FINGERPRINT ATTENDANCE

SYSTEM USING ZIGBEE

PROTOCOL
GROUP MEMBERS:-
 . Saptorshi Bagchi- B3023117

 . Harshavardhana Singh Rathore- B3023056

 . Charanjit Singh- B3023033

COMPANY :-
 N X G Embedded Solutions
INTERNAL GUIDE:-

Prof. V.S.Jadhav
INTRODUCTION

 Traditional styles of attendance management cumbersome.

 New , easy & more efficient way.

 Avoid replacer checking out because person concerned cannot

be separated from identification feature.

 Technology of fingerprint verifying is more popular and

mature.
WHAT IS BIOMETRIC?
 Every human being posses some specific physical
features distinguishing him from others.

 Use of these feature forms the base for the biometrics.

 Thus these distinguishing features can be used to mark

the attendance of any individual , as in our project it is
the fingerprint.
 There are mainly two kinds of fingerprint attendance
management system.

 On-line---always connected to PC

 Off line--- connects to server when required.

WIRELINE VS. WIRELESS
COMMUNICATION:
 WEAR AND TEAR OF WIRES.

 MAINTENANCE.

 EASY ACCESSIBILITY.

 WIRED CONNECTION FACES PROBLEMS ON

STEEP TOPOLOGIES.

 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS.
TYPES OF WIRELESS
 GSM.
 RF-ID.

 FM.

 BLUETOOTH.

 WI-FI.

 INFRA-RED.

 ZIGBEE.
WHY ZIGBEE ?
 LOW COST
 LOW POWER CONSUMPTION

 HIGHER RANGE

 EASY INSTALLATION

 DEVICES CAN JOIN AN EXISTING NETWORK IN

UNDER 30ms
WHAT IS ZIGBEE?
 ZigBee is a specification for high level communication
protocol using small low power devices.

 IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area

networks(WPANs)

 Itoperates in the ISM(Industrial Scientific Medical)

band that is of 2.4GHz.

 ZigBee is targeted at radio-frequency applications that

require a low data rate,long battery life ,secure
networking and average power consumption is low.
ZIGBEE
 Serial Data (UART) communication.

 When not receiving or transmitting data, the RF module is in Idle

Mode. The module shifts into the other modes of operation i.e.:-

• Transmit Mode (Serial data is received in the DI Buffer)

• Receive Mode (Valid RF data is received through the antenna)
• Sleep Mode (Sleep Mode condition is met)
• Command Mode (Command Mode Sequence is issued)
ZIGBEE SPECIFICATIONS:

DATARATE 256 KBPS

RANGE 10-100 Mtrs.

NETWORKING TOPOLOGY Ad-hoc, peer to peer, star

or mesh.

Operating freq. 2.4Ghz

Security 128 AES plus app. layer

security
ZIGBEE PROTOCOL STACK
INTERNAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FINGERPRINT
MODULE....
OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF FINGER
PRINT MODULE
 Fingerprint analysis takes place by scanning the features of a
finger-ridges,valleys,birfurcation points and divergence points.

 Data is unique to the individual and remain so throughout one's

life.
FINGER PRINT VERIFYING PROCESS
 We can use these data to identify or verify a person operating
as follows:
 A digital image of one person's fingerprint to be verified is
captured;
 A feature extracting algorithm is carried out;

 Minutiae are extracted and stored as a template for verifying

later;
 People to be verified place his finger on the fingerprint sensor
so as to extracting the minutiae from the captured image;
 A matching algorithm is applied to matches the minutiae with
the stored template previously.
TEMPLATE FORMAT

1: CHANNEL- It is used to select the channel which is initialised to

00.

2: COMMAND- It is used fo the commands read/write(50/51)

3:PARAMETER 1-Consists of higher and lower bytes and is used for

the data transmission

4:PARAMETER 2/LW/HW-Not Used

5:ERROR CODE :Error generated if any eg: Time out

6:CHECK SUM: Used for the verification of the data.

•Fingerprint processing module communicates with microcontroller
module using RS232 interface in the form of transmitting and
receiving data packet.

•Data packet is divided into two categories: Command Packet and

Response Packet.

•Fingerprint verifying module works under the command packet

and responses the Response packet which has the same command
byte but has the extra data and error code.

•Error code and check sum bytes can be used to check on the
operations of fingerprint verifying module.
FLOWCHART:
Set a reference finger print sample

Assign the sample it’s corresponding

Roll Number

Initiate the attendance marking process.

Display “Unauthorised Access”

Take fingerprint from the user On the LCD

Match the sample with the reference sample

No
Is match confirmed ?

Yes contd..
 Yes

Mark the attendance &

To display Display
store it in the memory
“Attendance marked”

Initiate the attendance

data transmission using keypad

Send the data via zigbee transmitter

Receive the data using Zigbee module

The controller stores the data in the database

Records can be accesed from the database.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

ATTENDANCE UNIT:-
LCD

Fingerprint
Scanner
Memory
AT24C04

Switching IC Microcontroller
MAX 232
HEF 4052B 16F877
RTC DS 1307

Zig-Bee
Module

keypad
SERVER UNIT:

PC

PIC
Zig-bee MAX 232
Microcontroller
WORKING:
 Firstly, Sample fingerprints are taken for the reference.

 These reference samples are then allocated to their corresponding

roll numbers entered through the keypad.

 A Hash table is created inside the processor to store the student’s

attendance details.

 The storing process ends.

contd..
 Now, to initiate the attendance process, the lecturer authenticates the
system using his activation key

 The students mark their attendance by submitting their finger prints

through the scanner

 These fingerprints are compared with the earlier stored samples

 If the match verification is correct , the scanner sends an

acknowledgement to the attendance unit processor

 The processor then marks the attendance for the corresponding roll
no. in the hash table created earlier.

 Confirmation of attendance is displayed on the LCD

 A communication link is established between the attendance unit and the
server unit with the help of wireless module which works on the ZIGBEE
protocol.

 The lecturer, at the end of the session, activates the transmission of the
attendance data to the server unit.

 As soon as the data is received in the server unit, it is given to the

Processor present there, which stores the lecture’s attendance in the
database .

 We can check the records in the database as and when required using the
Visual Basic software.
HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS:
 Attendance Unit:

 Microcontroller: PIC 16F877

 Max 232
 RTC: DS1307
 LCD: ACM1602A
 Memory: AT24C04(4K)
 Keypad 4 X 4
 Fingerprint Scanner(NITGEN FIM 01)
 Switching IC 4052
 Wireless ZIGBEE module(XBEE RF MODULE)
 SERVER UNIT:
 Microcontroller: PIC 16F877A
 Wireless ZIGBEE module
 MAX 232
 Monitor
SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION
 Embedded C
 Visual Basic
BLOCK SPECIFICATIONS:
Fingerprint Identification Module-
FIM 01(Nitgen):-

 CPU – S2C2410 (ARM 9)

 DRAM – 8Mb

 FLASH ROM – 1Mb

 SENSOR – Nitgen OPP 01 MM2

 SUPPLY VOLTAGE – 5V

 CURRENT – 150 mA

 CAPTURE SPEED – 0.3s-0.9s

 VERIFICATION – 1.6s(capture+extract+match)
 PIC MICROCONTROLLER 16F877

 40 pin IC, 2 memory banks

 Operating voltage – 2.2-5V
 Sink/source current – 25mA
 5 I/O ports
 35 Instruction Sets
 EEPROM 256 bytes
 Data Memory – 368 bytes
 Flash Programmable memory – 8k
 In built ADC 10 Bits with 8 i/p channel
 Watchdog timer (monitors if CPU enters endless loop &
rectifies it by resetting the TO bar bit from status reg )
 Brown Out reset( goes in hibernation, for supply less than 4
volts).
 LCD (ACM 1602A)
 Supply voltage – 6.5V(max)

 Responce time 240 ms

 Supply current 3 mA

 Duty cycle of 1/16

 Operating temperature - -20 to +80C

 Memory(AT24C04)

 Vcc-4.5-5.5V

 Memory 512 X 8 (4K)

 Frequency 400Khz

 Write cycle is 10 ms(max)

 O/p current is 5mA

 Switching IC – HEF 4052B

 Dual 4 channel multiplexer

 Vdd (-18 - +5V)

 MAX 232(DS14C232)
 Pin compatible with industry standard.
 Power supply – +5V
 Current (Icc=3.0mA)
 Operating temp. range( -55 to 125 degree Celsius).
 Package efficiency of two drivers and two receivers.

 RTC (DS 1307)

 56 byte non- volatile RAM
 Two wire serial interface 8 pin IC
 Operating temp - -40-+85 C
 Consumes less than 500 nA in battery back up mode
ACTIVITY PLAN
 Circuit design
 PCB layout

 PCB manufacture

 Component procurement

 Assembling of components

 Hardware testing and troubleshooting

 Software modular programming

 Final testing
REFERENCES:-
 Microprocessor & microcontroller- Vikas Shirorlkar
 Magazine- Electronics For You

 IEEE Papers

 Electronic devices & ckt.- David Bell

THANK YOU!