KNOWING ONESELF

PERSONALITY TRAITS
MEASURING PERSONALITY
PERSONALITY TRAIT

• Personality trait is a disposition to behave

consistently in a particular way, while personality
is a broader term that comprises of traits,
motives, thoughts, self-concept, and feelings.

• EXAMPLE: Shyness/ social awkwardness

MEASURING PERSONALITY
PERSONALITY TESTS

• Rorschach Inkblot Test

• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
• Keirsey Temperament Sorter
The Myers-Brigs Type Indicator

• Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers.

• Developed four (4) preferences of individuals:
1. E or I (Extraversion or Introversion)
2. S or N (Sensing or Intuition)
3. T or F (Thinking or Feeling)
4. J or P (Judgment or Perception)
E or I (Extraversion or Introversion)

• How an individual prefers to channel his or

her energy when dealing with people ,
whether it is inward (introversion) or
outward (extraversion)
S or N (Sensing or Intuition)

• How one prefers to process information, whether

through the use of senses such as being able to
describe what one sees, or intuitively like dealing
with ideas.
T or F (Thinking or Feeling)

• How an individual prefers to make decisions ,

either thinking or using logic and analysis, or
feeling which uses the cognitive senses based on
values and beliefs.
J or P (Judgment or Perception)

• How an individual prefers to manage one’s life,

whether through judging, which means a planned
and organized life,, versus perception, which has
a more flexible approach to living.
ISTJ ISFJ INFJ INTJ
ISTP ISFP INFP INTP
16 Types of Combinations of Personality

ESTP ESFP ENFP ENTP

ESTJ ESFJ ENFJ ENTJ
Developing the whole
o Holistic person
Development (Holism and Gestalt)
o The Various Aspects of Holistic Development of Persons
o Basic Drives and Affect (Feelings and Emotions)
o Attitudes and Behaviors
o Values and Virtues
 WHAT IS YOUR
UNDERSTANDING OF A
WHOLE PERSON?
HOW ARE YOUR THOUGHTS, FEELINGS
AND BEHAVIORS RELATED? HOW DO
THEY INTERACT?
HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT
Mind and Body Dualism of Descartes
Holism and Gestalt
The Yin-Yang Model
 HOLISM AND GESTALT

HOLISM BY JAN C. SMUTS

“THE TENDENCY IN NATURE TO FORM WHOLES WHICH
ARE GREATER THAN THE SUM OF THE PARTS THROUGH
CREATIVE EVOLUTION”
 HOLISM AND GESTALT

GESTALT BY WERTHEIMER, KOFFKA, KHOLER

“SOMETHING THAT IS MADE OF MANY PARTS AND YET
SOMEHOW MORE THAN OR DIFFERENT FROM THE
COMBINATION OF ITS PARTS; BROADLY THE GENERAL
QUALITY OR CHARACTER OF SOMETHING”
 PHYSIOLOGICAL

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL

5 ASPECTS OF HOLISTIC DEVELOPMENT

SOCIAL
SPIRITUAL
 BASIC DRIVES AND AFFECT

• Basic human drives (e.g. hunger and thirst)

• Affect
- The various emotional experiences such as
emotions, moods, and affective traits (Feist and
Rosenberg, 2012)
 FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS
• Paul Ekman’s Six • Four (4) Basic
Basic Emotions Emotions
1. Happiness 1. Happy
2. Sadness 2. Sad
3. Fear
3. Afraid/ Surprised
4. Anger
4. Anger/ Disgusted
5. Surprise
6. Disgust
 ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS

• Attitude
- a person’s thoughts, feelings, and emotions
about another person, object, idea, behavior, or
situation.
- Beliefs and Values affect the attitude of a
person.
 ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIORS

• Behavior
- a manifestation or acting out of the
attitudes an individual has.
VALUES AND VIRTUES
SHALOM H. SCHWARTZ: BASIC HUMAN VALUES