Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Date :
Instructor:
Location:
Duration: 7Hrs30
septembre 2005PPT 00000/0 - F - 04/2006 - DEFI
2 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
CONTENT
- PRESENTATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------Page 4
Classroom
• The trainees acquire theoretical knowledge on the functioning principles of the particle
filter
Practical work in the workshop:
COURSE PROGRAM
TIMES:
8.30am – 11.30am
7H30
1.00pm – 5.30pm
8H30 9H00 10H00 11H00 12H00 13H00 14H00 15H00 16H00 17H00
REPAS
PAUSE
QUIZ
PRESENTATION PRESENTATION
G2 POSTE B POSTE C POSTE A
FAP FAP
G3 POSTE C POSTE A POSTE B
6 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
QUIZ
1 2 3
10 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
QUESTION 1
QUESTION 2
QUESTION 3
QUESTION 4
QUESTION 5
QUESTION 6
Filter the CO and the CO2 then mix them with the exhaust gases.
QUESTION 7
QUESTION 8
1 2 3 What are the roles of the particle filter system temperature sensors?
QUESTION 9
The pressure difference between the particle filter inlet and outlet.
The pressure difference between the catalyser inlet and the particle filter
outlet.
19 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
QUESTION 10
The engine
QUESTION 11
QUESTION 12
QUESTION 13
True
False
Only if the vehicle has been upgraded from first to second generation.
23 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
QUESTION 14
QUESTION 15
Plug the clogged filter, put it in the plastic bag supplied with the new filter
and return it in the same carton as the new filter.
Return the left-over additive to spare parts department for use elsewhere.
25 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
26 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
AIR DIESEL
Reduction of NOx :
POLLUTANTS :
= > EGR = risk of NON-POLLUTANTS :
CO (0.5%)
Nitrogen (73%)
formation of particles CO2 (19%)
HC (0.2%)
NOX (1.9%)
H2O (7.2%)
Soot
27 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Composition of
the particles
0.01 to 0.05
μ
"Pure" carbon
Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon particles romatiques
Sulfates (SO4) + water 0.1 and 1
Metal swarf micron
Ash Toxicity
28 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
STANDARDS
Limit of the
standards
SYSTEM COMPOSITION
30 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
SYSTEM COMPOSITION
31 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
THE CATALYSER
DOWNLINE
UPLINE
THE FILTER
SD 991
OS2
Two generations of filter
Exhaust outlet with particles
removed
Gas inlet carrying particles
Filtration
rate:
0.1 micron
34 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
PARTICLE COMBUSTION
Regeneration
O2 additive
Particle
Filling
Pump
Valve
39 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Injector
Low sensor
80 l/hr at 3 bars
40 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
White,
Eolys® DPX 42 Green,
Eolys® 176 (DPX 10)
41 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Diffuser
No longer
fitted
THE POUCHES
5 2
2 3
Function
Regeneration assistance.
Cold starting.
Operating principle
Inlet air
49 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Operating principle
Operating principle
Mixing :
By-pass type
DT17TED4 example
55 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
ADDITIVE INJECTION
56 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Second generation
DPX 10
CAN example
It manages:
• fuel additive injection.
• the quantity of additive injected as from when the
PF is in operation.
• the fallback strategies.
• diagnostic with fault memorisation.
• dialog with the engine ECU and the BSI.
• It activates the injection pump.
• It activates the injector (depending on the system).
ADDITIVE MANAGEMENT
Ignition key
Events Actions
ECU wake-up.
Cap opened
Cap open memorised
ΔL>0 ΔL=0
ΔL>0 ΔL=0
+ cap procedure fault or no + cap procedure fault or
+ cap procedure + cap procedure
procedure no procedure
Fuel additive injection Fuel additive injection Fuel additive injection Nothing
Events Actions
Detect :
Second generation Ignition cut off Filtered level stored in memory
Cap opened
Filtered level loaded
Special case:
DRAINING THE TANK
• Turn on the ignition tank empty and filler cap fitted. Waiting for cap to close
• Turn on the ignition.
• Cap opened.
• Add fuel and close cap
No additive
Fuel additive injection Additive for 0.5 litres Fuel additive injection
injection
Calculate the
additive injection
Maintenance
with the tool
Calculation of the
number of pulses
If V > 20km
Activate the
injection pump
ADDITIVE MANAGEMENT
REGENERATION MANAGEMENT
69 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
REGENERATION MANAGEMENT
Atmospheric
pressure
Regeneration
request
Normal
functioning
SPECIAL RANGES
900 mbar
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
900 mbar
DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE
Δ Py
mbar mbar
IMPORTANT : For the same quantity of cerine and for the same vehicle distance covered, the differential
pressure may be different.
In all cases, after regeneration, the cerine is heated and pushed to the end of the filter.
75 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
REGENERATION MANAGEMENT
Filter monitoring
Upline gases T°
ASSISTANCE
Additive qty
Efficiency monitoring
76 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Minimum distance
covered since last
regeneration
PD monitoring
Kms between each
LA regeneration
Engine speed
OR ≥ a threshold
Coolant Differential
temperature pressure ∆ Pn
≥ 60°C
ASSISTANCE
78 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
ASSISTANCE
3. Heating of
inlet air
Turbo
Regulated mode
4. Post-injection
79 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Filter monitoring
ASSISTANCE
Post-injection
Effect
T° Upline
and T° Downline LEVEL 1
LEVEL 2
80 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Note :
Not with DT17TED4 engine
81 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
LEVEL 1
Main injection
Post-injection
Pilot
injection
Post-injection delay
82 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Post-injection
delay
Increases
catalytic
post-combustion
83 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Activation
N1 ≥ N2
Post-injection
Activation
Regeneration
Soot combustion (random duration)
ΔP ΔP
ΔPy ≥ ΔPn ΔPy = ΔPz
Post-injection Qv Qv
IMPORTANT :
In both cases (ΔPn and N1) it is possible for post-injection to be interrupted (example: vehicle stopped),
in this case, regeneration assistance will recommence from the start.
85 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
ΔP
N3 is equal to the distance covered at which the economic monitoring range starts.
ΔPn
ΔP
x
• activated when the filter degree of clogging is low
• or distance covered point (N) is close.
ΔPx equal to the differential pressure at which the economic monitoring range starts
86 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
CYLINDER PRESSURE
TIME
REFRESHERS
IMPROVEMENTS
• minimise over-consumption,
OPTIMISE
SUCCESS RATE
• engine protection,
PF back-pressure,
oil dilution by the diesel fuel.
90 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Calculate the
CURRENT DRIVING CONDITIONS quantity of soot
Town, Open road… 1
=> success rate CAPACITY
=> Opportunities
2 CONSUMPTION
SUPERVISOR
• Future driving
conditions
Decides to assist
• Frequencies
ASSISTANCE
Efficiency monitoring
91 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
REGENERATION STRATEGIES
Decide, check
Decision
module
Regeneration
DIAGNOSTIC Functions request
module module cut-off
PF status, degree
of clogging
Downgraded
modes
92 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Specific gas
Downline gas T°
flow
Atmospheric
pressure
Filter
Soot volume
degree of clogging
CALCULATION OF A
REGENERATION SUCCESS PROBABILITY
96 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Decide / check 1
Decision
module
3 2 Regeneration
DIAGNOSTIC Functions request
module module cut-off
PF status, degree
of clogging
Downgraded modes
98 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Six indicators:
1. filter load,
2. consumption
3. driving,
4. history,
Five decision-making rules:
5. functions,
6. state of PF. 1. consumption,
2. ensure regeneration,
3. PF and engine protection,
4. management of assistance time,
5. downgraded modes:
standard distance.
Favourable event.
URBAN DRIVING Type of road mountain
or motorway
Degree of Degree of
Degree of clogging
clogging 61 % clogging 81 %
96 % or 33 gr
or 20 gr or 23 gr Very favourable event
1235 km Mountain or motorway type
785 km 1043 km
61 % or 20 gr 70 % 26 gr 96 % or 33 gr
ROAD 1,227 km 1,396 km 1,931 km
MOTORWAY 61 % or 20 gr 70 % 26 gr 96 % or 33 gr
1316 km 1657 km 2071 km
FUNCTIONING SAFETY :
SECURITY
Maximum clogging limit
Example at 80 000 Km
101 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
filter clogged
filter overloaded
NOTE:
Theses states
are read with
the diagnostic
tool, under
parameter intermediate state
measurement.
filter holed
ESSENTIAL : If a "filter clogged" fault is present, the reason for clogging must be found, as
the filter may become damaged.
102 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Filter monitoring
Filter status
Effect on
ASSISTANC
Post-injection E LEVEL 3
T° > 480°C
LEVEL 1
Triggering of
catalytic conversion
T° Upline
Downline T° < 250 C°
LEVEL 2
T°: > 250°C < 480°C
103 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
DIAGNOSTIC
105 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
DIAGNOSTIC
Acquisition
Test Apply
of fault the validity of the The Downgraded mode
Memorise
the information in downgraded Inform
the driver
mode
DIAGNOSTIC
DRIVER
INFORMATION
SERVICE LIGHT
PF OVERLOAD PICTOGRAM
107 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
reduced flow
• pressure
• particle filter clogged or holed
108 / 116
PARTICLE FILTER TECHNOLOGY
Gauge fault
Inefficient regeneration
PF SUMMARY
PF SUMMARY
Two regeneration
Modules Examples of systems
supervisors :
Counter resetting
YES CHANGING
NO
THE PF
YES ADDITIVE
NO YES
ADDITIVE
FILLING FILLING
GLOSSARY