STRESS RATE RELATIONSHIP WITH

HYPERTENSION EVENTS ON LANSIA

Group 5
Satria Eddyana R (213114046)
Nadia Sintia W (213114048)
Dennisha Widyantie (213114053)
Ade Indra (213114057)
Indah Sari (213114055)
Irwan Darmawan (213114066)
Background

■ World Health Organization (WHO, 2004), estimates that about 30% of the world's population is
not diagnosed with hypertension (underdiagnosed condition). This is due to the absence of definite
symptoms for the patient, if as for symptoms that arise such as headache, neck pain, and others, it
is not certain to show the sufferer affected by hypertension.
■ According to Prof. Tjandra Yoga Aditama, SP. P (k), hypertension patients in Indonesia reached
31.7%. Riskesdas said that the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia ranges from 52% women
compared to 48% men, the risk of hypertension will increase at the age above 50 years. According
to the report the registration of causes of death in 15 districts or cities in 2011 was hypertension at
age 55 - 64 years of 4.4%.
■ Based on data from Health Department Cimahi year 2015, the largest number of elderly is in
Region Padasuka counted 789 people. While cases of hypertension in the second elderly in the
area of Cimahi Selatan as many as 687 people (Health Office Cimahi City, 2015)
■ Factors that affect the occurrence of hypertension are divided into two major groups:
uncontrollable factors such as gender, age, genetics, race and controllable factors such as diet,
exercise habits, salt intake, coffee, alcohol and stress. And the factors that often cause the
occurrence of hypertension is stress.
Formulation of the problem

■ Hypertension at this time is a degenerative disease commonly suffered by the elderly, but at this
time hypertension also attacks young people. Currently hypertension is still called as Silent Of
Killer Death, because the prevalence of hypertension is still high. The prevalence of hypertension
in elderly (elderly) is 30-65%. Based on data from Health Department Cimahi year 2015, the
largest number of elderly is in Region Padasuka counted 789 people. While the case of
hypertension in the second elderly is in the area of Cimahi Selatan as many as 687 people (Cimahi
City Health Office, 2015). Factors that affect the occurrence of hypertension are divided into two
major groups: uncontrollable factors such as gender, age, genetics, race and controllable factors
such as diet, exercise habits, salt intake, coffee, alcohol and stress. And the factor that often causes
the occurrence of hypertension is stress. Stress is a condition where the state of the body is
disturbed because of psychological distress.
Based on this background, the identification of the problem of this study is "is there a
relationship of stress level with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly?"
Research Purposes

■ General purpose
The general objective of this study was to determine the relationship of the level of stress with
hypertension in the elderly
■ Special purpose
Knowing the stress level overview of the elderly
Knowing the picture of the incidence of hypertension in the elderly
Knowing the stress level relationship with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly
Conseptual Framework

FAKTOR- FAKTOR YANG

MEMPENGARUHI

■ - Usia
■ - Jenis Kelamin
■ - Aktifitas fisik

■ - Stres - Hipertensi

■ - Kebiasaan merokok
■ - Aasupan garam berlebih
■ - Kurangnya waktu tidur
■ - Obesitas
Hypertension

■ Hypertension or high blood pressure is one of the most frequent diseases in developing
countries such as Indonesia. Someone said to hypertension and risk of health problems if
after several measurements, systolic blood values> 140 mmHg or diastolic> 90 mmHg.
Hypertension is a condition where a person experiences an increase in blood pressure
above normal (> 140/90 mmHg), resulting in increased morbidity (morbidity) and death
rate (mortality) (Triyanto, 2004).

Classification systolic diastolic

(MmHg) (MmHg)

Normal <120 <80

pre Hypertension 120-139 80-90

Hypertension Degree 1 140-156 90-99

Hypertension Grade 2 > 160 > 100

Stress

■ Stress is a condition where the state of the body is disturbed because of

psychological distress. Usually stress is not due to physical illness but more about
the psychiatric. However, because of the influence of stress, the physical illness can
arise due to weak and low immune system at that time.
■ Sign and symptom
Fatigue, insomnia, headaches, palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, upset
stomach, nausea, shaking, cold extremities, face feels hot, sweating, frequent
colds, menstrual disturbed, muscle stiffness and tension especially on the neck,
shoulders, and lower back (Wirawan, 2012)
Level of stress
■ Mild stress
Suzanne & Brenda (2008) says in this phase a person at increased awareness and airy
perception.
■ Stress Medium
This phase is marked by alertness, focus on the senses of sight and hearing, increased
tensions within tolerable limits, and able to cope with situations that could affect her
(Suzanne & Brenda, 2008).
■ Severe stress
Chronic stress which occurs a few weeks to years. The more often and longer a stressful
situation, the higher the health risk posed (Wiebe & Williams, 1992 in Potter & Perry, 2005)
Ederly
■ The elderly are a group of elderly people over 50 years old who experience a gradual
process of phishing and is a natural process that can not be avoided (Ernawati, 2008)

■ Age Restrictions
Age restrictions of the elderly according to the World Health Organization (WHO)
elderly include:
a. Middle age (middle age), is the age group 45-59 years
b. Elderly (elderly) between 60-74 years
c. Very old age (very old) over 90 years
Research Methodology
■ 1. Dependent variables
"Genesis of Hypertension in the Elderly"
■ 2. Independent variables
“Stress Levels”
■ 3. Design Research
The design research used is descriptive analytic research method
■ 4. Research Methods
The research methods used cross sectional methods where the researcher
observed or collected data at once (point time approach)
Population and Samples

■ Population is a generalization region consisting of: Objects / subjects that have certain
qualities and characteristics defined by the researchers to learn and then drawn
conclusions (Sugiyono, 2009). The population in this study were elderly (> 60 years) in
patients with hypertension
■ Samples intensive search is part of the number and characteristics possessed by
population The (Sugiyono, 2009).
Operational Definition
Variable Conseptual Definition Operational Measuring Measuring Results Scale
Definition Instrument
Stress level The term stress comes from the A condition when Observation HARS (Hamilton
Latin word derived from the word the respondent feels sheet and Anxiety rating scale)
"stringere" which has the meaning the pressure or Questionnaire 1. Score <14 no
of tension, and pressure. Stress is an tension that occurs stress
unexpected relation that arises due in the environment. 2. Score 14-20 mild
to the high demands of the stress
environment to a person. 3. Score 21-27
medium stress
4. Score 28-41 heavy
stress
5. Score 42-56 very
heavy stress
Hypertension Hypertension is a condition where A condition of Spygmomano 1. Hypertension (>140 Ratio
blood pressure is above the normal increased blood meter mmhg for systolic and
or optimal limit of 140 mmHg for pressure in the >90 mmhg for
systolic and 90 mmHg for diastolic respondent or blood diastolic)
(Herlambang, 2013) pressure above 2. Not Hypertension
normal limits
Method Data Analysis

■ 1. univariate Analysis
Univariate analysis used to determine the frequency distribution of the level of stress
with hypertension in the elderly.
■ 2. Bivariate analysis
Bivariate analysis in this study is to analyze the correlation between stress with
hypertension in the elderly.
In bivariate analysis used is the chi-square test, which aims to explain the hypothesized
relationship of independent variables with the dependent variable. To decide whether
there is a significant relationship between independent variables and the dependent
variable with an error rate of 5% (p value 0.05).