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Administrasi Kontrak

(3.Klaim & Penyelesaian Sengketa


Konstruksi)
Garner (2004) [16] “A demand for money,
property, or a legal remedy to which one
asserts a right”

Hardjomuljadi et al (2006) [17] “Klaim


adalah suatu tindakan seseorang untuk
meminta sesuatu, dimana hak seseorang
tersebut telah hilang sebelumnya, karena
yang bersangkutan beranggapan
CLAIM mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkannya
kembali”.

Martin and Law (2006) [18] “Claim is A


demand for a remedy or ascertain of a
right, especially the right to take a
particular case to court”

© Dr.Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
Arditi and Patel (1989) [20]
“ Most of the typical claims are caused by
CLAIM factors differing site conditions”.

Barrie & Paulson (1992) [22] “Changed


conditions when the actual physical
conditions or other jobsite condition prove
different from those foreseeable from the
plans and specifications”

Hanvey (2005) [19]“ One of the most


common issues impacting construction
projects is inadequate or incomplete
design documents”

Fisk (2003) [21] “Differing site conditions is the one of the most
misunderstood of all contract provisions, and the one that is
frequently the cause of large contractor claims for additional work
and change orders”.

© Dr.Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
MODIFIED CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT BY THE EMPLOYER
Employer’s Reason : To avoid the Contract’s Cost Overrun

CLAIMS

WON BY CONTRACTOR WON BY EMPLOYER

INCREASE OF CONTRACT PRICE CONTRACT PRICE NOT INCREASE

POSSIBLY BAD QUALITY POSSIBLY PROJECT


COMPLETION DELAY

IMPACT TO THE EMPLOYER DELAY IN OPERATION OF THE PREMISES


FOR REVENUE

© Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
(The action of demanding something, which one lost
before hand, because of one’s right to recover it).
Hardjomuljadi et al (2006)

Gambaran sederhana adalah


seseorang yang
mempergunakan jasa
angkutan udara akan
menyerahkan bagasinya
kepada perusahaan
penerbangan untuk
selanjutnya mengklaim
kembali bagasinya (baggage
claim) pada saat sampai
ditempat tujuan penerbangan

© Dr. Sarwono Hardjomuljadi


Contractual Claims
Klaim konstruksi di mana kontraktor secara nyata
memang berhak di bayar dengan cara reimbursement
dan secasra jelas mermpunyai dasar legal yang
tercantum dalam kontrak seperti misalnya klaim
upc.

Non-Contractual Claims
Klaim konsatruklsui yang cara penyelesaiannya
secara spesifik tidak diretapkan dalam kontrak,
misalnya klaim, karena perubahan nilai tukar., ex
gratia claims.

© Dr. Sarwono Hardjomuljadi


EMPLOYER’S CLAIM
FIDIC MDB 2010 Clause 2.5
Employer’s Claims
If the Employer considers himself to be entitled to any payment under
any Clause of these Conditions or otherwise in connection with the
Contract, and/or to any extension of the Defects Notification Period, the
Employer or the Engineer shall give notice and particulars to the
Contractor. However, notice is not required for payments due under Sub-
Clause 4.19 [Electricity, Water and Gas], under Sub-Clause 4.20
[Employer’s Equipment and Free-Issue Materials], or for other services
requested by the Contractor.
The notice shall be given as soon as practicable, of the event or
circumstances giving rise to the claim. A notice relating to any extension
of the Defects Notification Period shall be given before the expiry of
such period.
FIDIC MDB 20 Clause 2.5 Employer’s Claims
If the Employer considers himself to be entitled to any payment under any
Clause of these Conditions or otherwise in connection with the Contract,
and/or to any extension of the Defects Notification Period, the Employer or
the Engineer shall give notice and particulars to the Contractor. However,
notice is not required for payments due under Sub-Clause 4.19 [Electricity,
Water and Gas], under Sub-Clause 4.20 [Employer’s Equipment and Free-
Issue Materials], or for other services requested by the Contractor.

The notice shall be given as soon as practicable and no longer than 28


days after the Employer became aware, or should have become
aware, of the event or circumstances giving rise to the claim. A notice
relating to any extension of the Defects Notification Period shall be given
before the expiry of such period.
CONTRACTOR’S CLAIM
Clause 20
Claims, Disputes and Arbitration

20.1
Contractor’s Claims
If the Contractor considers himself to be entitled to any extension of
the Time for Completion and/or any additional payment, under any
Clause of these Conditions or otherwise in connection with the
Contract, the Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer, describing
the event or circumstance giving rise to the claim. The notice shall be
given as soon as practicable, and not later than 28 days after the
Contractor became aware, or should have become aware, of the event
or circumstance.

- Hak kontraktor untuk mengajukan klaim EOT & Additional Payment


- Pembeitahuan atas kemungkinan klaim dan batas waktu penyampaiannya.

© Dr. Sarwono Hardjomuljadi


Clause 20
Claims, Disputes and Arbitration
20.1
Contractor’s Claims
The Contractor shall keep such contemporary records as may be
necessary to substantiate any claim, either on the Site or at another
location acceptable to the Engineer. Without admitting the Employer’s
liability, the Engineer may, after receiving any notice under this Sub-
Clause, monitor the record-keeping and/or instruct the Contractor to keep
further contemporary records. The Contractor shall permit the
Engineer to inspect all these records, and shall (if instructed) submit
copies to the Engineer.

- Tentang catatan lengkap (contemporary record).


- Hak Enjinir untuk memeriksa catatan
Clause 20
Claims, Disputes and Arbitration

20.1
Contractor’s Claims
Each Payment Certificate shall include such additional payment for any
claim as have been reasonably substantiated as due under the relevant
provision of the Contract.
Unless and until the particulars supplied are sufficient to substantiate the
whole of the claim, the Contractor shall only be entitled to payment for
such part of the claim as he has been able to substantiate.

- SetiapBA Pembayaran harus termasuk tambahan biaya klaim, dalam hal


belum dapat disetujui, diberi tanda bintang.
20.2
Appointment of the Dispute Board

Disputes shall be referred to a DB for decision in accordance with


Sub-Clause 20.4[Obtaining Dispute Board’s Decision]. The Parties
shall appoint a DB by the date stated in the Contract Data.
The DB shall comprise, as stated in the Contract Data, either one or
three suitablyqualified persons (“the members”), each of whom shall
be fluent in the language forcommunication defined in the Contract
and shall be a professional experienced in thetype of construction
involved in the Works and with the interpretation of
contractualdocuments. If the number is not so stated and the Parties
do not agree otherwise, the DB shall comprise three persons.

- Tentang Penunjukan Dewan Sengketa


Clauses requiring notice by the Contractor (1)

1.8 Care and Supply of Documents


1.9 Delayed Drawings or Instructions
1.13 Compliance with Laws
2.1 Right of Access to the Site
3.4 Replacement of the Engineer
4.3 Contractor’s Representative
4.4 Subcontractors
4.7 Setting Out
4.12 Unforeseeable Physical Conditions
4.16 Transport of Goods
4.20 Employer’s Equipment and Free-Issue Materials
4.21 Progress Reports
4.24 Fossils
Clauses requiring notice by the Contractor (2)

5.2 Objection to Nomination


7.3 Inspection
7.4 Testing
8.3 Programme
8.4 Extension of Time for Completion
8.9 Consequences of Suspension
8.11 Prolonged Suspension
9.1 Contractor’s Obligations [Tests on Completion]
9.2 Delayed Tests
10.1 Taking Over of the Works and Sections
10.2 Taking Over of Parts of the Works
10.3 Interference with Tests on Completion
12.1 Works to be Measured
Clauses requiring notice by the Contractor (3)

12.4 Omissions
13.1 Right to Vary
13.7 Adjustments for Changes in Legislation
16.1 Contractor’s Entitlement to Suspend Work
16.2 Termination by Contractor
17.4 Consequences of Employer’s Risks
17.5 Intellectual and Industrial Property Rights
18.1 General Requirements for Insurances
18.2 Insurance for Works and Contractor’s Equipment
19.2 Notice of Force Majeure
19.3 Duty to Minimise Delay
19.6 Optional Termination, Payment and Release
19.7 Release from Performance
20.1 Contractor’s Claims
20.4 Obtaining Dispute Board’s Decision
Related Regulation in Indonesia
Undang-undang No. 30 / 1999
Re: Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa

Bab I Ketentuan Umum Pasal 1 Butir 10


Alternatif Penyelesaian sengketa adalah lembaga penyelesaian sengketa atau beda
pendapat melalui prosedur yang disepakati para pihak, yaitu penyelesaian di luar
pengadilan dengan cara konsultasi, negosiasi, konsiliasi, atau penilaian ahli.

Bab II Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa PAsal 6 Butir 1


Sengketa atau beda pendapat perdata dapat diselesaikan oleh para pihak melalui
alternatif penyelesaian sengketa yang didasarkan pada itikad baik dengan
mengesampingkan penyelesaian secara litigasi di Pengadilan Negeri.

Bab II Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa PAsal 6 Butir 7


Kesepakatan penyelesaian sengketa atau beda pendapat secara tertulis adalah final dan
mengikat para pihak untuk dilaksanakan dengan itikad baik serta wajib didaftarkan di
Pengadilan negeri dalam waktu paling lama 30 hari sejak tanggal penandatanganan.

Catatan:
Undang-undang ini mengatur penyelesaian sengketa yang secara tegas mencantumkan
dalam perjanjian kontraknya bahwa semua sengketa atau beda pendapat yang timbul
atau mungkin timbul dari hubungan hukum tersebut akan diselesaikan dengan cara
arbitrase atau melalui alternatif penyelesaian sengketa.
Related Regulation
FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction MDB Harmonised Ed. 2010
Clause 20 Claims, Disputes and Arbitration

Clause 20 Point 2 Appointment of the Dispute Board


The DB shall comprise, as stated in the Contract Data, either one or three
suitably qualified persons (“the members”), each of whom shall be fluent in the
language for communication defined in the Contract and shall be a professional
experienced in the type of construction involved in the Works and with the
interpretation of contractual documents. If the number is not so stated and the
Parties do not agree otherwise, the DB shall comprise three persons.
If the parties have not jointly appointed the DB 21 days before the date stated
in the Contract Data and the DB is comprise three persons, each Party shall
nominate one member for the approval of the other Party. The first two
members shall recommend and the Parties shall agree upon the third member,
who shall act as chairman.
Related Regulation
FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Plant and Design Bulid 1999
Clause 20 Claims, Disputes and Arbitration

Clause 20 Point 2 Appointment of the Dispute Board


The DB shall comprise, as stated in the Appendix to Tender, either one or
three suitably qualified persons (“the members”), If the number is not so
stated and the Parties do not agree otherwise, the DAB shall comprise three
p[ersons.
.
If the DAB is to comprise three persons, each Party shall nominate one
member for the approval of the other Party. The Parties shall consult both
these members and shall agree upon the third member, who shall be
appointed to act as chairman.
Related Regulation
FIDIC Conditions of Contract for EPC/Turnkey 1999
Clause 20 Claims, Disputes and Arbitration

Clause 20 Point 2 Appointment of the Dispute Board


The DB shall comprise, as stated in the Particular Conditions, either one or
three suitably qualified persons (“the members”), If the number is not so
stated and the Parties do not agree otherwise, the DAB shall comprise three
persons.
.
If the DAB is to comprise three persons, each Party shall nominate one
member for the approval of the other Party. The Parties shall consult both
these members and shall agree upon the third member, who shall be
appointed to act as chairman.
84 days Clause 20,
(Clause 20.4 Para Claims, Disputes and
Fail to 5) DB/DRB/
DAB
Arbitration
decide

84 days
(Clause 20.4 Para 4)

Agree
Decision d Final and
binding
28 days Disagreed 28 days
(Clause 20.4 Para 5) (Clause 20.4 Para 5)
Yes
Notice of
Dissatisfication to Amicable
other Party Setlement

56 days No
(Clause 20.5 Para 1)

Commence
of Arbitration

© Sarwono Hardjomuljadi
AKHIR SESI 3:

TERIMA KASIH

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