MECHANICAL ENGINERING DEPARTMENT

SUB:- MACHINE DESIGN

CODE :-2171903
TOPIC:-DESIGN OF HELICAL GEARS

Enrolment no. 140180119105

140180119106

GUIDED BY
R.I.PATEL SIR
 INTRODUCTION
In helical gears, teeth are cut at an angle, known as
helix angle, with an axis of the gear.

The helical gears are used either to transmit power

between two parallel shafts or to transmit power
between two non-parallel and non-intersecting
shafts.

In spur gear pair, the contact between the two

mashing teeth is theoretically line extending along
the entire face width and parallel to the axes.
 This sudden line contact results in impact, which is
turn, creates higher dynamic load at high pitch line
velocities and also generates noise.

In helical gears, the contact between the meshing

teeth begins as a point contact and gradually
extends as a line contact along the diagonal across
the tooth.

This gradual engagement results in a lower

dynamic load as well as smoother and a quieter
operation even at high pitch line velocities.
1. PARALLEL HELICAL GEARS
2. CROSS HELICAL GEARS
 ADVANTAGES
In helical gears , the contact between the
meshing teeth begins as a point contact and
gradually extends as a line contact along the
diagonal across the tooth.

In helical gears, the operation is smoother and

quiter because of gradual engagement.

In helical gears , the contact ratio is high as

compared to spur gears.
 Design of Helical gear
Bending endurance strength
Beam strength :
Beam strength of the gear tooth is the
maximum tangential load the gear tooth can
take without tooth breakage.

Equation:
 Face width (b)
In practice the face width is taken
between 9m and 15m.
The most common value of face width is
b= 10m or 12m.
 Lewis form factor (Y)
If the Lewis form factor Y is not available then
the approximate value of Lewis form factor Y
is given below.

Eq.
Weaker of Gear and Pinion
Wear strength of Helical gear
tooth
Wear strength of the gear tooth is the
maximum tangential load the gear
tooth can take without pitting failure.
 Load stress factor(K)
The load factor for a gear pair is given by

1. Steel pinion and steel gear

1. Cast iron pinion and cast iron gear

1. Steel gear and cast iron pinion

 Ratio factor

Ratio factor for external gear pair is

given by,

Ratio factor for internal-external gear

pair is given by,
Effective load on Helical gear tooth
1. Theoretical tangential force:
eq.
2. Maximum tangential force:
eq.
 Methods of estimation of dynamic
load effective load
1. Preliminary estimation of dynamic load and
effective load by velocity factor:
eq.

2. Precise estimation of dynamic load and

effective load by Buckinghams equation
The Buckinghams equation for the dynamic
load in the tangential direction is given by,
eq.
 Effective load ():

1. steel pinion and steel gear

Eq.
2. cast iron pinion and cast iron gear
Eq.
3. steel pinion and cast iron gear
Eq.
 Safety of gear pair
1. Safety against bending failure:
If

1. Safety against wear failure:

If
THANK YOU