Introduction to system

-primary equipment
Contents 2

 Overview
 Thyristor valve banks
 Linear (air core) reactor
 Fixed capacitor bank or
filter bank
 Valve cooling system
 Overview 3

The complete-set SVC system includes these main devices shown

as the pic:
 Overview 4

 Step-down transformer
 Switchgear and circuit breaker
 Capacitor banks/filter banks
 Phase-controlled (air core) reactor
 Overview 5

 Thyristor valve banks

 Pure water cooling system
 Thyristor valve banks 6

The volume (single phase: length×width×height):

10KV: 750×750×1500mm, 200kg
35KV: 850×850×2600mm, 380kg
 Thyristor valve banks 7

• Characteristic
– Main part: thyristor
– Cooling method: pure water cooling system
– triggering mode :opto-electrical triggering.
– simple structure and light weight with small covering
area,
– convenient for installation and maintenance.
 Thyristor valve banks 8

• Clear structure
– In open structure, so components can be clearly seen
during its operating.
– Thyristor and radiator are in the standard silicon series
structure through press mounting.
– Parallel water routes so as to improve the cooling effect.
– The water routes are made by fireproof material.
– Damping resistance is of the direct water cooling
structure ,so it can bear the overload impact.
 Thyristor valve banks 9

•Reliable triggering system

– The triggering system mainly includes two parts: One part
is located in the valve control unit (VCU) of the control
room, and the other part is located in the thyristor control
unit (TCU) on the valve.
– The main function of VCU :transform the control pulse
from the self-control regulator to the firing pulse light
signal.
– The main function of TCU : transform the triggering pulse
light signal from VCU to the pulse electric signal and
trigger the thyristor.
 Thyristor valve banks 10

FP
FP

TCU TCU
IP

VCU

FP
IP
TCU TCU
IP

Schematic diagram of thyristor triggering system

 Thyristor valve banks 11

• Monitor and protect

– VCU has the function of monitoring the thyristor
– TCU also has the function of overvoltage protection and
reverse recovery protection.
Fixed setting and small deviation of break-over voltage value
Break-over voltage can be regulated in design to be adapted to the
thyristor of different parameters
Small volume (Compared with the BOD) and less power loss

Hidden
Design
 Thyristor valve banks 12

• Cooling System with Patented Technology

 Parallel water routes design
 Heat sinker with patented technology
 Voltage-sharing resistance directly cooled through water
channel
 Water pipe and joint with high reliability

Parallel
Water
Routes
 Thyristor valve banks 13

• Long service life

– Main water pipe of the thyristor valve banks adopts
PVCF material
– The branch water pipes in each layer of thyristor valve
are all FEP plastic pipes.
– The optical fiber and conductor wire are made by
fireproofing material
Thyristor valve banks 14

Thyristor valve banks

 Main components of valve banks 15

Thyristors are the core components of TCR valve

• Different thyristors for different projects.
• Two anti-parallel thyristors are applied in each pole of each
valve bank.
The quantity of thyristor:
10KV: 6pcs/phase, 36pcs all
35KV: 20pcs/phase, 120pcs all
 Main components of valve banks 16

Radiator : dissipate heat of thyristor and resistance

• The patented radiators used in valve are effective .The
thermal resistances are less than 7K/kW at fixed water flow.
These radiators are made from Aluminum and they are
corrosion and rust resistant.
 Main components of valve banks 17

Damping resistance
–directly water cooling type
–The short-time rating of
radiators can reach over 3,000W
under prescriptive water flow and
temperature.

Damping capacitor
–metal shell, full membrane and
oil filling, low dielectric loss
–precision quotient can
universally surpass 3%.
 Main components of valve banks 18

–Thyristor control unit (TCU)

TCU mainly covers the following tasks:
•Coupling electrical energy from RC damping circuit.
•Transform the trigger optical signal sent from VCU into electrical
signal.
•Sending trigger pulse with a certain amplitude and width to
thyristors.
•Checking the operating condition of thyristor and transforming the
signal to optical signal and then return the optical signal to VCU.
•Forcing the thyristor to be connected in order to protect it by
automatically sending trigger pulse to the thyristor immediately after
overvoltage of thyristor has been detected.
 Main components of valve banks 19

• The electronic circuit board

in TCU is placed in a
screening box whose size is
70mm×140mm×26mm
(width×depth×height).
Usually the TCU is installed
on the alar plate of valve
banks radiator and its unit is
contained one in each
thyristor.
 installation and maintenance of valve banks20

TCR valve banks’ position in SVC system

空调 空调

通风扇
值班桌 晶闸管阀组 密闭纯水冷却器 外风冷却器

VCU及 VCU及控
接口柜B 接口柜B 接口柜B 接口柜A
控制柜B 制柜A
800
600

控制电缆沟

an example diagram of the layout of three-phase valve assembly in an entire TCR valve hall
 installation and maintenance of valve banks21

• The connection of valve with external equipment

Totally there are three connections in TCR valve
for connecting to the main circuit
main in/out pipes
 The vertical wiring
• The under frame of the valve assembly shall be firmly earth
connection, and at the same time offering as passing channel
for the water pipes and cables.
 Linear (air core) reactor 22

• Common reactor type for SVC :dry type, air core and
parallel drum structures;
• Performance feature of dry type air-cored reactor:
– no saturation of iron, relatively stable inductance, linear C-V
characteristic;
– high integrated mechanical strength, excellent dynamo-
thermal stability;
– low noise, with a nose ≤50db during operation;
– availability indoors and outdoors.
– simple operation management and free maintenance.
 Linear (air core) reactor 23

• The air core reactor is the main

part of absorbing or regulating the
reactive power in SVC and has
good linear performance and
stability. The cooling manner is
natural cooling frequently.
• The air core reactor is connected
with TCR valve assembly in
parallel manner to form triangle
and then connected to grid
 Fixed capacitor bank or filter bank 24

• In a three-phase circuit, the capacitor bank is generally in a form

of single-star or double-star connection. As for the application of
high voltage grade, each phase is in a form of a number of H
bridges, and is provided with an unbalance protection
transformer.
• capacitors shall be connected in parallel first and then connected
in series
• The capacitor mainly consists of:
– Capacitor components
– Capacitor bank accessories, such as framework, insulator,
connecting lead and fastening piece etc.
– Protective components for capacitor bank, such as unbalance
current transformer, lightening arrester and discharge coil etc.
 Fixed capacitor bank or filter bank 25

• Main task :
– provide sufficient capacitive reactive
power to system
– filter harmonic of grid.
• Configuration:
– several unit groups of different
capacity and resonant frequency
according to the actual grid
requirement.
– The common filter branch type
includes single-tuned filter, C type
filter and high pass filter.
 Valve cooling system 26

• Heat produced by power electric device must be dissipated

for normaly operation
• the active cooling method includes forced air cooling (it also
may include heat pipe), circuited air cooling and cooling of
air cooler (air conditioner) etc
• Different cooling method for different loss
• The water cooling has the main advantages :
– high cooling efficiency,
– small volume, low noise
– safety and environmental protection.
 Valve cooling system 27

• The block diagram for working principle of valve bank

cooler is as follows:

resin fan

water purifying circuit

Water Heat
storage pump valves exchange
r
 Valve cooling system 28

• Characteristic of water cooling system

– The cooling capacity of cooling system is various in different
projects, so are the dimensions and weight.
– The power supply of cooler is 380V AC three-phase electric
power supply
– The external circulating cooling fan shall be powered
separately and the original capacity shall be maintained.
– External contact point and communication interface of cooler
– The cooling capacity of cooler (or cooling power) is determined
by the loss of TCR valve bank generally
 29

Thanks