Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
MANDIBULAR
JOINT
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ANATOMY
3. EMBRYOLOGY
4. HISTOLOGY
5. MUSCULATURE
6. MOVEMENTS
7. FUNCTIONS
8. AGE CHANGES
9. CLINICAL EVALUATION
10. RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION
11. APPLIED ASPECTS
INTRODUCTION
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ), also known as the
craniomandibular joint/articulation is peculiar to mammals.
The TMJ is a diarthroidial synovial paired joint. This means that there are
two joint movements, which occur in separate compartments of this
synovial joint and that one joint cannot operate without the other.
Two parts:
1. The lower or inferior compartment
2. The upper (temporodiscal)
or superior compartment.
SYNOVIAL TISSUE
Is a connective tissue membrane, which lines the joint
cavities or spaces and secretes synovial fluid for
lubrication of the joint.
Accessory Ligaments
Sphenomandibular ligament
stylomandibular ligament
EMBRYOLOGY OF TMJ
TEMPORAL BLASTEMA:
CONDYLAR BLASTEMA:
PHASES IN DEVELOPMENT OF TMJ
STAGES EVENTS
Nerve Supply
Blood Supply
Muscles of Mastication
1. Masseter
2. Temporalis
3. Pterygoid
ACCESORY MUSCLES:
Protrusive movement
Retrusion
Lateral movements
AGE CHANGES IN TMJ
ARTICULAR LAYER
ARTICULAR DISC
Rest Position
Centric Relation
RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION
ANATOMY:
CONVENTIONAL RADIOGRAPH
TRANSCRANIAL VIEW
TRANSPHARYNGEAL VIEW/Infracranial/McQueen Dell
TRANSORBITAL (ZIMMER PROJECTION)
REVERSE TOWNE’S
TOWNE’S VIEW/ANTEROPOSTERIOR VIEW
1. Trauma
a. Dislocation, subluxation
b. Haemarthrosis
c. Intracapsular fracture, extracapsular fracture
2. Internal disc displacement
a. Anterior disc displacement with reduction
b. Anterior disc displacement without reduction
3. Arthritis
a. Osteoarthrosis (degenerative arthritis,
osteoarthritis)
b. Rheumatoid arthritis
c. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
d. Infectious arthritis
4. Developmental defects
a. Condylar agenesis or aplasia—unilateral/bilateral
b. Bifid condyle
c. Condylar hypoplasia
d. Condylar hyperplasia
5. Ankylosis
6. Neoplasms
a. Benign tumours: osteoma, osteochondroma,chondroma
b. Malignant tumours: Chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, synovial
sarcoma.
Masticatory muscle spasm (MPD
syndrome).
Masticatory muscle inflammation
(myositis).
Internal disc displacement
Condylar hyperplasia
Condylar hypoplasia and aplasia:
Bifid Condyle