POST COLONIALISME

By Group 10 / Class 5B :

Tantia Wangi / A320150086

Ratih Indra / A320150089
Rahma Ananda / A320150091
Ellentha Devi / A320150093
• Postcolonialist Theory

- Racial undertones-inferior view to Orientals

- Texts are in the perspectives of the colonized
(oppressed)
- Literature of Negritude example of literature of
protest
• Pan Africanism-loving identity

- Wordliness- speech is in the world but text is

removed in the world

- Bhaba “Colonial Ambivalence&

colonial enunciation

Purist – don’t entertain the idea of colonizing.

Hybridity-
• hybridity, an important concept in post-
colonial theory
• Colonial ambivalence
• Colonial enunciation
• What puts the post in Colonialism?

- Considering post is a prefix meaning after, we

need to first discuss the history behind colonialism.

What is colonialism?
- An extension of a nations rule over territory
beyond its borders
- a population that is subjected to the political
domination of another population
•
• Two sides of colonialism
- The militaristic side(the physical conquest and
occupation of territories)
- The civilizational side(the conquest and occupation
of minds, selves and cultures)
- Colonialism does not end with the end of colonial
occupation
- Resistance begins before the end of colonial
occupation
• - The historical whereby
the"West' attempts systematically to
cancel or negate the cultural difference and
value of the non West Leela Gandhi,1998)

- colonial critique deals with imperialistic views

-post colonial smu examines the effects of

imperialistic views in postcolonial societies
• Post colonial criticism?
- A set of theoretical and critical strategies used to
examine the culture, literature, politics, history, of
former colonies
- Post-colonial theory deals with the reading and
writing of literature written in previously or
currently colonized countries, or literature written
in colonizing countries which deals with
colonization or colonized peoples it embraces no
single method or school
• Post colonialism

- Questions the effect of empire

- Raises issues such as racism and exploitation
- Assesses the position of the colonial or post-
colonial subject
- Offers a counter narrative to the long tradition
of European imperial narratives
• Why were people colonized?
A. Social Darwinism
-Eurocentrism
-Universalism
- Colonialism is nature

B. White Man's Burden

What was thought to be an obligation
to"civilize" non-European people
• Postcolonialist Theory Racial understones
inferior view to Orientals Texts were in the
perspectives of the colonized(oppressed)
Literature of Negretude- example of literature of
protest
HOW LONG DID IT LAST AND WHY
DID IT END
• 15th century to 20th century (arguably, it is still
going on)
• WWII
- Right to sovereighty
- Lack of resources
- Independence movements
OK, SO WHAT IS POSTCOLONIALISM?

• Postcolonial theory attempts to focus on the

oppression of those who were ruled under
colonization. Factors include: Political
oppression Economic Social cultural oppression
WHO ARE THE OPPRESSED
• Those who were formerly colonized
• In postcolonial theory, the word colonized can
mean many thing :
- Literal colonization
- More abstract colonization african-
american native americans in the united
states
HOW WAS THE COLONIZED
OPPRESSED
• Post colonial theorist believe that the colonies
(generally europeans) :
• Imposed their own values onto those colonized
so that they were internalized.
• Social/cultural-spanish language/catholic
religion in the carribean
• Political- drew the boundaries of africa based on
european politics rather than tribal interests
HOW DID OPPRESSED ESCAPE
• Post colonial theorist also analyzed the processes
by which those who were colonized resisted the
colonizers
• Examples :
• Haiti
• South africa
• India
WHEN EXACTLY DOES THE POSTCOLONIAL
BEGIN

• When third world intellectuals have arrived in

the first world academe (arif dirlik)
POSTCOLONIAL THEORIST

Edward said
• Moved colonial discourse into the first world
academy and into literary and cultural
• Was also very influential in third world
universities (esp. In india )
• Coined the term orientalism describing the
binary between the orient and the occident
 EDWARD SAID
• Power and knowledge are insparable ( following
foucalts belief )
• Orientalism is the 1978 book that has been
highly influential in postcolonial studies
• Attempted to explain how european/ western
colonizers looked upon the orient
• What is the orient
• A mystical plane that was stereotyped due to
lack knowledge and imagination
• A lumping together of asia
EXAMPLE OF ORIENTASION
 THEORY FRANTZ FANON

• Frantz fanon ( july 20, 1925- december 6, 1961)

was a psychiatrist, philosopher, revolutionary,
and author from martinique he was influential in
the field of post colonial studies and was perhaps
the pre-eminent thinker of the 20th century on
the issue of decolonization and the
psychopathology of colonization. His works have
inspired anti-colonial liberation movements for
more than four decades
POSTCOLONIALISM : THE CRITICAL LENS
- Examining colonies/colonized relationship in
literature
• Is the work pro/anti colonialist why
• Does the text reinforce or resist colonialist
ideology
- Explore the dynamics of colonization
through literary works
• How did it come about
• How did it end
• How does the text explain this