TD

Third law of TD

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 Power Plant Classifications

Conventional Non-Conventional
Steam Eng. Thermo-Electric
Steam Turbine Thermo-ionic
Diesel FC, PVC, MHD, Wind
Gas Turbine BG and BM
Nuclear Geothermal,
Hydro, Tidal, OTEC
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 Power Plant Cycles
Vapour Power Cycles

Gas Power Cycles

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Steam Formation

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Rankine Cycles

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Thank you

E-mail ID :
mani2k72006@yahoo.co.in
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