MINI PROJECT

TOPIC: DESIGN OF A
SOLAR POWERED LAWN
MOWER
Done by-
Dhiraj Pratim Baruah (DC2015BTE0015)
Chinmoyee Neog(DC2015BTE0229)
Smita Rajbongshi(DC2015BTE0244)
Polkiv Saikia(DC2014BTE0075)

Guide Name- Leena Harshal Neemade

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 CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• METHODS AND MATERIAL
• MATERIALS USED AND THEIR
SPECIFICATIONS
• DESCRIPTION OF EACH PART
• MECHANISM
• WORKING PROCEDURE
• CALCULATION
• FUTURE WORK
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 INTRODUCTION
• A lawn mower is a machine that is used to cut
grass in a lawn. The blades of the lawn mower are
generally powered by pushing the mower
forward. Lawn mowers are classified based on
different criteria. For example, according to the
axis of rotation of blades we may have reel lawn
mowers (in which the axis is horizontal) and
rotary lawn mowers (in which the axis is
vertical).The reel (cylindrical) lawn mower is
found to be better. Made of blades on a revolving
cylinder, they achieve clean cut by scissors action.

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• As the mower moves forward, the rotating blades
come in contact with a stationary bar called the
bed knife and placed parallel to the ground. The
mower is adjusted to various cutting heights.
Rotary mowers are often powered either by an
internal combustion engines or an electric motor
and are generally mowed manually, with the
engine only spinning the cutting blades. Rotary
mowers are generally having opening by the side
of the housing through which cut grasses are
expelled. Some are attached with a grass collector
at the exit point.
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• Making the process of cutting grass easier over
the years, many individuals have added
modification to the original design speed,
efficiency and power of a mowing machine.
Pollution is the major concern with the
conventional gas powered lawn mower. Human
effort is another factor that needs to be reduced.
In this project we look at different mechanisms
that have been innovated to increase efficiency of
lawn mower operation and research
development work going on in respective
designs.
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 METHODS AND MATERIAL
• Solar Energy
• Solar Energy is very large, inexhaustible source of
energy. The power from the Sun interrupted by
earth is approximately 1.8/10MW, which are
thousands of times larger than the present
consumption rate on the earth of all energy
sources. The quantum of energy India’s land area
receive from sun is equivalent to 15000 times sits
consumption requirement as projected for 2004.

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• In addition to its size, solar energy has two
other factors in its favor. Firstly, unlike fossil
fuels and nuclear power, it is an
environmentally clean source of energy.
Secondly, it is free and available in adequate
quantities in almost all parts of the world
people live. The real challenge in utilizing solar
energy is of and economic concern.

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 TABLE: COMPARISON
SL. NO SOLAR Fuel Energy
ENERGY System
SYSTEM
1 Totally free Pollution is a
from pollution great factor
2 No fuel Fuel is the
consumption important need
3 Low cost and Maintenance is
maintenance difficult and
costly 8
 MATERIALS USED AND THEIR
SPECIFICATIONS
Materials Specification
Solar panel Array size: 12 x 8 cm
Maximum power: 2.25W
Maximum voltage: 9 V
Maximum current: 0.25 amp
Rechargeable Battery Maximum voltage: 4 V
Maximum current: 2.0 amp

Card Board 27.5 x 16.5

Gear Motor Maximum voltage: 3V- 9 V

Speed: 100 rpm
Motor Maximum voltage : 3V - 9V
Diode Rectifier diode 9
 Material Specification
Switch -
Fly Wheel Diameter : 1.5 cm
Wheel Diameter : 3.5 cm
Blade Length : 9 cm
Stainless Steel

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 SOLAR PANEL
• A photovoltaic cell comprises P-type and N-type
semiconductors with different electrical properties, joined
together. The joint between these two semiconductors is
called “P-N junction.”
• Sunlight striking the photovoltaic cell is absorbed by the
cell. The energy of the absorbed light generates particles
with positive or negative charge, which move about freely
in all directions within the cell.
• The electrons tend to collect in the N-type semiconductor
and the holes in the P-type semiconductor.
• Therefore when an external load, such as an electric motor
is connected between the front and back electrodes,
electricity flows in the cell.

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Fig.1:Solar panel

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 BATTERIES
• The batteries are used as a storage device for
solar energy which can be further converted into
electrical energy.
• To be economically attractive the storage of solar
electricity requires a battery with following
particular combination of properties:
1.Low cost
2.Long life
3 .High reliability
4. High overall efficiency

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Fig.2:Batteries

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 BLOCKING DIODE
• A blocking diode is commonly used in solar energy
systems and solar panels.
• Diode is a two terminal electronic device, which allows
electrical current to pass in one direction. Diodes are
made of a semiconductor material, usually silicon.
• A diode only allows unidirectional flow of current. This
is due to the fact that it offers low (ideally zero)
resistance to current in one direction and at the same
time, offers high (ideally infinite) resistance to the
current in the opposite direction.
• This property of a diode is extensively used in the
photovoltaic industry

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• During the day the solar panel (at high potential)
produces electricity and charges the battery (at low
potential).
• During night, when the panel is not producing any
electricity (low potential), the battery is at a higher
potential.
• There is a possibility of the current flowing from the
battery to the solar panel, thereby discharging the
battery overnight.
• To prevent this from happening, a blocking diode is
installed. It allows the current to flow from the panel to
the battery but blocks the flow in opposite direction.
• It is always installed in series with the solar panel.
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Fig.3: Diode

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 D.C MOTOR
• A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical
machines that converts direct current
electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Fig.4:D.C motor 18
 MOWER BLADES
• Mower blades are the cutting components of
lawn mowers.
• Three stainless blades are fitted in the mower
at an angle of 120 degrees.

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 WHEELS AND MOTORS
• Motors are fitted on the wheels to make the
mower automated.
• These motors are fitted with

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 WORKING OF SOLAR POWERED
GRASS CUTTER

1. The working of solar powered grass cutter, it has panels mounted in

a particular arrangement in such a way that it can receive solar
radiation with high intensity easily from the sun.
2. These solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy as
mentioned earlier. Now this electrical energy is stored in batteries.
3. A blocking diode is put in series with the solar panel. The diode
prevents the backflow of current from the battery.
4. The motor is connected to the batteries through connecting wires.
5. When the switch is on, from the motor power transmits to the
mechanism and this makes the blade to rotate with high speed and
this makes to cut the grass and also the wheel rotate and the
mower moves forward.

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CONCLUSION

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CALCULATION

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 FUTURE WORK
1)

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