PAKISTAN RAILWAYS

PAST – PRESENT - FUTURE

BY

Maqsood Ahmad Khan

GENERAL MANAGER®
WELFARE &TRAINING
Pakistan Railways
https://www.facebook.com/maqsood.a.khan
MMMFKZ@GMAIL.COM

DECEMBER 2017
114TH ADVANCED RAILWAY COURSE
NOVEMBER 2017 TO FEBRUARY 2018

AT

PAKISTAN RAILWAY ACADEMY

PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
WALTON – LAHORE
PAKISTAN
SUB-CONTINENT INDIA
RAILWAYS
SUBCONTINENT RAILWAYS - OLD
RAILWAY MAP – SUBCONTINENT - 1893
INDIAN RAILWAY MAP – 2014
PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF PAKISTAN
PAKISTAN RAILWAYS MAP
PAKISTAN RAILWAY NETWORK
PAKISTAN
RAILWAY
NETWORK
 PAKISTAN RAILWAYS - HISTORY IN BRIEF
• THE SURVEY FOR CONSTRUCTION OF A RAILWAY
LINE FROM KARACHI WAS STARTED IN 1858
• INITIALLY A RAILWAY LINE WAS PROPOSED FROM
KARACHI CITY TO KOTRI, THEN STEAM NAVIGATION
THROUGH RIVERS INDUS / CHENAB UP TO MULTAN
AND FROM THERE ON A RAILWAY LINE TO LAHORE
AND BEYOND
• THE 13TH OF MAY, 1861 THE FIRST RAILWAY LINE
WAS OPENED FOR PUBLIC TRAFFIC BETWEEN
KARACHI CITY AND KOTRI, A DISTANCE OF 169 KMS
• BY 1897 THE LINE FROM KIAMARI TO KOTRI WAS
CONVERTED TO DOUBLE TRACK
• MOST OF THE SECTIONS (OF PAKISTAN RAILWAYS)
WERE CONSTRUCTED AS STRATEGIC LINES
• IN 1885 THE NORTH WESTERN STATE RAILWAY,
SUBSEQUENTLY, NORTH WESTERN RAILWAYS
(NWR), AT THE TIME OF INDEPENDENCE WAS
BIFURCATED WITH 1,847 ROUTE MILES LYING IN
INDIA AND 5,048 ROUTE MILES IN PAKISTAN.
• IN 1954 THE RAILWAY LINE WAS EXTENDED TO
MARDAN AND CHARSADDA
• 1956 JACOBABAD - KASHMOR NARROW-GAUGE
SECTION (2' -6'') WAS CONVERTED INTO BROAD-
GAUGE SECTION; AND KOT ADU-KASHMOR LINE
WAS COMPLETED IN 1973
• METER-GAUGE LINE FROM HYDERABAD TO
KHOKHROPAR WAS CONVERTED TO BROAD-
GAUGE IN TWO STAGES, FROM HYDERABAD TO
MIRPUR KHAS 66.07 KILOMETER IN 1967 & MIRPUR
KHAS TO KHOKHROPAR (ZERO POINT) 133
 GAUGES

BROAD GAUGE 5 FEET 1676

6 INCHES MILLIMETER

METER GAUGE 3 FEET 1000

3 3⁄8 INCHES, MILLIMETER

NARROW GAUGE 2 FEET 762

6 INCHES MILLIMETER

THE METRE GAUGE AND NARROW GAUGE TRACKS EITHER

CONVERTED TO 1,676 MM (5 FT 6 IN) BROAD GAUGE OR
DISMANTLED.
PAKISTAN ADOPTED 8,122 KILOMETRES OF
THE NORTH WESTERN STATE RAILWAY

LENGTH WIDTH TYPE

6,880 1,676 MM BROAD GAUGE
KILOMETRES OR
5 FT 6 IN
506 1,000 MM METER GAUGE
KILOMETRES OR
3 FT 3 3⁄8 IN
736 762 MM NARROW GAUGE
KILOMETRES OR
(2 FT 6 IN)
 ROUTE TRACK
DESCRIPTION KILOMETERS KILOMETERS

BROAD-GAUGE 7479 11492

METER-GAUGE 312 389

TOTAL 7791 11881

• NORTH WESTERN RAILWAY - NWR
• BENGAL – ASSAM RAILWAY
• PAKISTAN WESTERN RAILWAYS - PWR
• PAKISTAN EASTERN RAILWAY - PER
• PAKISTAN RAILWAYS - PR
• PAKISTAN RAILWAY - PR
 IMPORTANT FEATURES
• DEFENCE ORIENTED – RAILWAY TRACKS LEADING
TOWARDS AFGHANISTAN – MOVEMENT WITHIN

• RAW MATERIAL AND GRAIN EXPORT – COTTON, RICE,

ETC

• DEVELOPED INTO IMPORT ORIENTED – PETROLEUM

PRODUCTS, TOOL & PLANTS, WHEAT, COAL , SULPHUR
, BITUMEN

• GOVERNMENT OWNED

• STRUCTURAL EXPERIMENTS

• LABOUR INTENSIVE
ORGANOGRAM OF PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
CURRENT
 FUTURE VISION
OF
PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
 PAKISTAN RAILWAYS VISION 2025

Ministry of Railways have launched "Pakistan

Railways Vision 2025" which seeks to reinvigorate
Pakistan Railways by increasing its share in the
transportation sector from 4% to 20% by 2025
along with the ₨ 886.68 billion (US$8.4 billion)
China Pakistan Economic Corridor railway
upgrade. The plan includes the acquisition of new
locomotives, development and improvement of
current rail infrastructure, increase of average
train speeds, improvements of punctuality and
expansion of passenger services.
 GEO –POLITICAL
TRANSIT POSITION OF PAKISTAN
• ADJOINING COUNTRIES
 INDIA
 AFGHANISTAN
 IRAN

• CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES ( ECO )

• TRANS- ASIAN RAILWAY ( TAR)
 SOUTHERN ROUTE
 SOUTH – NORTH ROUTE

• CHINA SPECIFIC TRANSIT POSITION

CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR - CPEC
• NEW RAIL LINES AND LINKS
NEW RAILWAY LINES HAVE BEEN ENVISIONED TO GIVE ACCESS TO
THE LAND LOCKED AND NEIGHBOURING STATES TO THE SEA
THROUGH PAKISTAN
• KARACHI – GWADAR
• GWADAR – MASTUNG
• BASIMA - JACOBABAD BOSTAN
• ZHOB - DERA ISMAIL KHAN
• ISLAMABAD - MUZAFFARABAD

• DOUBLING OF TRACK – MAIN CORRIDOR

• UPGRADATION OF TRACK - FOR HIGHER SPEEDS
• RESTRUCTURING
• PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
• CHINA-PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR
• KARAKORAM RAILWAY
• GWADAR LINK
 DEVELOPMENT
OF

PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
INTO
TRANSIT RAILWAY
CHINA SPECIFIC

CPEC
CHINA PAKISTAN
ECONOMIC CORRIDOR
CPEC
 SILK ROUTE

EXTENT OF SILK ROUTE/SILK ROAD. RED IS LAND ROUTE AND THE BLUE IS
THE SEA/WATER ROUTE
 THE SILK ROAD OR SILK ROUTE
THE SILK ROAD OR SILK ROUTE WAS AN ANCIENT
NETWORK OF TRADE ROUTES THAT WERE FOR
CENTURIES CENTRAL TO CULTURAL INTERACTION
ORIGINALLY THROUGH REGIONS OF EURASIA
CONNECTING THE EAST AND WEST AND STRETCHING
FROM THE KOREAN PENINSULA AND JAPAN TO THE
MEDITERRANEAN SEA. THE SILK ROAD CONCEPT REFERS
TO BOTH THE TERRESTRIAL AND THE MARITIME ROUTES
CONNECTING ASIA AND EUROPE. THE OVERLAND STEPPE
ROUTE STRETCHING THROUGH THE EURASIAN STEPPE IS
CONSIDERED THE ANCESTOR TO THE SILK ROAD(S).
While the term is of modern coinage, the Silk Road
derives its name from the lucrative trade in silk (and
horses) carried out along its length, beginning
during the Han Dynasty (207 BCE – 220 CE). The
Han dynasty expanded Central Asian sections of the
trade routes around 114 BCE, largely through
missions and explorations of the Chinese imperial
envoy, Zhang Qian. The Chinese took great interest
in the safety of their trade products and extended
the Great Wall of China to ensure the protection of
the trade route.
Silk Road, also called Silk Route,
ancient trade route, linking China
with the West, that carried goods
and ideas between the two great
civilizations of Rome
and China. Silk went westward,
and wools, gold, and silver went
east. China also received Nestorian
Christianity and Buddhism from
India via the Silk Road.
 SILK ROUTE
A HISTORIC TRADE ROUTE USED FROM THE SECOND
CENTURY BC THROUGH 14TH CENTURY AD THAT WENT
FROM CHINA TO THE MEDITERRANEAN. THE SILK ROUTE
IS SO NAMED BECAUSE OF THE POPULARITY OF
TRADING SILK DURING THAT PERIOD. THIS VALUABLE
FABRIC ORIGINATED IN CHINA, WHICH INITIALLY HAD A
MONOPOLY ON ITS SILK PRODUCTION UNTIL THE
SECRETS OF ITS CREATION SPREAD. THE SILK ROUTE
TRAVERSED CHINA, INDIA, PERSIA, ARABIA, GREECE AND
ITALY. IN ADDITION TO SILK, THE ROUTE FACILITATED THE
TRADE OF OTHER FABRICS, SPICES, GRAINS, FRUITS
AND VEGETABLES, ANIMAL HIDES, WOOD AND METAL
work, precious stones and other items of value.
 CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR
The CPEC is intended to promote connectivity
across Pakistan with a network of highways,
railways, and pipelines accompanied by energy,
industrial, and other infrastructure development
projects to address critical energy shortages
needed to boost Pakistan’s economic growth.
Eventually, the CPEC will also facilitate trade
along an overland route that connects China to
the Indian Ocean, linking the Chinese city of
Kashgar to the Pakistani port of Gwadar.
Source:
‘Behind China’s Gambit in Pakistan’, Expert Brief by Daniel S. Markey and James West, 12, 2016, Council on Foreign Relations,
Downloaded at 10:04 PM on 12/23/2017 https://www.cfr.org/expert-brief/behind-chinas-gambit-pakistan
 CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR

CHINA PAKISTAN ECONOMIC CORRIDOR, POPULARLY KNOWN AS

CPEC, IS AN AMBITIOUS INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
OF PAKISTAN IN PARTNERSHIP WITH CHINA.

• IT IS A PART OF CHINESE ONE-BELT-ONE-ROAD INITIATIVE.

• IT INCLUDES COUNTRY-WIDE RAIL-ROAD AND GAS-PIPELINE
NETWORK AND DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER TRANSIT CORRIDOR
FACILITIES
• THE PROJECT INCLUDES THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PORT IN
GWADAR REGION, KNOWN AS GWADAR PORT
• CONSTRUCTION OF POWER PLANTS WHICH WILL GENERATE
4500 MW OF ELECTRIC POWER
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor is a framework of regional connectivity. CPEC
will not only benefit China and Pakistan but will have positive impact on Iran,
Afghanistan, India, Central Asian Republic, and the region. The enhancement of
geographical linkages having improved road, rail and air transportation system
with frequent and free exchanges of growth and people to people contact,
enhancing understanding through academic, cultural and regional knowledge and
culture, activity of higher volume of flow of trade and businesses, producing and
moving energy to have more optimal businesses and enhancement of co-
operation by win-win model will result in well connected, integrated region of
shared destiny, harmony and development.

China Pakistan Economic Corridor is journey towards economic regionalization in

the globalized world. It founded peace, development, and win-win model for all
of them.

China Pakistan Economic Corridor is hope of better region of the future with
peace, development and growth of economy

SOURCE: http://cpec.gov.pk/introduction/1 DOWNLOADED AT 10:15 PM ON 24-12-2017

 CPEC
COMPOSITE PROJECTS
CHINESE FINANCE PROJECTS
• ENERGY
• INFRASTRUCTURE
• GWADAR
• OTHER PROJECT

CHINESE FINANCE PROJECTS

• RAIL BASED MASS TRANSIT PROJECT

• NEW PROVINCIAL PROJECTS
• PROPOSED SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES
• SOCIAL SECTOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS

PSDP PROJECTS
• CPEC RELATED PROJECTS UNDER PSDP
 C P E C - T R A N S P O R TAT I O N I N F R A S T R U C T U R E
PROJECT NAME COMPANY NAME STATUS PROGRESS
KKH PhaseII(Havelian- Thakot China Road and Bridge
Under construction 70%
Section),120 km Corporation
Karachi-Lahore Motorway (Sukkur- China State Construction
Under construction 70%
Multan Section),392 km Engineering Corporation Limited
Feasibility study
Joint Feasibility Study for
completed;
Upgradation of ML1 and China Railway 100%
Framework
Establishment of Havelian Dryport
Agreement signed
Upgradation of ML-1 (Multan-Lahore Government
Section, 339 km; Hyderabad-Multan Framework
TBD 40%
Section, 749 km; Kemari-Hyderabad Agreement under
Section, 182 km) discussion
New Havelian Dry Port TBD Feasibility stage 15%
Khuzdar-Basima Highway (N-30), 110
TBD Feasibility stage 15%
km
KKH Phase III(Raikot-Thakot
TBD Feasibility stage 15%
Section)280km
D.I.Khan-Quetta Highway (N-50),
TBD Feasibility stage 15%
533km

http://www.cpecinfo.com/road-infrastructure downloaded at 11:08 24-12-2017

 CPEC
RAILWAY SPECIFIC
PROJECT EXPANSION AND RECONSTRUCTION OF EXISTING LINE ML-1
Project Project Title: Rehabilitation & Up-gradation of Karachi-Lahore Peshawar
Description (ML-1) Railway Track (1,872 kms)
Rehabilitation/improvement of existing track that will follow the existing
alignment except at locations where sharp curves are to be eased out or
eliminated to allow higher speed upto 140 Km/h.
Responsibility:
 Proposing Agency: Ministry of Railways
 Implementing Agency: Pakistan Railways
 Supervising Agency: Ministry of Communications, Government of
Pakistan
Location Karachi to Peshawar via Hyderabad, Nawabshah, Rohri, Rahimyar Khan,
Bahawalpur, Khanewal, Sahiwal, Lahore, Gujrawala, Rwalpindi, Peshwar
Estimated 8,172 (US $ Million)
Cost
Project  Feasibility completed.
Progress  Framework Agreement signed.
Update  Project to be put on fast track.
 PROJECT HAVELIAN DRY PORT (450 M. TWENTY-FOOT EQUIVALENT UNITS)
Project To meet the demand of containerized future freight traffic in
Description connection with Pak-China Economic Corridor, the dry port will be
established at Havelian by utilizing the railway land, railhead
facilities, high speed / capacity stock, and potential of well
established off-dock terminal for handling bonded import / export
containers. Pakistan Railway network exist upto Havelian Railway
Station situated at more than 680 Kms from Khunjrab (China
border). The station is coming on Pak-China economic corridor.
Initially it will act as Dry Port / container terminal for goods traffic
coming through road from China through KKH. Transshipment
arrangement will be provided at Havelian for loading / unloading
on railway wagons.
Location Havellian, District Haripur, KPK
Estimated Cost 65 (US $ Million)
Project Progress  Feasibility completed
Update  Request for Chinese financing submitted on 29th Nov, 2016
 CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT OF
PROJECT PAKISTAN RAILWAYS
Project  Focus groups be established for
Progress effective training and capacity
Update enhancement
CPEC'S LONG TERM PLAN
(LTP) 2017-2030
 CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
• PAKISTAN - STRATEGICALLY IMPORTANT COUNTRY IN THE REGION
• NAVAL BASE - GWADAR PORT
• ONE BELT ONE ROAD - SOUTHERN, CENTRAL, AND NORTHERN ROUTES
• ECONOMIC GROWTH, TRADE, CHANGE, TRANSPORTATION, MINING,
ENERGY SECTORS
• CONFORMS VISION WITH WORLD-CHANGING ASIA, EUROPE, AFRICA,
OCEANIA, AND THE MIDDLE EAST CLOSE TOGETHER WITH NEW
INFRASTRUCTURE AND FREE TRADE ZONES
CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN
• POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES – INDIA , DUBAI,IRAN
• CHAHBAHAR AND GWADAR
• INDIA - INVESTS - CHABAHAR PORT
• POLITICAL STABILITY IN PAKISTAN
• SECURITY ISSUES
• TAX AND POWER TARIFF ISSUES – CHINA’S CONCERN
• QUALITY OF LABOR FORCE
• PROVINCIAL CONCERNS
• INTERNATIONAL CONCERNS
BENEFITS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PAKISTAN
• INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
• GAWADAR PORT
• ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
• CPEC AND POVERTY
• CPEC, PEACE, AND PROSPERITY IN PROVINCES – THROUGH
EVELOPMENT

SOURCE:
https://www.omicsonline.org/pdfdownload.php?download=open-access/chinapakistan-economic-corridor-and-
its-social-implication-on-pakistanhow-will-cpec-boost-pakistans-infrastructures-and-overcome-t-2151-6200-
1000265.pdf&aid=88335
1:59 on 25-14-2017
 CONCLUSION:
IN THE PAST, PAKISTAN AND CHINA HAVE
ENGAGED IN A VARIETY OF DIFFICULT PROJECTS
THAT WERE THOUGHT IMPOSSIBLE DUE TO THE
CONSTRAINTS INVOLVED AND STILL MANAGED TO
ACHIEVE SUCCESS. THE KARAKORUM HIGHWAY
STANDS AS A TESTAMENT TO THE FACT. UTILIZING
FIRM POLITICAL RESOLVE, REVOLUTIONARY
INSIGHT AND UNYIELDING FORTITUDE, BOTH
NATIONS CAN SURMOUNT THE CHALLENGES AND
TRANSFORM THE CPEC FROM PAPER TO REALITY
CPEC - WEBPAGE - PAKISTAN

http://cpec.gov.pk/

CPEC - WEBPAGE - CHINA

http://www.cpecinfo.com/10-
questions-on-cpec
IT IS GOING ON