Definition

• Sum of all things one person does when he

wants to create understanding in the minds of
another. It involves a systematic and
continuous process of telling, listening and
understanding
-Allen Louis
As the transfer of information from one person
to another whether or not it elicits confidence.
-Koontz and O’Donell
An exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or
emotions by two or more persons.
- George Terry
The process of passing information and
understanding from one person to another ,it
is essentially a bridge of meaning between
people. By using the bridge of meaning a
person can safely cross the river of
misunderstanding
- Keith Davis
Communication is interchange of thoughts
,opinions, or information, by speech,
writing or signs.
-Robert Anderson
George Vardman in his book Effective
Communication
“Purposive interchange, resulting in
workable understanding and agreement
between the sender and receiver of a
message.
Purpose of communication
Broadly-
Inform
Persuade
Objectives of communication
Convey the right message
Coordinate the effort
Educate
Good Industrial Relations
Motivate
Development Of Managerial Skills
Effectiveness Of Policies
Integrate
Promote
Entertain
Principles of Communication
Principle of clarity
Principle of integrity
Principle of informality
Principle of attention
Principle of consistency
Principle of adequacy
Principle of timeliness
Principle of feedback
Principle of communications network
 Scope of Communication

• Information sharing
• Feedback
• Control
• Influence
• Problem solving
• Decision making
• Facilitating change
• Group building
 7 C’s -Characteristics of successful
communication – Francis J Bergin
1.Candidness (Credibility) builds trust
Open, frank, honest

2.Completeness- Planned And Structured

3.Courtesy improves relationships
4.Clarity comprehension easier
5.Correctness builds confidence
6.Concreteness reinforces confidence
7. Conciseness saves time
One more C -Consistency introduces stability
 4 S’s

• Shortness-economizes
• Simplicity- impresses
• Strength-convinces
• Sincerity- appeals
Limitations of communications
Distortion
Confusion
Disbelief
Conflicts
Costly
Delay
Noncongruency of nonverbal messages
 •Process of communication
•Linear Concept
who
says what
on which channel
to whom
with what effect
Sender Message Media Message Receiver Action
 Shannon-Weaver Model

Noise
Information Encoding Decoding
Channel Destination
source process Process

………………………………….... Feedback …………………………………………………………

.
•How communication takes place
Information source

Encoding
Channel
Decoding
Acting
Noise

Filters
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
Justice K.S. Hegde Institute of Management, Nitte. 3
 Communication Process

Noise
Sender
Noise
Encoding

Channel
Decoding
Noise Receiver
Feedback

Noise
 Communication Process
( Two-Way)
Sender Sender Sender
has an encodes transmits
idea
idea

Receiver
gets
message
Receiver Receiver
gives decodes
feedback message
 Communication process
Steps-
ideation,
encoding,
transmission
reception,
decoding
action.
Ideation- sender conceives an idea
Encoding is the process
of putting together thoughts,
ideas and information into a
symbolic form to communicate a
message .
Translation of the conceived idea of
the sender into a message
Transmission: conveying of the
message as encoded by the sender.
.
Reception: receiving of the message
by the receiver..
• Decoding is the process of
transforming and interpreting the
sender’s message back into thought
• Action or Response— reaction the
receiver has after seeing, hearing
and/or reading the message
 ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
• Source
• the sender or source of a communication is the person
or organization who has information to share with
another person
group or individual
• (e.g., salesperson or hired spokesperson) or a
nonpersonal entity
corporation or organization itself.
Message : stimulus that the source transmits to
the receiver.
Channel- path of communication
through which the message travels
from sender to receiver.
verbal ,non-verbal, oral or written
Medium: through which the
message travels from the source
to the receiver.
Mass media, interpersonal like
telephone etc.
Receiver—The receiver is the
person(s) with whom the sender
shares thoughts or information
Receiver’s frame of reference or
field of experience .
noise factors that can distort or
interfere with adequate reception
or comprehension

Feedback is the part of the

receiver’s response that is
communicated back to the sender
and takes a variety of forms
Characteristics of communication
process
A two-way traffic
Continuous process
A short-lived process
Needs proper understanding
Leads achievement of the
organizational objective
 Dispels misunderstanding
Organizational Benefits
 Increase productivity
 Anticipate problems
 Make decisions
 Coordinate workflow
 Supervise others
 Develop relationships
 Promote products
 Shape impressions
 Understand needs of
stakeholders