ARDUINO BASED AUTOMATIC

WIRELESS WEATHER STATION WITH

REMOTE GRAPHICAL
APPLICATION AND ALERTS
Authors:
Hardeep Singh Saini
Abhishek Thakur
Satinderpal Ahuja
Naveen Kumar
Nitant Sabharwal
 OUTLINE
• Introduction
• Problem Formulation
• Objective
• Proposed Design
• Block Diagram
• Results
• Comparison with Previous Work
• Conclusion
• Future Scope
• References
 INTRODUCTION
• A weather station is that facility on
land or sea, which has the
instruments and devices for
observing and measuring
atmospheric parameters to
provide the information for
weather forecasts.
• Weather monitoring has been
very important to man over
centuries. Weather parameters
are the basic tools which can be
used to predict the weather.
 INTRODUCTION
Typical weather stations have the following instruments:
• Thermometer for measuring air temperature
• Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure
• Hygrometer for measuring humidity
• Anemometer for measuring wind speed
• Wind Vane Sensor for measuring wind direction
• Rain gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set
period of time.
 INTRODUCTION
• Automatic wireless weather
stations make use of digital
sensors and microcontroller
technology to take the
measurements.
• Automatic wireless weather
stations are small in size
and easy to install and they
also save the manpower.
 INTRODUCTION
• The proposed system measures
the real time weather
parameters automatically.
• It uses low cost high precision
calibrated digital sensors for
accurate data measurements.
• This system can record the data
and host it on the internet for
remote viewing of weather
conditions.
• And it generates the short term
local alerts based on current
weather conditions.
 PROBLEM FORMULATION
• Meteorological instruments are very expensive in India,
resulting in low resolution of stations.
• There is a need of low cost and high accuracy systems which
can be used to improve the monitoring over a wide area with
high resolution.
• Today in hospitals, agriculture and for learnings purposes, the
accurate local environmental parameters are needed.
Hence a low cost high precision model can solve this
problem.
 OBJECTIVE
Objective of this work is :

• The aim of this project is to set up and run a completely

automatic low cost weather station with GUI and web hosting
facility.

• To achieve a good accuracy of results with a correlation factor

of atleast 0.7 while being compared with the readings of some
weather stations established in India.

• Weather monitoring, condition mapping and generating

weather alerts & warn the people from its disastrous effects like
tornado, tsunami or cloud bursts etc.
 PROPOSED DESIGN
Hardware Specifications

List of Sensors:

1. Temperature Sensor:
BMP085 & SHT21

2. Pressure sensor: BMP085

3. Humidity Sensor: SHT21

4. Wind Speed Sensor: Reed

Switch Anemometer

5. Wind Vane Sensor:

Potentiometer Based Wind
Vane Mechanism
 PROPOSED DESIGN
Hardware Specifications

Components:

1. Arduino Uno Board with

USB

2. ZigBee (XBee) Radio –(2

Units)

3. ZigBee Explore (USB)

4. ZigBee Shield

5. JHD204A LCD

6. Power Supply (9-12V DC

or USB Power 5.0V)
 PROPOSED DESIGN
Developed Hardware

Wind Vane
Mechanism

ZigBee Wireless
Radio
Anemometer LCD onboard
Display

Arduino Board,
Connections &
Sensors
 PROPOSED DESIGN
Software Specifications

 LabVIEW (short for Laboratory Virtual

Instrument Engineering Workbench) is a
system-design platform and development
environment for a visual programming
language from National Instruments.

 We have used LabVIEW 2012.

 LabVIEW is commonly used for data

acquisition, instrument control and industrial
automation on a variety of platforms.
 PROPOSED DESIGN
Software Specifications

• The proposed graphical application is developed in

LabVIEW platform is a standalone application for
windows PC.
• The application shows the real-time values of measured
parameters and has a capability to log it.
• It also has a capability to host the screenshots on the
internet through a webpage so that we can view it and
get the alerts online, anytime and anywhere, even from
our mobile device.
• The Zigbee wireless technology used between
hardware and PC has a wide range maximum of 9 km.
PROPOSED DESIGN
User Interface of the Proposed Application
 Block Diagram

PC with
Graphical Internet Cloud
Application

ZigBee with
USB
Connection

ZigBee
Wireless
Link
LCD Module
ZigBee
Wireless
Module

SHT21 Wind
Humidity Vane
Sensor Sensor

BMP085 Wind
Pressure Speed
Sensor Sensor
ArduinoUno
ATMega328 u-Controller
 RESULTS

Screenshot of the running real-time Webpage

 RESULTS
Correlation Factor = 0.92
Temperature Data
40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

MCC Data Instrument Data

 RESULTS
Correlation Factor = 0.86

Pressure Data
976

974

972

970

968

966

964
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

SASE data Instrument Data

 RESULTS
Correlation Factor = 0.98
Humidity Data
90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

MCC Data Instrument Data

Correlation Factor = 0.98 RESULTS
WindNRose
45.00%
NNW NNE
40.00%
35.00%
NW NE
30.00%
25.00%
20.00%
WNW ENE
15.00%
10.00%
5.00%
W 0.00% E

WSW ESE

SW SE

(0-4> (4-8>
SSW SSE
S
(8-12> (12-16>

Wind Speed is in km/h

 COMPARISON WITH PREVIOUS WORK
Comparison with previous work (M. Haefke, S. C. Mukhopadhyay and H. Ewald [IEEE, 2011])
Sr. No. Existing Proposed

1 A weather station made of the temperature, A weather station made of temperature, humidity, pressure
relative humidity, pressure and sunlight. It and wind speed & wind direction sensors embedded in a
sends the data to a central station using microcontroller based board. It sends the data to a central
Zigbee which stores, and displays the data. station using Zigbee which stores, displays the data.

2 No facility of hosting the information is We can host the data to internet for remote viewing.
present.

2 GUI is graph and text based. GUI is very attractive and user friendly consisting of analog
meters, digital meters, buttons, background graphics and
graph of the parameters.

3 GUI is developed using C# and captures the GUI is developed using LabVIEW2012 and captures serial
serial communication. communication.

4 No facility of short time alerts is given. It calculates the real time weather parameters to generate
the short time local alerts.
 CONCLUSION
• We have developed and set-up a low cost
Zigbee based wireless automatic weather
monitoring system with high accuracy.
• The results are very good with a correlation factor
greater than 0.85, while compared with the
readings of Meteorological Centre Chandigarh
and Snow and Avalanche Study Establishment
Chandigarh Laboratory.
• Data logging facility is working and it saves the
data in a file compatible with MS Excel.
• System is able to generate short term alerts and
web hosting is successfully tested.
 FUTURE SCOPE
The features which can be developed in the future are:
• One can implement a few more sensors and connect it
to the satellite as a global feature of this system.
• Long time (> 7days) weather forecasting by using
Zigbee Mesh Technology and covering larger area.
• In aircraft, navigation and military there is a great
scope of this real-time system.
• It can also be implemented in hospitals or medical
institutes for the research & study in “Effect of Weather
on Health and Diseases”, hence to provide better
precaution alerts.
 REFERENCES
• Babar Khan (2012), ‘Wireless sensor networking using
AADI Sensors with WSN Coverage’, Master Thesis
Telemark University College.
• Beniston, Martin (1998), ‘From Turbulence to Climate:
Numerical Investigations of the Atmosphere with a
Hierarchy of Models’ Berlin: Springer
• Blair, Thomas A., and Robert C. Fite 1965, ‘Weather
Elements. Englewood Cliffs’, N.J.: Prentice-Hall
• C. Hartung, R. Han (2006), ‘FireWxNet: A Multi-tiered
Portable Wireless System for Monitoring Weather
Conditions in Wildland Fire Environments’, In Proc. of 4th
International Conference on Mobile Systems,
Applications and Services, pp. 28-41
 REFERENCES
• Columbia-Weather (June 3, 2010), ‘Pegasus EX
PortableWeather Station - Columbia WeatherSystems,
Inc.’, http://www.columbiaweather.com/Pegasus EX-
Brochure.pdf
• G.Hoogenboom and D.D Gresham (April,1997), ‘Auto
weather station network’, Proceeding of the 1997
Georgia water resource Conference. Athens, vol.1,pp
:483-486
• K. Martinez, J. K. Hart, and R. Ong (2004),
‘Environmental Sensor Networks’, IEEE Computer, 38(8),
pp.50–56,
• M. Haefke, S. C. Mukhopadhyay! and H. Ewald (2011),
‘A Zigbee Based Smart Sensing Platform for Monitoring
Environmental Parameters’, IEEE
 REFERENCES
• Mircea Popa, Member IEEE, and Catalin Iapa (2011),
‘Embedded Weather Station with Remote Wireless
Control’, 19th Telecommunications forum TELFOR, IEEE
• Muthoni MASINDE, Antoine BAGULA, Muthama NZIOKA
(2013), ‘SenseWeather: Sensor-Based Weather
Monitoring System for Kenya’, www.IST-
Africa.org/Conference2013
• N. Kotamäki, S. Thessler, J. Koskiaho, A.O. Hannukkala,
H. Huitu, T. Huttula, J. Havento, M. Järvenpää (2009),
‘Wireless in-situ Sensor Network for Agriculture and
Water Monitoring on a River Basin Scale in Southern
Finland: Evaluation from a Data User’s Perspective’,
Sensors, 9, pp.2862-2883