Internet of Things|

A Place Where
Machines talk to
Machines
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are
provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network
without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

A thing, in the Internet of Things, can be a person with a heart monitor

implant, a farm animal with a bio-chip transponder, an automobile that has built-
in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low -- or any other natural or
man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and provided with the
ability to transfer data over a network.
Architecture of IoT
Sensor Layer

 Lowest Abstraction Layer

 Incorporated to measure physical quantities
 Interconnects the physical and digital world
 Collects and process the real time information
 Gateway and Network Layer

 Robust and High performance network

infrastructure
 Supports the communication requirements
for latency, bandwidth or security
 Allows multiple organizations to share and
use the same network independently
 Management Service Layer

 Capturing of periodic sensory data

 Data Analytics (Extracts relevant information
from massive amount of raw data)
 Streaming Analytics ( Process real time data)
 Ensures security and privacy of data.
 Application Layer

 Provides a user interface for using IoT.

 Different applications for various sectors
like Transportation, Healthcare, Agriculture,
Supply chains, Government, Retail etc.
 Major Challenges

 Big Data Explosion

 Countless components
 Security & Privacy
 Advanced Internet Protocol
 Power efficiency
IOT- Enabling Technologies

RFID Sensor Smart Tech Nano Tech

To identify To collect To enhance To make the

and track and process the power of smaller and
the data of the data to the network by smaller
things detect the devolving things have
changes in processing the ability to
the physical capabilities to connect and
status of different part interact.
things of the
network.
 Applications of IOT
Regional Office Biosensor taken by people

House Network Equipment in public place

Transportation Vehicle Virtual Environment

Scenario: Smart Home
Scenario: E-Healthcare
Scenario: Smart Cars
Scenario: Smart Farms
Major Components of IOT: (Client Server Model)

Client
Server
NETWORK
Network

Client machine
Server machine
Socket programming- Flow
socket() socket()

bind()
connect()

listen() Server
Client
send()
accept()
wait for connection
recv() request from next
recv()
.. client

.
send()

close() close()
What is Machine to Machine
(M2M) Communication?

The Machine to Machine

concept(communications inter-
machines) implies the association of
information and communication
technologies (ICT), smart and
communicating objects, as well as
specialized software to interact, with
the enterprise’s information system,
without human intervention.
What Connects Internet of things…?

 IOT Standard Protocols

Protocols

• TCP 22&23 port no

• UDP22&23 port no
TCP Vs UDP
 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the Internet of Things is closer to being implemented than the average person would
think. Most of the necessary technological advances needed for it have already been made, and
some manufacturers and agencies have already began implementing a small-scale version of it.
The main reasons why it has not truly been implemented is the impact it will have on the legal,
ethical, security and social fields. Workers could potentially abuse it, hackers could potentially
access it, corporations may not want to share their data, and individual people may not like the
complete absence of privacy. For these reasons, the Internet of Things may very well be pushed
back longer than it truly needs to be.
Thank You
Have Fun ;)