CONDUCTORS AND WIRING

ACCESSORIES

BAROTILLA, JOSAM B.
BSCE 4A
 COVERAGE

• CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS

• DIFFERENT TYPES OF WIRES AND CABLES
• AMPACITY
 CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS

• CONDUCTORS ARE SUBSTANCE OR

MATERALS USED TO ALLOW THE FLOW OF
THE ELECTRIC CURRENT
• INSULATORS ARE SUBSTANCE OR
MATERIALS USED TO RESIST THE FLOW OF
THE ELECTRIC CURRENT
MATERIALS CONSIDERED AS GOOD ELECTRIC
CONDUCTORS

• SILVER • ZINC
• COPPER • PLATINUM
• ALUMINUM • IRON
• NICKEL • LEAD
• BRASS • TIN
 KINDS OF INSULATORS

• RUBBER • LATEX
• PORCELAIN • ASBESTOS
• VARNISH • PAPER
• SLATE • OIL
• GLASS • WAX
• MICA • THERMOPLASTIC
 WIRES AND CABLES
• WIRES ARE THE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS
WHOSE CROSS SECTIONAL ARE IS 8 MM2
OR LESS.
• A WIRE IS A SINGLE, USUALLY CYLINDRIAL,
FLEXIBLE STRAND OR ROD OF METAL.
• CABLES ON THE OTHER HAND ARE LARGER
THAN THE WIRES.
• WIRES AND CABLES ARE EITHER STRANDED
OR SOLID WIRE
WIRE CABLE
STRANDED WIRE VS. SOLID WIRE
 STRANDED WIRE

• CONSISTS OF A GROUP OF WIRE TWISTS TO

FORM A METALLIC STRING

• CORD IS THE TERM FOR INSULATED

STRANDED WIRE
STRANDED WIRE CORD
 MIL

• MIL IS EQUAL TO ONE-THOUSANDTH OF

AN INCH USED TO DESCRIBE OR MEASURE
A ROUND WIRE DIAMETER

• IF A WIRE HAS A DIAMETER OF ONE MIL, IT

HAS A CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF ONE
MIL
 MIL

• MIL IS EQUAL TO ONE-THOUSANDTH OF

AN INCH USED TO DESCRIBE OR MEASURE
A ROUND WIRE DIAMETER

• IF A WIRE HAS A DIAMETER OF ONE MIL, IT

HAS A CROSS SECTIONAL AREA OF ONE
MIL
TABLE OF CIRCULAR MIL-AREA EQUIVALENT
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BARE CONDUCTORS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES AND ELECTRIC WIRES
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES AND ELECTRIC WIRES
CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED INSULATED CONDUCTORS FOR
GENERAL WIRING
CHARACTERISTICS OF SELECTED INSULATED CONDUCTORS FOR
GENERAL WIRING
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• AROMRED CABLE – IS A FABRICATED

ASSEMBLY OF INSULATED CONDUCTORS
ENCLOSED IN FLEXIBLE METAL SHEATH
• USED ON EXPOSED AND CONCEALED
WORK
ARMORED CABLE
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• METAL CLAD CABLE – IS A FACTORY

ASSEMBLED CABLE OF ONE OR MORE
CONDUCTORS EACH INDIVIDUALLY INSULATED
AND ENCLOSED IN A METALLIC SHEATH OF
INTERLOCKING TAPE OF SMOOTH OR
CORRUGATED TUBE
• IT IS USED FOR SERVICE FEEDERS, BRANCH
CIRCUIT, AND FOR INDOOR OR OUTDOOR WORK
METAL-CLAD CABLE
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES
• MINERAL INSULATED CABLE – IS A FACTORY
ASSEMBLY OF ONE OR MORE CONDUCTORS
INSULATED WITH A HIGHLY COMPRESSED
REFRACTORY MINERAL INSULATION ENCLOSED IN A
LIQUID AND GAS TIGHT CONTINUOUS COPPER
SHEATH.
• USED IN DRY, WET OR CONTINUOUSLY MOIST
LOCATION SUCH AS SERVICE FEEDERS OR BRANCH
CIRCUIT
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• NON-METALLIC SHEATHED CABLE - IS A

FACTORY ASSEMBLY OF TWO OR MORE
INSULATED CONDUCTORS HAVING A MOISTURE
RESISTANT, FLAME RESISTANT, AND NON-
METALLIC MATERIAL OUTER SHEATH.
• THIS TYPE IS USED SPECIFICALLY FOR ONE OR
TWO FAMILY DWELLINGS NOT EXCEEDING 3
STOREY BUILDINGS
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES
• SHIELDED NON-METALLIC SHEATHED CABLE –
FACTORY ASSEMBLY OF TWO OR MORE
INSULATED CONDUCTORS IN AN EXTRUDED
CORE OF MOISTURE RESISTANT AND FLAME
RETARDANT MATERIAL COVERED WITHIN AN
OVERLAPPING SPIRAL METAL TAPE
• THIS TYPE IS USED IN HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS
AND IN CABLE TRAYS OR IN RACEWAYS
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• UNDERGROUND FEEDER AND BRANCH CIRCUIT

CABLE – IS MOISTURE RESISTANT CABLE USED FOR
UNDERGROUND CONNECTIONS INCLUDING
DIRECT BURIAL IN THE GROUND AS FEEDER OR
BRANCH CIRCUIT
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• SERVICE ENTRANCE CABLE – IS OF TYPES OF SE

AND USE. A SINGLE OR MULTI CONDUCTOR
ASSEMBLY PROVIDED WITH OR WITHOUT
OVERALL COVERING PRIMARILY USED FOR
SERVICE WIRE
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES
• POWER AND CONTROL TRAY CABLE – THIS IS A
FACTORY ASSEMBLED TWO OR MORE INSULATED
CONDUCTORS WITH OR WITHOUT ASSOCIATED
BARE OR COVERED GROUNDING UNDER A
METALLIC SHEATH.
• THIS IS USED FOR INSTALLATION IN CABLE TRAYS,
RACEWAYS, OR WHERE IT IS SUPPORTED BY
MESSENGER WIRE
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• FLAT CABLE ASSEMBLIES – IS AN ASSEMBLY OF

PARALLEL CONDUCTORS FORMED INTEGRALLY
WITH AN INSULATING MATERIAL WEB DESIGNED
FOR FIELD INSTALLATIONIN METAL SURFACE OR
RACEWAYS
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• FLAT CONDUCTOR CABLE – CONSIST OF THREE OR

MORE FLAT COPPER CONDUCTOR PLACED EDGE TO
EDGE SEPARATED AND ENCLOSED WITHIN AN
INSULATING ASSEMBLY.
• THIS TYPE OF CABLE IS USED FOR GENERAL PUPOSES
SUCH AS: APPLIANCE BRANCH CIRCUITS, AND FOR
INDIVIDUAL BRANCH CIRCUITS, ESPECIALLY IN HARD
SMOOTH CONTINUOUS FLOOR SURFACE AND THE
LIKE
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CABLES

• MEDIUM VOLTAGE CABLES – IS A SINGLE

OR MULTI-CONDUCTOR SOLID DIELECTRIC
INSULATED CABLE RATED AT 2000 VOL;TS
OR HIGHER.
• THIS TYPE OF CABLE IS USED FOR POWER
SYSTEM UP TO 35000 VOLTS
 AMPACITY OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS

• DEFINED AS THE ABILITY OF THE WIRE TO

CARRY CURRENT WITHOUT OVERHEATING
• CONDUCTOR RESISTANCE TO CURRENT
FLOW, GENERATE NOT ONLY HEAT BUT
ALSO CONTRICUTE TO THE VOLTAGE DROP
EXPRESSED IN THE FOLLOWING EQUATION
 AMPACITY OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS

• VOLTAGE DROP IN WIRE = CIRCUIT CURRENT x

RESISTANCE OF WIRE
• POWER LOSS IN WIRE = CIRCUIT CURRENT x
VOLTAGE DROP
P=IxIxR
P=𝑰𝟐 𝑹
 AMPACITY OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS

• THIS POWER LOSS IS BEING CONVERTED INTO

HEAT, MUST BE DISSIPATED
• A SMALL WIRE DIAMETER CAN BE SAFELY CARRY
MORE CURRENT IN PROPORTION TO WEIGHT
• THE USE OF COPPER WIRE IS MOST PREFERRED
SECTION 3.1.2.1 OF NAT’L ELECTRICAL CODE