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Pe is electronic polarisation
Pi is ionic polarisation
Po is oriantational polarisation
Dielectric constant
The dielectric constant (K) of a material is
the ratio of its permittivity to the
permittivity of vacuum o
A 0
Electric Polarization Vector (P)
Electric polarization (P) is defined as the
electric dipole moment per unit volume.
The electric polarization of the dielectric is
P = p = qp/A
Polarization also defined as induced surface
charge density at faces of the dielectric
perpendicular to the direction of applied electric
field.
Simply we say that polarization vector P, is
equal to the bound charge per unit area
Electric Displacement Vector (D)
D = q/A = free
Relation between three electric vectors E, P &D
Let us consider the polarization of a Eo
shown in Fig.
free - the surface charge density of
free charge
p - surface charge density of +free -
p +p -free
bound charges.
The electric field strengths due to E and E
free p
0
0
p
0
D free 0 E P = q/A
The above relation can be written as
D 0E P
Which expresses the relation between three
electric vectors E, P & D.
Gausss law in Dielectrics
The surface integral of displacement vector over
a closed surface is equal to the net free charge
enclosed with in surface i.e.
But we have,
dp = q.dL (1)
The force acting on the charge is qE. The work done by this
force for displacement dL is
dW = force x displacement
= qE.dL = (q.dL).E = E.dp (2)
ENERGY STORED IN AN ELECTRIC FIELD