THE MANAGER AND

INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
PRESENTED BY:
JABIGUERO
OBISPO
QUINTO
SALAZAR
 THE MANAGER AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
contents
a. What is a system?
b. System Elements
c. Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Systems
d. Open Systems and Closed Systems
e. What is a Subsystem?
f. What is Supersystem?
g. The Business System
h. Physical Systems and Conceptual Systems
i. The Importance of a Systems View
 If the manager views his/her organization as a system, it can
make problem solving easier and more effective.

What is SYSTEM?
System – a group of elements that are integrated with the common purpose of
achieving an objective.
System Elements
Major component of a system:
1. Objectives – goal of a business that seeks to achieve.
2. Control Mechanism- monitors the transformation process to ensure that the
system meets its objectives.
3. Input- the various human, material, financial, equipment and informational
resources required to produce goods and services.
4. Transformation- the organization’s managerial and technological abilities that
are applied to convert inputs into outputs.
5. Output- the products, services, and other outcomes produced by the
company.
6. Feedback – information about results and organizational status relative to its
environment.
Open-Loop Systems
A system without a control mechanism,
feedback loop and objective
Example:
ELECTRIC SPACE HEATER
plugged in and turned
on and so gives out
heat until it is turned off.
Closed-Loop Systems
A system with three a control elements
(objective, control mechanism &
feedback loop)
Example:
MANUFACTURING FIRM
• Input – raw materials
transform raw materials to
• Output - finished
product/services
• Control Mechanism – firms’
management
• Objectives – goals that the
firms’ seek to achieve
• Feedback Loop – flow of
information to and from
management.
OPEN & CLOSED SYSTEM
Open System
dynamically interact with their environment
connected to its environment by means of resource flow.

Closed System
not connected or influenced by and do not interact to its environment.
SUBSYSTEM & SUPERSYSTEM
Subsystem
-the system within a system.
Supersystem
-when a system is a part of larger system, the larger system is
supersystem.

Example:
The state government is a supersystem of the town government and is
also a subsystem of the national government.
The BUSINESS SYSTEM
as with all systems, the system of the business exists in one or more
larger environmental systems or supersystems.
 PHYSICAL & CONCEPTUAL SYSTEM
Physical System Example:
-the business firms
The physical system is a
-composed of physical resources
computer
but the data and information
Conceptual System stored in it can be viewed as
-represents a physical system conceptual system.
-uses conceptual resources
> Information
> Data
A system view regards business operations as
systems embedded within a larger environmental
setting. This is an abstract way of thinking, but it has
potential value to the manager.
The importance of a Systems View
1. Prevents the manager from getting lost in the complexity of the
organizational structure and details of the job.
2. Recognizes the necessity of having a good objectives.
3. Emphasizes the importance of all of the parts of the organization working
together.
4. Acknowledges the interconnections of the organization with its environment
5. Places high value on feedback information that can only be achieved by
means of a closed-loop system.