Optimization of Performance Parameters with the

Selection of Process Parameters in Turning

Operation using Extended Taguchi Approach

Presented by :
KAMAL KISHOR (1404340019)
B.TECH (FINAL YEAR)
 Overview
• Introduction
• Literature Review
• Objective
• Experimental Methodology
• References
 Introduction

• Turning is the machining operation that produces

cylindrical parts. In its basic form, it can be defined
as the machining of an external surface.

• Basic Turning operation consists of the three

primary adjustable machining parameters viz.
speed, feed and depth of cut.

• Cutting speed may be defined as the rate at which

the uncut surface of the work piece passes the
cutting tool.
• Feed is the distance moved by the tool tip along its
path of travel for every revolution of the work piece.
It is denoted as f and is expressed in mm/rev.
• Depth of cut is defined as the depth of penetration of
the tool into the work piece measured from the work
piece surface before rotation of the work piece.
• A cutting tool can be defined as a part of a machine tool
that is responsible for removing the excessive material
from the work piece by direct mechanical abrasion and
shear deformation.

• The classes of cutting tool materials currently in use for

machining operation are high speed tool steel, cobalt-base
alloys, cemented carbides, ceramic, polycrystalline CBN
and polycrystalline diamond.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
• Xavior and Adithan (2008) performed a experiment on the
determining the influence of cutting fluids on tool wear and
surface roughness during turning of austenitic stainless steel
and found that feed rate has greater influence on surface
roughness and cutting speed has greater influence on tool
wear.[1]
• Ashok et al. (2012) conducted experiment on multiobjective
optimization and predictive modeling of Surface roughness
and MRR in turning using grey relation and regression
analysis and found that cutting speed is most significant factor
for considering surface roughness and mrr followed by feed
while depth of cut was found to be insignificant.[2]
• Rao et al. (2014) performed the study on analysis of tool life
during turning operation by determining optimal process
parameters and found that the tool life is decreasing as the
cutting force, MRR and cutting speed increases.[3]
• Suresh and Basavarajappa (2014) performed the study on effect
of process parameters on tool wear and surface roughness
during turning of hardened steel with ceramic coated tool and
found that cutting speed is most significant effect on tool wear
and feed rate was highest influencing factor on surface
roughness.[4]
• Ramesh et al. (2015) researched on measurement and
optimization of surface roughness and tool wear via grey
relational analysis topsis and RSA techniques” and found that
the most effective factor on the grey grade was found to be feed
rate, followed by cutting speed and depth of cut respectively.[5]
 OBJECTIVE
• Taguchi method is used to optimize the single objective but
not suitable for requirement of industry which has multi
objective which is more difficult and tedious.

• To optimize multi objective system into single objective

Extended Taguchi is used and optimal parameters are
determined.

• To study the effect of machining parameters viz. speed, feed

and depth of cut, on the Material Removal Rate, Surface
Roughness and Tool Wear Rate.
 EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGY

• Calculating weight of each specimen by the high

precision digital balance meter before machining.
• Performing straight turning operation on specimens in
various cutting environments involving various
combinations of process control parameters like:
spindle speed, feed and depth of cut.
• Calculating weight of each machined plate again by
the digital balance meter.
• Measuring surface roughness and surface profile.
• Measuring cutting tool flank wear in tool makers
microscope.
Grey relational analysis
• In grey relational analysis, experimental data i.e. measured
features of quality characteristics of the product are first
normalized ranging from zero to one.
• Next, based on normalized experimental data, grey relational
coefficient is calculated to represent the correlation between
the desired and actual experimental data.
• Then overall grey relational grade is determined by averaging
the grey relational coefficient corresponding to selected
responses.
Normalisation
Grey relation coefficient
• Grey relation coefficient expresses the relationship between ideal
and actual normalized experimental results uses

where ,
x0(k):the reference sequence, xi(k): comparative sequences
Δoi (k)=| x0(k)- xi(k)|
Δmin = min min∀j ∈i∀k | x0(k)- xj(k)|
Δmax = max max∀j ∈i∀k | x0(k)- xj(k)|

• Calculation of Grey relational grade by averaging grey relation

coefficient.
• The parameters corresponding to the highest grey
relational grade are most optimum.
• Significance of parameter can be decided by ANOVA
techniques using S/N ratio.

Where
n : numbers of responses
 REFERENCES
1. M. Anthony Xavior, M. Adithan “Determining the
influence of cutting fluids on Tool wear and Surface
Roughness during turning of austenitic stainless
steel” Journal of materials processing technology
209 (2009)900–909
2. Ashok k. Sahoo, Achyut Nanda Baral, Arun Kumar
Rout, B.C. Routra “Multi objective optimization and
predictive modeling of surface roughness and MRR
in turning using Grey relational and Regression
Analysis” Procedia Engineering 38(2012)1606-
1627.
3. C.J. Rao, D. Sreeamulu, Arun Tom Mathew
“Analysis of Tool Life during Turning Operation by
Determining Optimal Process Parameters”
Procedia Engineering 97(2014) 241-250.
4. R. Suresh, S. Basavarajappa “Effect of process
parameters on tool wear and surface roughness
during turning of hardened steel with ceramic
coated tool” Procedia Material Science 5(2014)
1450-1459.
5. S.Ramesh, R.Viswanathan, S. Ambika “Measurement
and Optimization of Surface Roughness and tool
wear via Grey Relational analysis, topsis and RSA
techniques” Procedia Material Science 67(2015)
243-252.