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Reference Book :
Analog Digital
communication communication
Continuous Pulse
PCM DM ADM
wave systems modulation
Noise
+
Source:
e.g. X(t)cosw0t=1/2(X(W-W0)+X(W+W0))
Fourier series
Deals with periodic signals.
All the periodic signals will be denoted by tilde(~)over the
variable.
Therefore, a signal is first passed through a low pass filter. This low pass
filter blocks all the frequencies which are above fm Hz. This process is
known as band limiting of original signal.
This low pass filtering is known as pre alias filter because it is used to
prevent aliasing effect. After band limiting it is easy to decide sampling
frequency since maximum frequency is now fixed at fm Hz.
2. Natural sampling:
This method is used practically
The circuit which produces ideal samples is known as Natural
sampler.
A-law:
In A-law companding, the compressor characteristics
is defined by equation. The normalized form of A-law
compressor characteristics is shown in the figure.
The A-law is used for PCM telephone systems in
Europe. A practical value for A is 100.
A law and law:
The law (for positive amplitude) is
DPCM
DM (Delta modulation)
ADM (Adaptive Delta Modulation)