Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Ranging
30
Weighted RMS Residual (cm)
25
20
15
10
0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
Current PPN Constraints on GR
Lunar Laser Ranging
Mercury Perihelion Shift Is the Parameterized
1.002 Post-Newtonian (PPN)
Mars Radar Ranging formalism still relevant?
1.001
Basic phenomenology:
0.998 0.999 1 1.001 1.002
Why Push Further: Aristotelian Analogy
Newtonian Gravity
Einsteinian Departures
2.5
at ~10-8 level of precision
Trajectory Polynomial Order
2.0
Aristotelian
1.5 Gravity
1.0
0.5
0.0
-1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0
Trajectory Asymmetry
Real Rationale for Pushing Further
* These 1 errors are simply ~10 times better than current LLR limits. In each
case, LLR currently provides the best limits. Timescales to achieve stated
results vary according to the nature of the signal.
The APOLLO Apparatus
UCSD: JPL:
Tom Murphy Jim Williams
John Goodkind Jean Dickey
Eric Michelsen Slava Turyshev