FIBRE OPTICS IN

COMMUNICATION
GROUP MEMBER

NUR SYAZWANI BT SALIHON

SITI NOORBAINI BT MAT SAID
SHERIL AMILIA BT HAJAH MAIDIN
SYAFIQAH BT SHAHRUZZAMAN
RAFIZAH BT MOHD YAHYA
NABILA AINI BT ABDUL RAHMAN
CHAPTER 1
 Background
In this new era, we need a technology to improve our life


style. We have come out with a new idea than can make our
life more efficient that is fiber optics.


Fiber optic is the overlap of applied science and



engineering concerned with the design and application of

optical fibers. The introduction of fiber optic technology has
had a dramatic effect on the Communications industry.


Generally, this fiber optic is used for transfer data



transmitted on a beam of light which is more effective than

before.

 Objective
 The objectives of this research was to
discuss more on the process of fibre optic, the
uses conventional information transfer system,
the application of the optical fiber, the
manufactured of the optical fibre and the
advantages of fibre optic.

 Scope

Our research project will focus more on the
application of the optical fibre, the uses
conventional information transfer system, how
fibre optic operate (the process), and the
manufactured of the optical fibre and the
advantages of fibre optic. The investigation
includes laboratory model tests on fibre optic
that are conducted by previous scientist.

 Organization

The first part of this report is an outline of the
process of fibre optic which includes how it works and
operates. We will insert the laboratory model test that is
conducted by previous scientist. This is followed by the
uses of the conventional information transfer system
that are closely related to fibre optic since it is used in
telecommunication. Then, we will discuss on the
application and manufactured of fibre optic in
telecommunication system. Finally, we will discuss
about the important topic which are the advantages of
fibre optic.

CHAPTER 2
 Process of fiber optic
Fiber-optic communication is a method of
transmitting information from one place to
another by sending light through an optical
fiber.

The light forms an electromagnetic carrier
wave that is modulated to carry
information. Standard optical fibers are
made by first constructing a large-diameter
perform, with a carefully controlled
refractive index profile, and then pulling the
perform to form the long, thin optical fiber.

The process of communicating using
fiber-optics involves the following basic
steps:
•Creating the optical signal using a
transmitter.
•Relaying the signal along the fiber.
•Ensuring that the signal does not
become too distorted or weak.
•Receiving the optical signal and
converting it into an electrical signal.
•
•
•
The application of the optical fiber
• Fibre optic was able to use for a long-distance communication
because of its ability to propagate through the fibre with little
attenuation.
• This fibre has been used as a data transmission whereas it was
involve with the transmission of voice, data, or video over a
 distance of less than a meter to hundred kilometers by using only a
few standard fibre designs.
• Besides that, fibre optics is also used widely for transmission of
data signal. Private networks such as used in banks, university, or
a big firms used fibre optic in order need for secure in
transmission data or private information between building to the
computer, and around the world.
• In addition, fibre optic is also useful for video services. The high
information-carrying capacity or bandwidth of fibre makes it the
perfect choice for transmitting signals to subscribers.
 The advantages of fiber optic
 There are several advantages over traditional
metal communication lines which are fiber optic
cables have a much greater bandwidth than
metal cables. This means that they can carry
more data.
 Furthermore, fiber optic cables are much thinner
and lighter than metal wires and also there are
less susceptible than metal cables to
interference. Means, data can be transmitted
digitally (the natural form for computer data)
rather than analogically.
 In addition, telephone companies are steadily
replacing traditional telephone lines with fiber
optic cables. Others advantages of optical fiber
Next, optical fiber has long lengths which is
continuous lengths also provide
advantages for installers and end-users.
Small diameters make it practical to
manufacture and install much longer
lengths than for metallic cables.
Another advantage of fiber optic is related
to its security which is unlike metallic-
based systems, the dielectric nature of
optical fiber makes it impossible to
remotely detect the signal being
transmitted within the cable.
A fiber optic has easy installation and
upgrades. Long lengths make optical cable
installation much easier and less
CHAPTER 3
According to
the statistics, the
students among
2Bent were
familiar with
new a
technology that
is fiber optics
since the results
that they had
heard about
fiber optics are
37 out of 50.
Bar chart
above shows
that 34 out of
50 students
are alert to the
importance of
fiber optics.
Based on the pie
chart above, the
highest percentage
performance of
fiber optics in
telecommunication
systems is
significant that is
40%.
The pyramid above


shows the percentage

regarding the application
of fiber optics. The
highest percentage is 58%
were chosen by the 2-
BENT students that they
consider the fiber optics
normally used in
communication. Then it
follow by fiber optics
used as a remote sensing
show 23% and lastly 19%
fiber optics used in a light
guides in medical.
 O p in io n a b o u t F ib e r O p tic
-B EA NmTo ns tu
g 2d e n t The Bar chart
above shows the
35
opinion of the 2-
30 BENT students
about the
25 advantages of
20 fiber optic. It
Ve ry Go o d shows that, most
15 students only
Go o d
10
know the
Do n 't Kn o w advantages of
O
N
.fStuden

5 fiber optic and

only a few of
0
them were aware
Co m m u n icatioRen m o te Se n sin gM e d ical
about the other
Type of Advantages of Fiber O ptic used of fiber
optics in others
scope.
CHAPTER 4
4.1 JUSTIFICATION THE
OBJCTIVE
The intent of this research is to discuss more
about fiber optics in communication systems.
Our research has revealed the process of fiber
optic with its manufactured and also uses of it
in conventional information transfer system.
We also discover out the application and its
advantages. The study gives an insight the
significance of fiber optics in that system.

4.2 REVIEWING THE SCOPE /
METHOD
The objectives were achieved with the method of
archival collection which we use the information
resources from internet, from the electrical book
to do more research about the process, uses, its
manufactured, application and its advantages. We
also do the questionnaire and a little observation
from the internet sources through out of elements
equipment.
4.3 REVIEWING SIGNIFICANT
FINDINGS
As an electronic students, the most significant finding in
this researched was about the important uses of fiber
optic in helping the communication system especially in
telecommunication system that use widely fiber optic.in
this findings, we apply the uses of fibre optic as fiber-
optic communication systems have revolutionized the
telecommunications industry and played a major role in
the advent of the Information Age. Because of its
advantages over electrical transmission, the use of optical
fiber has largely replaced copper wire communications in
core networks in the developed world.

4.4 EXPLANATION OF FINDINGS
This research can be explained by uses of fiber optic in
the communication systems that related in by many
telecommunications companies to transmit telephone
signals, Internet communication, and cable television
signals. This might due to information transmitted is
typically digital information generated by computers,
telephone systems and cable television companies.
Generally, fiber-optic communication systems
include an optical transmitter to convert an electrical
signal into an optical signal to send into the optical
fiber.

4.5 LIMITATION OF STUDIES
Due to this research, this study was limited by some


aspects of uses like fiber optics as sensor which other

application of fiber optics that extensively used
nowadays. We also does not mention the fiber optic cable
splicing, a method joining two optical fiber, it
comparison with electrical transmission and also a fiber
optic connector which has many types.
4.6 INDICATING THE
IMPLICATION
This finding of the study implies that fiber optic very
important in the communication system because without
it in that system, we still use the metal wire which has a
lot disadvantages. More over, in local area networks,
telephone companies are steadily replacing traditional
telephone lines with fiber optic cables. In the future,
almost all communications will employ fiber optics.
4.7 MAKING
RECOMMENDATIONS
We recommend that, in further studies, we could
include the application of fiber optics in different
field that using this fiber optics. Furthermore, uses in
fiber optics give a lot convenience in our technology
systems. We also hope that fiber optics will replaced
all the metal cable in future and we will make the
fiber optics is one of necessary in future technologies
by keep on increase the application of this fiber
optics.

Thank You