Well Stimulation Evaluation

Using Nodal Analysis

Acidizing
Matrix acid jobs reduce skin
and improve well
productivity.
Acidizing affects IPR curve.
Example: Edward lime well.
Fracturing
Fracture stimulation
treatments create
conductive paths from the
formation into the
wellbore.
In low-permeability
reservoirs, propped
fractures serve as a
highway for hydrocarbons
Example: Wilcox well.
The Optimization of Fracturing Treatments
1- Reservoir Deliverability
The Physical system:
The reservoir is assumed to be a
horizontal, uniform, isotropic,
homogeneous and bounded.
The geometry of the drainage
region can be square or
rectangular.
The well is intercepted by a finite
conductivity symmetrical fracture
that penetrates the entire vertical
extent of the formation.
Type Curves:
Transient IPR Curves:
The step-by-step procedure to calculate pressure-vs-rate relationships
(i.e., IPR curves) is:
1. Calculate the dimensionless fracture conductivity, FCD.
2. Assume a geometry, xe/ye, for a closed reservoir and calculate the
fracture penetration ratio, xf/xe.
3. Calculate the dimensionless time, tDxf.
4. From the type curves obtain the dimensionless wellbore pressure
drop, PD.
5. Calculate qb and PI at the bubble point pressure:

6. Calculate qVogel by the equation:

7. Calculate Pwfs versus qs below the bubble point pressure, using
Vogels correlation:
Example:
2- Producing System Performance
3- NODAL Analysis

The incremental production diminishes as fracture length increases