Consider f ( x)  2

2
x
x f(x)
Note that the domain of f is the set 1 2
of real numbers except zero (0).
0.8 3.125

Observe the function values as we 0.5 8

substitute x values close to 0.
0.25 32

2 0.01 20 000
lim 2
x 0 x 0.001 2 000 000

0.0001 200 000 000

 2x  x 
1. lim 4. lim  

x 1 x  1 x4
 x  4 

2. lim
1 x2
5. lim
x 2 x  2 x 2 ( x  2)
2

x 5
3. lim
x 3 3  x
Consider f ( x)  x
x 1 x f(x)
Note that the domain of f is the set 0 0
of real numbers except -1.
1 1

Observe the function values as we 3 0.75

substitute x values such that x
4 0.8
increases without bound.
10 0.90909090
x
lim 100 0.990099009
x   x  1
1 000 0.999000999

1 000 000 0.999999

 If r is any positive integer, then
1 1
lim r
0 lim r
0
x   x x   x

NOTE:

0 
 Limits of the form , ,   , 0  
0 
are called indeterminate limits and have to be
resolved.
 4x  3 4. lim
9 x 2  10 x 3
1. lim
x   7  x  2 x
4
x  2 x  5

2x  x2 4 x3  2 x 2  5
2. lim 2 5. lim
x   3 x  5 x2
3
x   8 x

2x2  x  5 1  2x  4x4
3. lim 6. lim 2 2
x   4 x 3
1 x  x ( x  4)