DispatcherRefresherPresentation V1 1

Dispatcher Refresher
TM
DispatchRefresherPresentation-V1-0
Basic overview of DISPATCH
Mine Management System
• DISPATCH optimizes the mine operation based on

real-time data. This optimization helps increase
productivity and reduce operating costs thus
ensuring the long-term viability of the Mine.
• DISPATCH achieves its purpose by providing all of
the following and more:
* automatic, optimized haul truck assignments
* auxiliary equipment tracking
* automatic fuel assignments
* maintenance tracking
* reporting capabilities
TM
How the System Works
By using satellites to track the location of equipment,
Dispatch provides a recording database as well as a
real time decision maker for equipment allocation.
TM
The Hardware
System Configuration
– Control Room
– Repeaters
TM
– Mobile Equipment
TM
Repeaters - PSW Daemon
TM
1) Each satellite 2) The ground
transmits a signal that station & mobile
includes its ID, equipment fitted
orbital location and with GPS
current time. antennas receive
the satellite
signals.
3) Dispatch
Transaction
3) Ground screen displays
station each vehicle
determines that enters a
position errors beacon’s circle
& sends them Dispatch
of influence.
to the mobile Central
equipment. Computer
4) Onboard communications processor

uses errors to identify the truck’s location. Virtual
When the truck enters a virtual beacon’s Beacon
circle of influence, the communications
processor notifies the central computer of
the truck’s arrival at the beacon.
TM
How the Dispatch System Works
Two Scenarios:
Non-Dispatch or Locked Mode
Dispatch or Unlocked Mode
3 Components to the System Configuration

- BP, LP, DP
TM
Non-DISPATCH Scenario
(Locked)
• Typical “shift” Setup: Locked
• Pitfalls of Non-Dispatching
– Lacks systematic, real-time adjustments of
truck-to-shovel assignments.
– Fails to take advantage of operational
scenarios appropriate for establishment of more
effective production circuits.
– Does not provide flexible, robust real-time
blending control.
– May be required based on pit structure.
TM
DISPATCH Scenario
(Unlocked)
• Optimal production circuits.

• Dynamic assignments.
• Real-time blending control.
• Dynamic adjustment of cycle times.
TM
TM
TM
TM
Best Path Model (BP)
• Determines “shortest” route for traveling between

every pair of locations in the mine.
• Uses mine’s road network.
• Uses distance as criterion for “shortest”.
• Requires “healthy” road network.
• Only recalculated when road network changes.
 Importance of an accurate road network
TM
Best Path Between S1 and D3
D2
S1
S3
CP2
CP1
CP3
D1 D3
S2
TM
TM
Linear Programming Model (LP)
• It is the big decision maker.

• It relies on the information given by the Dispatcher
and the LP setup the Dispatcher chooses.
• It generates a theoretical haulage “Master Plan”
which uses production and operational constraints
and is later used as a reference to generate real-
time assignments (DP).
• It sees the haulage process as a continuous
process.
TM
Linear Programming Model (LP)
• It depends on up-to-date cycle time information.

(example, last 4 haul cycles)
• It allocates haulage resources to excavating
activities based on truck-dependent loading rates
and maximization of overall truck productivity.
• It provides a solution in terms of haulage paths
and flow rates.
TM
TM
TM
Dynamic Programming Assignment
Model (DP)
• It uses the LP’s Master Plan as a reference.

• It tries to achieve “balance and synchronization”
while meeting the LP flow rates.
• It is a dynamic heuristic that builds “future”
scenarios when generating assignments.
TM
Data Integrity
TM
Truck - Shovel Cycle Data Capture
TM
Calculation of Dump Time
• End Point Depart

• Auto Arrive
• Tray Switch
• Manual Assign Beacon
Radius
Dump Time influences travel empty and travel full

TM
time and LP assignments.
Shovel Idle time (Hang Time) =
Total Ready time -(spot + load time)
• Most errors that occur in the capturing and mis-

reporting of spot time, results in reduced spot
times, which act to inflate idle (hang) time.
• Shovel GPS beacons set to “End Points” will
report spot times of less than one shovel swing
cycle, (thus over-estimating shovel idle time).
• Shovel not changing status to Ready from delay,
eg. “Wait on Trucks” delays. Spotting is captured
as “Indirect Operating” time.
TM
Spot Times
• RF Beacons • GPS
Spot starts at Full
from last truck to
the first bucket of
next truck
Overtrucked
Spot starts Spot starts

when beacon when speed
hit and ends drops + GPS
when first arrive and ends
TM
bucket is hit at first bucket
Undertrucked DispatchRefresherPresentation-V1-0
Road Accuracy
Check that GPS traces

match road network
TM
LP (Real-Time)
Effects
Beacon arrival from
adjacent haul
• Poor truck
assignment
• Over-reported haul
distance & TKPH.
• EFH unaffected
Of particular
significance to:
• Switchback ramps
• Dragline strips
• Poor GPS
TM accuracy
Beacon
Radii Too
Small
(9004)
• T1 late to arrive
at 9004, assumed
T2
to still be hauling,
T1 T2 will be re-
assigned to A.
B • A will have a
A queue and B will
have it’s bucket in
the air!
TM
Not Updating
Dump
• EFH understated
• TKPH understated
(NB: if 9002
detected then will
overstate!)
• No arrive at dump
(zero dump time)
• Fuel under -
estimated by 15%
• Travel time
prediction under -
estimated (shovel
TM
starved!)
Shovel in Wrong
Location
C
• EFH understated by
50%.
• TKPH inaccurate
(over or under stated
B depending on
beacons detected!)
• Shovel under-trucked
• Bad assignments can
E result from truck not
A detected at B, another
re-assigned from A to
D cover the assumed
TM
need!
Dumping
Outside Dump
Beacon
• No Arrive at dump
• Where trucks pass
through the beacon,
dump time truncated
(Assign too early)
where beacon is set as
GPS depart.
• No dump time where
trucks don’t ARRIVE
(ie:outside beacon and
don’t press manually
or no tray switch).
TM
Arrive back at shovel &
can’t press first bucket.
Data Integrity is controlled by
the Dispatcher.
The performance of real time dispatching is
controlled by the Dispatcher.
Important to have:
Minimum distraction.
Road Networks accurate.
Correct equipment locations and dump
 locations.
Correct Beacon types and sizes to reflect haul
 cycle elements..
Exceptions handled correctly.
TM

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Dispatcher Refresher

• DISPATCH optimizes the mine operation based on

4) Onboard communications processor

3 Components to the System Configuration

• Optimal production circuits.

• Determines “shortest” route for traveling between

 Importance of an accurate road network

• It is the big decision maker.

• It depends on up-to-date cycle time information.

• It uses the LP’s Master Plan as a reference.

• End Point Depart

Dump Time influences travel empty and travel full

• Most errors that occur in the capturing and mis-

Spot starts Spot starts

Check that GPS traces

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