Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PATHOLOGY
Dr Udai Bhan Yadav
MBBS,DMCH
SMO & Medical Jurist
General hospital Alwar Rajasthan.
WEIGHT OF HUMAN ORGANS
Liver 1517x15x13cm
Kidney 10.5x5.5x3.5cm
4
CAPACITES
Stomach 1500ml
Urinary bladder 225ml
5
CIRCOMFERENCE
6
NEW BORN FULL TERM MEASUREMENTS
Length 4550cm
Weight of body 33.5kg
10
POST MORTEM FINDINS IN TYPICAL
HANGING FOR EXAMPLE
Brain intact healthy but congested,edematous with multiple petecheal haemorrhagic spots in
brain substances.
Larynx trachea intact healthy but containing fine whitish leathery froth
Lungs voluminnous ,congested,edematous with fine whitish lathery froth on cut section.
or Lungs are water logged bulge out pit on pressure,moderately congested and feel doughy.
Mouth pharynx oesophagus intact ,healthy congested.
Liver,spleen kidneys congested
OPINION POST MORTEM APPEARANCE ARE CONSISTENT WITH DEATH DUE TO
DRAWING.
Case of death asphaxia,ventriculr fibrillation,laryngeal spasm ,vagal inhibition,injuries etc
17
PM FINDINGS IN POISONINGS FOR
EXAMPLE
Cold, stiff, pm lividity on back and fixed ,face bluish,pinkish
frothy fluid flowing out of nose.
Brain congested edematous,multiple petecheal hemorrhagic
spots in brain substance.
Larynx trachea intact healthy congested.
20
PM FINDINGS INSUFFOCATION FOR
EXAMPLE
Ext closure of mouth and nostrils.pressure on chest.
Int clsure of glottis or luman of air tube.,decrease O2 in
atmosphere.,inhalation of irritant gases.
22
TIME SINCE DEATH
These are avarage time.in cold wheather they may be
doubled or trebled.in hills they are quite inapplicable.
Less than 1 hour-body is warm
24
STANDARD OPINIONS IN DEATH BY
SNAKE BITE (PM)
SNAKE BITE-cobra &similar snake which have
neurotic venum. on perusal of the pm report
case sheet and circumstantial evidence I am of
RT shoulder ap view.
29
Dr Udai Bhan Yadav SMO & Medical
Jurist GH Alwar Rajasthan
30
VARIOUS CHANGES IN FOETUS
FEATURES HELPING IN ESTIMATING
FOETAL AGE
Length measure crown heal (vertex to heal) length
by flexible tape.
Weight
MI.
In presense of ..
34
RAPE CASE SAMPLES TAKEN AND SEALED
38
CAUSE OF DEATH IN BURN
Shock within 2 days
Toxaemia -2 to 4 days
39
LUNG TUBERCULOSES
Congested,edematous multiplegray white
nodules ranging from pin point size up to 1 cm
were diffusely distributed through out the lung
40
AGE OF ABRASION
Bright red-Fresh
Red scab-12-24 hr
41
AGE OF CONTUSION
Red-Fresh
Blue-After few hours to three days
Green 5-7days
Normal 2 weeks
42
DETEMINATION OF AGE OF INJURY
Scab over abrasion and superficial cut-12-24hr
In case of bruse change of color commence from
44
CHARACTERS OF INCISED AND LACERATED
WOUNDS
45
PM FINDING IN ELECTRIC
BURN(ELECTROCUTION) FOR
EXAMPLE
Mouth,pharynx,oesophagus,stomach
mucosa.liver,spleen,kidneys all are congested.
OPINION Post mortem findings are consistent
47
Dr Udai Bhan Yadav SMO & Medical
Jurist GH Alwar Rajasthan
48
AGE INCISED AND STAB WOUND
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
---4hr none
4---12hr occasional dark mottling.
12---24hr dark mottling.
56
SODOMY FINDINGS IN HABITUAL PASSIVE
AGENT.
3 Presence of lubricant/seman/venerial 57
discharges.
SODOMY FORCIBLY VICTIMISED (NON
HABITUAL)PASSIVE AGENT.
Nipple large
61
RAPE EXAMINATION
Injuries, number,appearanc.extent,probable duration
Around mouth cheeks scratches ,abrasion,slight bruses
Front of neck
66
PM CHANGES IN EPILEPSY.
H/O Attack and death.
May die of asphaxia in an epileptic attack.
Look for following
1-Bitten tongue.
2Hypertrophied gums if pt is on phenantoin sodium.
3Look for forign body in brain depressed fracture
,scarring of brain which are caused by secondary
epilepsy.
4Relavent hospital record.
5Doctor can send organs and blood.for analyses of
antiepileptic drugs which the pt was taking.this can
be taken as laboratory evidence rule out fowel play
and other cause of death. 67
PM OF BRONCHEAL ASTHMA
Autopsy finding are minimal.
Hypertrophic emphysema of lungs
68
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Hospital record.and laboratory investigation such
as ecg,enzyme studies(sgot,sgpt,cpk etc)
No sweat glands.
No elastic tissues.
71
AGE OF SCAR
Firm union occurs in 5 to7 days . producing a
reddish or bluish,e.g.angry scar.
75
RTA PM SKULL
76
CORROSIVE POISONING
Corrosion especially lips,mouth,chin,angle of
mouth hands etc, also clothing.
79
NITRIC ACID
Finding of sulfuric acid but tissue stain yellows.
Perforation of stomach is not common
80
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
Finding similar to sulfuric acid
Corrhosion is less severe
81
DEATH BY COLD
1 skin- pale with dark red patches on more
exposed parts post mortem staining is red in
colour.
83