Unit 2 Concepts of Matter

C.4.A differentiate between physical and

chemical changes and properties
 Physical Changes in Matter

A change in a substance that does not change the

identity of the substance
Includes all changes of state (changing from solid-
liquid-gas)
Key Words:
Grinding
Dissolving
Cutting
Breaking
Shattering
 Chemical Changes in Matter
Chemical Change is an action where a new form of
matter is created by rearranging atoms from the
original matter.
A new form of matter is created.
A chemical change does not change the amount of
matter present
Examples:
Splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen
Burning a piece of wood
Combining an acid and a base to produce salt and water.
Digesting food
Popping firecrackers
Milk souring if not refrigerated
 Signs of Chemical Change
You might have a chemical
change if you see:
Bubbles (a new gas was formed)
A new odor is detected
Light is given off
A sound is heard
Tarnish appears
There is a change in temperature
(Hot or Cold)
A precipitate was formed
(a solid is formed from two liquids)
Color change ( ***But not always!)
 Is It Chemical or Physical
Change?

Cookies are baked

Water boils
Salt dissolves in water
Milk spoils
A metal chair rusts
Paper is torn
A tree burns down
 States of Matter
There are three states of matter Solids, liquids,
and gases that are all different states of matter.
Each of these states is also known as a phase.
 States of Matter
A "phase" describes a physical state of matter. The
key word to notice is physical. Things only move
from one phase to another by physical means. If
energy is added (like increasing the temperature) or
if energy is taken away (like freezing something), you
have created a physical change.
 Particle Movement In Matter
Solids Liquids Gases
 Solid
definite shape
definite volume
atoms are packed together in
fixed positions
only vibrate in place
Not easily compressible
little free space between particles
 Liquid
indefinite shape
definite volume
atoms are close together
not easily compressible
little free space between
particles
 Gases
indefinite volume and shape
atoms move quickly
atoms are far apart
compressible
lots of free space between
particles
vapor refers to the gaseous state
of a substance that is a solid or
liquid at room temperature.
 Plasma
They are different and unique from the other states of
matter. Plasma is different from a gas, because it is
made up of groups of positively and negatively
charged particles.
Not naturally occurring
In neon gas, the electrons are all bound to the nucleus.

Example:
In neon plasma like inside a neon light, the
electrons When the light is turned on, the electricity
flows through the tube. The electricity charges the
gas and creates plasma inside of the tube. The
plasma glows a special color depending on what
kind of gas is inside. are free to move around the
system.