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HalfReactions Method:
The overall reaction is split into two half
reactions, one involving oxidation and one
reduction.
8H+ + MnO4 + 5Fe2+ Mn2+ + 5Fe3+ + 4H2O
Example:
Cr2O72-(aq) 2Cr3+(aq)
HSO3-(aq) HSO4-(aq)
Adding electrons:
6e- + Cr2O72-(aq) 2Cr3+(aq)
HSO3-(aq) HSO4-(aq) + 2e-
Half-Reactions:
Fe3+ + e Fe2+ E = 0.77 V
Cu2+ + 2e Cu E = 0.34 V
To balance the cell reaction and calculate the
cell potential, we must reverse reaction 2.
Cu Cu2+ + 2e E = 0.34 V
Each Cu atom produces two electrons but each
Fe3+ ion accepts only one electron, therefore
reaction 1 must be multiplied by 2.
2Fe3+ + 2e 2Fe2+ E = 0.77 V
Standard Cell Potential
Cell Potential: E
Ecell = E(cathode) E(anode)
Ecell = 0.77 V 0.34 V = 0.43 V
Calculating Standard Cell Potential
0.0591
E= log K
n
Cell Potential for Concentration Cells
Production of aluminum
Purification of metals
Metal plating
Electrolysis of sodium chloride
Production of chlorine and sodium hydroxide
The Hall-Heroult Process for Al Production
Electroplating/Silver Plating a Spoon
The Downs Cell for the Electrolysis of Molten
Sodium Chloride
The Mercury Cell for Production of
Chlorine and Sodium Hydroxide