MESAROS - ANGHEL VASILE

F!CHT OF ]EWS FOR RETURN

!N ERETZ !SRAEL
Noments of Zionism (!!)
Documentary Essay
. to my mother,
Thaci Raisa Gherschovici
AMV Dessign / Aprilie 2011

F!CHT OF ]EWS FOR RETURN !N ERETZ !SRAEL

FRON v!S!ON TO ACTUALLY
THEODOR HERZL - CONCRESS OF BASEL 1837
Zionism = National Novement of the ]ews for Return in Country of Zion - 'The
Holly Land' (or 'The Promise Land') and the formation of Eretz !srael State (not
necessarily a definition).
Development Zionist movements in European countries and the U.S. (mid. X!X - XX
centuries) becomes the engine and sponsor (through organizations "]oint" type) of
various stages of ]ewish Return, in a land barren and then hostile, social phenomenon is
called generic: ALYA. National consciousness develops in jewish communities in Europe
based on two social vectors:
Simultaneous event in communities in Europe, two contradictory states of mind:
!ntegration into the daily lives of the majority population of ]ews (and in some cases,
the assimilation through mixed marriages).
Resistance and organizing against the antiSemitism and intolerance of other ethnic
populations in the majority.
How this sequence have different times in different European countries, including the
Russian Empire, hebrew communities were in a continuous search for solutions.
ormation of national consciousness. The join around ]ewish Rabbi, as exponents of
the Nosaic aith Leaders and willingness to organize Return of ]ews in 'The Promised
Land', to rebuild his country: Eretz !srael. That although many times there were open
conflicts between the rabbi. Although many families of Hebrew in the middle class
realized why not go in the wilderness when going very well where they lived, with the
majority population.

Therefore the first who left were poor people schnorers(1]. A large number of
immigrants took to the road to America, beginning X!X century (where, no more than
70 years and will come before the main financial support of the ]ewish "]oint"). Another
initiative was jew tycoon Noritz de Hirsh (finance, among others the construction of
railways in the Balkans and East) send to 7000 in Russia Hebrew poverty in Argentina.
]ew tycoon Edmond de Rotchschild funds directly (18701310) the creation of compact
settlements in Palestine ... !ndividual events and punctual.
!t was to be like, before Nessaiah (Cod sent) waiting at a handful of Hebrew, the
rabbi to lawyers, bankers, men of culture, etc. from all jewish communities in Europe
and Russia, and social conditions very different, but united by the belief that Return is
the only way to true peace and dignity Hebrew people. !t confirmed by the harbinger of
countless pogroms neighborhoods of big cities but in small urban settlements at the end
of X!X and early XX centuries, the tragical Schoah of the ]ews in European fascism and
communism, in the XX century.
!s unpleasant, but correctly noted that this process was not ongoing idyllic.
The five social vectors:
The Councils of Rabbies (the classic and Hassid are in a continuous war of deaf
and leading jewish communities).
Considered class (great bankers of Europe, accustomed to generous gestures
singular, too full of them to mix with the herd is famous that say Rotchschild bankers
to Zionist leader Theodor Herzl: 'What do you think that, with 100,000 schnorers (poor)
to rebuild the Country of !srael ?!'),
|1] Term designating those poor, are at the threshold of subsistence. At that time there
were millions of Hebrew in Europe and Russia in that social state.

! Niddle class (swing between satisfaction and empowerment recent idea

of financial support and participation especially the Hebrew of these young families to
build economic infrastructure to the future new Hebrew State).
Poor People (ordinary people today to live together, side by side with the majority poor
population, but having a higher education community and practice of faith for thousands of
years) They will mobilize by Theodor Herzl, (after being rejected by bankers Hirsch and
Rotchschild) They constitute a majority in the firsts ALYA.
Zionits (heterogeneous group as social class of origin and countries of origin, gathered
around the idea of achieving the ]ew Eretz !srael during 1840 1837 which will be the rule
of law and fact in the Basel Congress in 1837 had many moments in which opinions and
attitudes were different. Unity of purpose and location of the miracle right leaders in the
latter exodus Hebrew of the people resulted in the establishment of the State of Hebrew
(1348).
The Beginers are :
! Rabbi Yehuda Solomon Alkalai Sephardic |1].
! Rabbi Zvi Hirsch Kalischer Ashkenazi |2]
|1] Sephardic ]ews are ]ews rite Spanish. They were installed in Spain after having been driven out of ]udea: first
deportation took place in 70 and and after !srael's destruction by Roman army (13413S). Dispersal area was along the
territories bordering the Nediterranean Sea. They were installed in Spain along with installation Arab caliphate (eighth
century). Were expelled from Spain in 1432 (Decree of the Alhambra, given by Oueen !sabella and King erdinand, at the
urging of ]esuit Bishop of rancesco de Loyola ) and later from Portugal. They emigrated to North Africa, !taly, the Niddle
East, the Balkan Peninsula and in southern Romania, then in England, Holland and America (the first community
established around 'Kahal Zur !srael Synagogue' the state of Pernambuco Brazil). They talked Ladino or ]udeoSpanish
language (dialect based castilian).
|2] Ashkenazi ]ews having been driven out of ]udea: first deportation took place in 70 and after !srael's destruction by
Roman army (13413S), have emigrated to western and central Europe, especially in Cermanic countries. Since the first
centuries of first millennium AD. !n the Niddle Ages, they migrated to Eastern Europe. Ashkenazi ]ews using Yiddish
(Cermanic idiomatic) and the Hebrew / Aramaic: the practice of religion, speech and rabbinical Everiesti more distant
relationship with communities.

Theodor Herzl (Binyamin Ze'ev Herzl) (1860 1304) was born

in Budapest into a family of bankers Hebrew Sephardim from Zemun
(where his grandfather was a disciple of Rabbi Yehuda Solomon
Alkalay, Apostles of the Zionist Novement(1]. When he was 18 years
the family has moved to vienna. He follow the aculty of Law in
vienna. After completing faculty a short time working at the Ninistry
of ]ustice of the Habsburg Empire after which, as a press correspondent of the
newspaper "Neue reie Presse" (vienna) to visit London, Paris !stanbul. Are of a literary
columnist and religious point of view was not concerned about the destiny of Hebrew
communities until the outbreak of " Dreyfuss Affair" in rance (Paris 1834). or 10
years, this confrontation between proand antiSemitism of the rench. That fact will
mobilize young journalist energy will trigger an action, in the beginning itself, and then
collectively Return for ]ews in Eretz !srael.
A few words about "Dreyfuss Affair ". Artillery Captain Alfred Dreyfuss,
officer in the service of rench intelligence (Bureau Two) is investigated,
beginning with October 13 1834 on charge of being supplied intelligence
service intelligence Cerman. Although graphologic expertise a document with the data
was not relevant intelligence and investigation was underway are leaking information to
newspapers. !n the October 23 start in the newspaper La Libre Parole " a press
campaign to logs taken with antiSemitic orientation as a means of pressure on the
Army Staff of the rench. On December 4 the War Council meets to judge this case.
|1] Z!ON!SN APOSTLES NONENT O Z!ON!SN (!)
Link Adress: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCjW!EsYO1!

Sentenced (22 November) and then degraded in public (S ]anuary 183S) is being
deported to Devil !sland in rench Cuiana. His brother and a friend (writer Bernard
Lazare) moves to start the review process. Nember addresses to ]ew deputy in rench
Parliament ]oseph Reinah and the Creat Rabbi of rance Zadoc Kahn. Both adopt non
involvement position. The initiators of the review process works without any support
from the ]ewish authority and opacity of the Ninistry of War. The new investigator
(mars 1836) Picquart, discovers the identity of a writing master Walsin erdinand
Esterhazy (known by his life Adventurous). War Ninistry decided not to reopen the case.
inding of this fact, Bernard Lazare awareness goes to press in November 1386 by
publishing the booklet "A miscarriage of justice the truth Dreyfuss Affair". !ssue review
process reaches the rench Senate, this time assisted by deputy ]ew ]oseph Reinah.
The intellectuals of the caliber of Charles Pguy, Andr Cide, Narcel Proust, Daniel
Halvy, Lucien Herr, Emile Zola, the rench takes position to defend Dreyfuss. The
population is divided into pros and cons Dreyfuss. !n 1833, after various diversion to
keep the allegations and the Esterhazy exempt by false statements and documents,
before the trials, the Najor State of rench Army is forced to bring in detention in order
to Reine trial on review. Alfred Dreyfuss is relieved of charges, but some time passes
until you will be reintegrated in the army (21 ]uly 1306). We fight in the irst World War
and will retire with the lieutenant colonel rank. With all that has been criticized by some
leaders Hebrew obedience to his attitude, over those 12 years, man Dreyfuss has
demonstrated a stoicism and respect for the law to honor them (especially since before
this disaster in his personal life was rated as a brilliant military future of the Head Staff,
gen. Boisfedre).

!n the beginning of the "Dreyfuss Affair" as a journalist in Paris, the position of

young Theodor Herzl is changed in the wave of antiSemitism generated. !nfluenced
by ideas of Rabbi Alkalay and he becomes a fervent fighter for thef Return of ]ews in
Eretz !srael. He understand that the ideas assmilation of ]ews by the performance in a
majority of each country (ideas promoted in the emancipation movement "Haskala"
]ew in the community equal citizen in the society of the country) and hope that anti
Semitism field is history and will not be repeated is illusory and counterproductive for
the Hebrew people. The same ideas are shared and Nax Nordau, which will meet in
Paris at the beginning of the process Dreyfuss. Both share the belief that antiSemitism
is a universal fact. Assimilation that practiced the Hebrew is bankrupt, Return that in
Eretz !srael and the formation of a ]ew is the only way for the ]ews. Become a friend
and comrade of ideas and promotion of the Zionist movement, Theodor Herzl.
Nax Nordau(1] will an organizer of the first Zionist congress. At first
Congress (1837) will be the secretary of Congress. !n the speech was
addressed to those present in the courtroom, he underline as a characteristic
of Hebrew communities mess everywhere, not so much material present more or less
supportive of the misery existing in the majority population living in each community.
Even in Western countries Europe, declared the equality of ]ews with the majority of
the state, is accompanied by inducement of majority of the population that a ]ew can
have a sense of honor, sense of duty, patriotism and morality as they are. Arguments
related to preexisting feelings of hate a ]ew.
|1] Nax Nordau was born in Budapest in 1843, the son of Cabriel Sdfeld an Orthodox rabbi of Sephardi origin.
ollowing courses at primary school Hebrew, Catholic college and obtain licensee in Nedicine. !s married to a
Protestant Christian, and is set in Paris where he opened a medicine cabinet. At the same time is a writer and
correspondent for the press.

Emancipation of ]ews in Western Europe has created a feeling among them that
"Hebrew in the Chetto" became a frustration their daily life where they suffered shame
and humiliation. They forget that for hundreds of years he was a place of refuge and
preserve spiritual and moral values of people ... Those who choose the path of
assimilation, social and cultural, and want to be rench, Cerman ... before being
considered ]ew, believing in such a life of dignity and decent society in which the
majority live. rom this posture minimizes the manifestations of antiSemitism that
observed around him. But these phenomena, apparently more or less minor, while it
induces a feeling misery moral, social support in the absence of the Hebrew native
traditions which went on the road to assimilation. He asks Congress to find ways to
build financial and educational structures able to achieve unity of ]ewish spiritual
recovery through education and training to regenerate links with local communities.
Staff will remain in the future Congress, as president or vice president, promoting a
democratic debate and decision making. !n 1832 published his best known:
"degeneration" which criticizes the socalled degenerate art based on the negative social
effects that have rapid urbanization on the human body and psyche. Dies in 1323.
Civen to its pragmatic spirit, Theodor Herzl move to immediate action to raise ]ews
tycoons in Europe without too much success. Neeting with Belgian banker Noritz de
Hirsch takes place in Nay 183S.
Baron Noritz de Hirsch Baron Noritz de Hirsch(1] (1] at 17 years employed in as a new employee to a strong at 17 years employed in as a new employee to a strong
bank "Bischoffsheim S Coldschmidt" in Brussels. !s performing in the company, bank "Bischoffsheim S Coldschmidt" in Brussels. !s performing in the company, but
|1] |1] Noritz De Hirsch was born in Nunich, on 3.12.1831. Belonged to a family of bankers who claimed the
Hebrew king Bavaria. The family received a rank of noble baron "von" Hirsch. They kept mosaic faith, they build
a small synagogue in his own house. Here Noritz taught ]ewish religious instruction and !vrid language. School
followed her to Nunich, not to excel in the study.

upswing is guaranteed marriage to Clara, daughter of the owner of the

bank (18SS). Soon set up its own bank and invest in building the railway
sugar plantations, and mines copper. Use of a bankruptcy banker to take up
the construction of railways in Turkish Empire and the Balkans, first connection with
Niddle Europe in 1883 by opening the railway vienna Constantinople. He Becomes
very rich and popular in the High Life (such as friend of the Prince of Wales, future King
Edward of England). rom this position it will occupy the lives of indigent ]ews
bordering countries of Western Europe, subject to the restrictions of social origin
(employment) and ethnic (antiSemitism). He donated 1,000,000 francs (1873) to
'Alliance !sraelite Universelle' (Paris) to establish trade schools for Hebrew in the Balkans
and in Turkey, the process continued through annual donations of 400,000 francs. !n
1883 established a charitable fund in support of Hebrew refugees persecuted in the
Russian Empire, which has benefited to a lesser or greater extent Hebrew S,000,000 in
Russia, Lithuania and Poland, located in the socalled "region Pale" (from that ]ews
were not allowed to leave at that time). This double tax and was not allowed to live in
big cities. Bear successive pogroms they destroy homes, businesses and synagogues.
rom 1887 ]ews are prohibited access to secondary education in the Pale. Hirsch
proposes the amount of S0,000,000 francs to establish separate schools for Hebrew in
the region but refused to stipulate that the conditions as these amounts are not
defalcate from officials of Czarist empire. The amilies of thousands of Hebrew flee to
the AustroHungarian border, around the city Brod. Under these conditions Hirsch
argues in 1831, ']ewish Colonization Association' (]ewish Colonization Association (]CA)
in England) to support the ]ewish colonization in Russia and elsewhere in Argentina will
not be subjected to discrimination in Europe, Asia, North America or South, for to

determine to make agricultural activities, commercial work of any kind. Send emissary
to buy land in Argentina, Canada. !ntend to ensure the issue of Russian passports to the
departure of 20,000 in first year Hebrew. ]CA cover cost of travel to South America.
Even though only about 7,000 Hebrew followed this road, was the first experiment of
Hebrew pastoral life he has done it before being cast out of !srael (in section ! and !! of
the first millennium). !n the Europe accounts for the years 1880 1300, the population
displacement from Pale to less restrictive areas (Poland, Ukraine, AustriaHungary,
Bucovina, Romania). !n the North America, forming communities of Hebrew farmers in
New ]ersey, including the College of Agricultural and Hirsch. Will bequeath to his death
(1833) $ 4S,000,000 for ]ewish colonization Association).
Neeting between Theodor Hertzl and Noritz de Hirsch is tough and without effect.
Naybe the pride of Baron, von Hirsch, style may directly, and our ardent and directly
style of young Herzl's protocol ... Anywhere it was a hope missed chance to joint two
personalities, deep involved in ALYA(1] of ]ewish People.
Tenacious, Theodor Herzl prepare, by November 183S, a meeting with English
banker Edmond ]ames de Rothschild(]. He donated huge sums of
money from its assets to buy land in Palestine. He established the first two
Hebrew estates who cultivated large areas of vines: Rezhon Lezion, Zichron
Yaakov (after the name of his grandfather). He financed the development of
wine industry and economic development of settlements in the Niddle East.
(1] Term designating the return movement of ]ewish People in the Reretz !srael land
(] Baron Edmond Benjamin ]ames de Rothschild (13.08.184S02.11.1334) was born in Paris in the family
castle of rench bankers Rothschild. Concerned with art, with a vast collection of paintings, many donated to
Louvre Nuseum in Paris will be geared to support ]ewish settlements in Erez !srael (1882), at great hardship..

or this purpose he create "Association of Hebrew colonization of Palestine" (Palestine or this purpose he create "Association of Hebrew colonization of Palestine" (Palestine
]ewish colonization Association ]ewish colonization Association P!CA). After the first Zionist Congress in Basel, he will P!CA). After the first Zionist Congress in Basel, he will
support the Zionist movement's own name, without being integrated directly in its support the Zionist movement's own name, without being integrated directly in its
organizational structure and politics. organizational structure and politics.
or this purpose write a draft for discussion, 64 pages, later called "Der ]udenstaat" or this purpose write a draft for discussion, 64 pages, later called "Der ]udenstaat"
("Hebrew State"). Neeting, in which Herzl proposes bankers to take over leadership of a ("Hebrew State"). Neeting, in which Herzl proposes bankers to take over leadership of a
large organization, all ]ews, for the accumulation of financial assets and organization large organization, all ]ews, for the accumulation of financial assets and organization
actions for Return in Eretz !srael. Rothschild say : 'What do you think that, with 100,000 actions for Return in Eretz !srael. Rothschild say : 'What do you think that, with 100,000
schnorers schnorers(1] (1] to rebuild a 'Country of !srael ?!'. Herzl's reply was: "Then !'ll refer to to rebuild a 'Country of !srael ?!'. Herzl's reply was: "Then !'ll refer to
people". And in this case was the result of failure of subjective attitudes of the two. people". And in this case was the result of failure of subjective attitudes of the two.
Each will contribute decisively to the creation of theoretical bases, organizational (Herzl) Each will contribute decisively to the creation of theoretical bases, organizational (Herzl)
or funding the training Eretz !srael (Rothschild). Another perspective, in both cases, it or funding the training Eretz !srael (Rothschild). Another perspective, in both cases, it
would be like to be! Effort would be like to be! Effortwill be played the whole Hebrew nation, from visionary Herzl, will be played the whole Hebrew nation, from visionary Herzl,
who followed him after the Basle Congress, and why not, the majority of financial and who followed him after the Basle Congress, and why not, the majority of financial and
industrial ]ews elite, who during the rally organized by the structure of Congress, industrial ]ews elite, who during the rally organized by the structure of Congress,
contributing financially and logistically, on the road or one hundred years before the contributing financially and logistically, on the road or one hundred years before the
establishment of the State of Eretz !srael. That is an example of a concerted effort to be establishment of the State of Eretz !srael. That is an example of a concerted effort to be
worthy of other people, to be applied, adapted to their own prosperity. ailure of worthy of other people, to be applied, adapted to their own prosperity. ailure of
Rothschild meeting is compensated by the draft der ]udenstaat", which first published Rothschild meeting is compensated by the draft der ]udenstaat", which first published
in vienna on 14 ebruary 183S, is spread with the speed of fire in all ]ewish in vienna on 14 ebruary 183S, is spread with the speed of fire in all ]ewish
communities. rom the young students of Hebrew in European capitals to the Russian communities. rom the young students of Hebrew in European capitals to the Russian
]ewish communities (where it was copied by hand in thousands of copies). An example ]ewish communities (where it was copied by hand in thousands of copies). An example
is is David Wolffsohn David Wolffsohn. .
|1] |1] Term designating those poor, are at the threshold of subsistence. At that time there were millions of Hebrew
in Europe and Russia in that social state.

David Wolffsohn(1] with Nax Bodenheimer will establish in the Cerman

Colony locality, "Association for development of agriculture in the country of
!srael" (under the local organization "Chovevei Zion"). !mmediately after
reading Herzl's book, will leave in vienna to meet with the author. ! joined
them, traveling with him in 1888 in Constantinople and in Eretz !srael, meeting with
Emperor Wilhelm !! century. Wolffsohn will become the first president of the ]ewish
Colonial Trust, which aimed at the accumulation of financial resources and their use in
Eretz !srael for the purchase of land and Hebrew settlements implantation. After Herzl's
death (1304), is elected president of the World Zionist Organization "until 1311.
]ewish State ('Der ]udenstate') !s so naturally, given the simple
ideas, clear and revolutionary in the text. AntiSemitism occurs wherever
there is a significant number of Hebrew, is manifest not long after their
presence at any place within the majority population. !t is observed in
various forms, from school, sports, business, religious intolerance, and even
as a reason for selfdefense of majority. !t is a phenomenon that can not be offset in
the local, regional, should be addressed by the countries in a !nterstate Agreement.The The
oppression and persecution could not exterminate the Hebrew. !ntegration of ]ews in oppression and persecution could not exterminate the Hebrew. !ntegration of ]ews in
the place is not resolved by either waiving the ]udaic tradition, imitation, assimilation, the place is not resolved by either waiving the ]udaic tradition, imitation, assimilation,
through mixed marriages. ]ewish poverty problem, which is currently moving from one through mixed marriages. ]ewish poverty problem, which is currently moving from one
place to another in search of jobs is not resolved through individual philanthropy: they place to another in search of jobs is not resolved through individual philanthropy: they
can be generated or generating anti can be generated or generating antiSemitism. Anywere they emigrate, shortly ]ews Semitism. Anywere they emigrate, shortly ]ews
middle class accumulate economic power. middle class accumulate economic power.
|1] He was born in Lithuania, in the town Darbenai.

Sooner or later most people will respond by induction of some forms of antiSemitic
behavior. Example is rance (in just the first run, hysterical antiSemitic, the 'Dreyfuss
Affair').
]ews must to Return in large numbers, their colonization in Eretz !srael to be assisted
financially and logistically for the standard of living does not decreased for those who
get there than in the place where they went. This can be achieved, financial and
logistical, one philanthropist, for some. Organization is needed and sees as a
corporation, accompanied by a "Hebrew Company " as a productive economic
resources and management of their use.
Herzl describes the detailed operation and interpenetration between: the local
community as the basic structure, ]ewish society, as a body superior to all the
communities through elected representatives, Hebrew Company : financial support to
projects Return in a ]ewish Eretz !srael.
!n the chapter "Local Community" Theodor Herzl describes the difficulty of massive
migration, as to departure forbiddance psychologically (attachment to the place,
neighbors, tombs, traditions). He propose to make immigration groups. Preparation
groups will be in time "guide", each having a "district" and a committee of
representatives designated for this purpose within each local community. Each family
can choose, depending on the opportunities to emigrate. At the same time Hebrew
Company will provide transport (train, boat) and accommodation space for the first
period of settlement, in a group or individually, in Eretz !srael. Herzl put an emphasis on
cooperation with local community Rabbis. Each group will have its Rabbi, its spiritual
leader, who will receive regular information from the Hebrew Company, and will

distribute and explain the Croup members. Committee representatives will be led
by Rabbis. Local groups will receive compensation for buildings and facilities free of
reconstruction in the new country. The Philanthropic institutions should be included in a
system which allows the complementarity of actions and funding. Education community,
the meaning of training for productive activities in the new location will be coordinated
by the "Hebrew Society" and supported the local community. Elderly population will be
involved in activities, light feeling to have utility, along with the members. He write,
finally: "We will do what's best to use moral force to the work of salvation of any man
any age and class (social), and so our people will find new strength from working on his
own ground seven hours a day.
"The ]ews Society" is intended as a promoter of "Spiritual State": a state that
combines the concept of Rousseau on state as a social contract with the "Spiritual
Hebrew State" of Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai, "in the Conciliation ]asmina" (7030).
Type of organization should promote and convey the concepts of spiritual development,
educational and organizational, uniform in all local communities. The Hebrew
Company" is a form of organization that aims to purchase land in Palestine. Also, as
administrator of the Hebrew goods, regulates the conversion value of transferable
assets (land, buildings, etc.) in the country of departure, the new location of Eretz
!srael. Undertake and coordinate enterprises construction Hebrew workers, providing
conditions for work (7 hours) and payment in kind and in cash. The unds for those who
can not work (pregnant women, children, elderly), funds for education, funds for self
defense of the ]ewish settlements. acilitate trade in consumer goods inside and outside
]ewish settlements in Palestine (Yishuv). !t will facilitate investment in small industry,
the rental of industrial and agricultural machinery.

During the movements of groups of migrants 'Hebrew Company' will ensure all
direct and indirect costs.
Rabinate reaction was, with some exceptions (eg the Crand Rabbi of vienna)
retained and sometimes laughably. Herzl was baptized as an "attic" of Retour in Holly
Land. Since April 1836, when the English edition of the "Hebrew State" are publish,
Theodor Herzl is recognized as a leader of the Novement of Return in Eretz !srael -
Zionism Nouvement. "Der ]udenstaat" ('Hebrew State), assemble energy in Hebrew
communities upand across Europe, and Russia, the United States.
!n April 1836, Theodor Hertzl make first trip to Constantinople, by mediating the
Crand Duke of Baden (who will assist in further efforts to further ]ewish settlement of
legal and purchase land in Palestine under Ottoman Empire). This bears the first
official talks with the Turks. On his return visit Hebrew community in Sofia, vienna,
Berlin, London ... Everywhere people it claims it receives and enthusiastically, with some
reservations elite (it is the case, for example, Naccabees Croup in London). eeling that
something terrible is about to happen Hebrew population abroad (which will become
visible soon after 1304 the Chisinau pogrom (1] Bessarabia and death of the Hebrew
6,000,000 in 3S4S years of XX century(]) gives the energy to persevere.
|1] The April 6 1304, a Russian child is found murdered in the town Dubossary. Local Anti Semitic Newspapers
incite to revenge against the ]ews on the grounds that it would be a ritual murder the blood to produce matzot
of Easter that was after he was killed by a relative ... Between 73 April Hebrew community of Chishinau is
devastated: 43 dead, S3 seriously wounded, S00 wounded, 700 houses destroyed. !s no Czarist authorities,
intervention during the pogrom. Nanifest disdain towards the ]ews is doubled along the order they are used as
valve for discontents of majority population against the inefficient administration of the empire, hunger and
generalized social misery of the Russian Empire
|2] The Schoah

!n ]uly 1386 has a new meeting with Baron Edmond de Rothschild. The two ways:
infiltration at any price unlawfully (Edmond de Rothschild has applied this method since
1882 first Aliya, leading to the establishment of the first rural settlement of Noshav),
and immigration legal assistance by the Ottoman supported Herzl, not find a
compromise formula.
!n the same period, start to organize Zionist movement with the support of Nax
Nordau Aryeh Leib Notzkin and Avraham Usishkin. irst Organization: ']ewish
Association' in 1387. !n Narch 1837 preparation Conference takes place. Congress to
be held in Nnhen. The opposition of Cerman Rabbis Council determine the location
change.
August 1837 Switzerland Basel: hotel gable which float on the
white flag with blue stripes and Nagen David (Star of the six corners of
David), representatives of ]ews from 16 countries discussed first plan to
Return in Eretz !srael. The formation of Basel World Zionist
Organization, with the following coordinates:
The Systematic and programmatic support to the development of ]ewish agricultural
settlements, industrial and craftsmen.
The Unification of Hebrew organizations in the state of each country in accordance
with the laws of that State.
Strengthening the spirit of individual conscience and national ]ewry. Preparation
work for obtaining the various governments to accept and support the Zionist aim of
Return in Eretz !srael.
ormation of a Committee of Action, based in vienna, which includes representatives
of major Hebrew community.

Nax Bodeheimer proposes to establish a Bank and a Nax Bodeheimer proposes to establish a Bank and a National Fund National Fund, to centralize , to centralize
and manage financial resources accruing from collective or individual donations. and manage financial resources accruing from collective or individual donations.
Professor Shapira proposes to establish a Hebrew University in Eretz !srael. He took Professor Shapira proposes to establish a Hebrew University in Eretz !srael. He took
being first Zionist Organization. !t was sing the first hymn future status Hebrew being first Zionist Organization. !t was sing the first hymn future status Hebrew
(Hatikvah (Hatikvah Hope) lyrics by poet Naftali Herz !mber (18S6 Hope) lyrics by poet Naftali Herz !mber (18S6 -- 1303 1303(1] (1]) and music of ) and music of
Bedrich Smetana. Bedrich Smetana.
Herzl consider getting a !nternational Agreement" for ]ewish settlement in Eretz Herzl consider getting a !nternational Agreement" for ]ewish settlement in Eretz
!srael to be safe. He criticized illegal infiltrations (Aliya). This view has created confusion !srael to be safe. He criticized illegal infiltrations (Aliya). This view has created confusion
in dealing the Return. !t will take place in fact, over the 41 years before the in dealing the Return. !t will take place in fact, over the 41 years before the
establishment of !srael, both ways: legal and illegal, according to the international establishment of !srael, both ways: legal and illegal, according to the international
political situation. political situation.
!n ]une 1838, at his own expense set up weekly !n ]une 1838, at his own expense set up weekly 'Die Welt 'Die Welt' (The World), which ' (The World), which
discuss tactics in the political, social, educational and spiritual unification of the various discuss tactics in the political, social, educational and spiritual unification of the various
linguistic communities in Europe, Russia and America, to support what Hebrew grant linguistic communities in Europe, Russia and America, to support what Hebrew grant
settlements in Eretz !srael. settlements in Eretz !srael.
!n August 1838, is !n August 1838, is second Zionist Congress in Basel second Zionist Congress in Basel. Within this formation was . Within this formation was
'']ewish Colonial Trust ]ewish Colonial Trust' ' coordination role with the amounts donated to the purchase coordination role with the amounts donated to the purchase
of land, agricultural and industrial development, education, social assistance to those of land, agricultural and industrial development, education, social assistance to those
who are Return in Eretz !srael. who are Return in Eretz !srael.
Theodor Herzl launched the concept of " Theodor Herzl launched the concept of "the conquest of comunities the conquest of comunities"" in response in response
to hostile attitudes of some rabbis and Hebrew opinion leaders from Europe to New to hostile attitudes of some rabbis and Hebrew opinion leaders from Europe to New
Zionist organizations. Provide the focus of attention and funding necessary to support Zionist organizations. Provide the focus of attention and funding necessary to support
the harmonization of the structures of educational communities. the harmonization of the structures of educational communities.
|1] |1] Romanian ]ew

And mutual support in case of oppression by the "majority" population of state

oppression in any country (it had the immediate realities of the Russian Empire). This
mode of organization and management of funds at the global level is the present
"]oint" of the ]ews and at the same time, the symbiosis between political and social
Zionism. Within Congress, the socialist leaders have requested representation in the
organization's management.
!n October 1838, Herzl arrives in ]erusalem lead a Zionist delegation, where they
were members of the World Zionist Congress (including the David Wolffshon). visit first
ancestral lands. He is impressed by the vitality of the Hebrew people agricultural
settlements. He is accompanied by a group of riders who protects him. They are hardy,
healthy, work their land. Compare mental vitality and freedom with that of the Hebrew
state in subsistence poverty, fear of pogroms, of thousands of Hebrew in Europe and
Russia. Has a concrete vision that will mean for the hundreds of thousands of Hebrew
Return in Eretz !srael and the way: that in the concerted efforts of Diaspora ]ews to the
accumulation of funds, purchase of land in Palestine and the spiritual reinforcement
becoming free people in their own country. Emperor Wilhelm !! visiting the same area
lead an official delegation of the Cerman Empire in Turkey. Herzl's opportunity is to
present its agricultural Hebrew estates. And are visited ]affa Rishon Lezion, Ness Zion,
Rehovot and Nikve !srael Agricultural School.
!n Narch 1333 ']ewish Colonial Trust' is registered in London as the bank shares.
!n Nay 1833, Herzl made a new trip to !stanbul, where (through mediation of sister
Sultan teacher) has a meeting with Sultan on buying land in Palestine (then integrated
in the Ottoman Empire). Sultan asked him instead to cover the huge deficit of Turks
treasury. Preparations made later Hebrew European bankers to create a joint fund for

this purpose fail (although subsequent ]ews financial will implement separate funding
but without effect in terms of Herzl's idea). The Three Congress of the Basel takes
place in August 1833. Herzl makes a report on the steps and meetings with Cerman
officials (including King Wilhelm !! to ]erusalem and from Constantinople). Even if it
recognizes the efforts that had no practical effect, he insists the issue has increased in
prestige 'Zionist Organization. Congress limited the use of funds to Palestine and
Syria. Personnel and undemocratic way in which Herzl organization makes its decisions
creates animosities among members of Congress, such as Asher Cinzberg (Ahad Ha
Am).
1300 and 1301 is an effort that sterile Zionist leader makes them the governments
European and Ottoman and Russian empires. Congress in London (the our 1300)
Herzl take action against the expatriation of thousands of Hebrew in Romania but did
not mention the persecutions major Czarist Empire. He hopes that negotiations to allow
Russian officials will give positive results. Rabbi are limiting Organization which require
only the political issues (in order not to interfere with the field of spiritual and cultural
with Rabbis). The fifth Basel Congress (December 1301) confirms the ineffectiveness
of political contacts with the Ottoman Empire. rames are formed in Congressional
opposition to the way in which Theodor Herzl drive called 'Democratic faction'. The
group led by Leo Notzkin, Nartin Buber and Chaim Weizmann require a focus on the
achievement of a uniform culture and education among Hebrew communities. Also ask
for democratization of the movement as a warning to singlemember leadership of
Herzl. The only concrete achievement, impact in the coming years will be statutory
]ewish National und (']ewish National Fund - ]NF'), which had the objective of
accumulating funds to purchase land in Palestina.

Swan song of Herzl's visionary materializes in 1302 by publication in the October

1302 essay 'Altneuland' ('Our held). He describes a ]ewish State with a European
culture, with a developed social protection. To be a free country, with a complete
freedom of religion, separate from political power, the ]ews and non ]ews have equal
rights. ]ew State is not a country of national oppression but a place where the feeling of
brotherhood and equality will prevail. !mmediate reaction will go from the fact that Herzl
did not specify that the only language will be !vrid. Ahad Ha Am became a fierce and
constant critic of, 'cosmopolitan ideas' of the Herzl essay.
Year for 1302 1303 are years of exploratory Herzl the British officials, Ottoman and
Russian. Co to Russia to minimize the effects of anti ]ews laws. !t is received with great
warmth and hope of the ]ews in the area of Pale, with a grand reception in vilnius.
Caught between promises and false alternatives, on the one hand, and the increasingly
poor ]ews from Eastern Europe, the devastating pogroms subject and the lack of
prospect of escape from the vicious circle, Herzl accepted the proposal of the Secretary
British state for colonies, ]oseph Chamberlain (October 1303), to establish a Hebrew
State on the current territory of Uganda as an immediate emigration of hundreds of
thousands of Hebrew persecuted. The project is subject to the of Basel six Congress
(December 1303). The Comments are highly contradictory. rom the accusations of
betrayal of ideals in motion to the idea that a solution would be like a 'night shelter'
(Nax Nordau). Resolution making the study, 'Uganda Plan' is passed by 23S votes to
178 against (all Russian Zionist delegates) and 38 abstentions. The prestige of Herzl's
leadership will be seriously touched in the Congress. But its efforts on actions
impendence large saving ]ews from Eastern Europe recently are confirmed: Pogrom in
Chisinau on 6 7 April 1303. On April 6, a Russian child is found murdered in the town

Dubossary. Local Newspapers antiSemitic incitement to revenge against the ]ews on

the grounds that it would be a ritual murder the blood to produce matzot of Easter
that was after he was killed by a relative ... Between 73 April in Chisinau community is
devastated: 43 dead, S3 seriously wounded, S00 wounded, 700 houses destroyed.
!ntervention is no Czarist authorities, during the pogrom.) Hertzl in its route from the
Russian Empire in 1303, finds that all the promises are to form, manifest disdain
towards the ]ews is doubled along the order they are used as valve embezzlement
discontent of the majority population towards inefficient administration empire, hunger
and social misery of generalized Russian empire. Anti Czar Novements in Russia(1] will
finally grind Czarist empire to his fall in 1317.
1304 Sick and almost alone, Hertzl has a series of meetings:
the Pope and King of !taly in ]anuary, with the Zionist action - in
April (to settle conflicts in the Zionist Novement). He died in the
sanatorium Badlach (Austria) of pneumonia at 44 years. The news
came in all communities. Thousands Hebrews have taken the way
of vienna to be with their visionary leader in him last road. The Nortuary convey The Nortuary convey
endless drain on the boulevards of vienna, the Hebrew Cemetery Sephard Rite. The endless drain on the boulevards of vienna, the Hebrew Cemetery Sephard Rite. The
silent is crowd, when the body are fit in the grave, liven suddenly. Screaming with pain, silent is crowd, when the body are fit in the grave, liven suddenly. Screaming with pain,
]ews break their clothes on them, the cry of thousands of desperate people, while ]ews break their clothes on them, the cry of thousands of desperate people, while
creating an unforgettable moment, that they will remember the friends and its enemies creating an unforgettable moment, that they will remember the friends and its enemies
(as Stephen Tzveig writer and publicist ]ew Austrian proponent of assimilation of ]ews (as Stephen Tzveig writer and publicist ]ew Austrian proponent of assimilation of ]ews
as and constant opponent of Herzl, assisting in the funeral recognized events in ]ewish as and constant opponent of Herzl, assisting in the funeral recognized events in ]ewish
supreme evidence of the value of Herzl's symbol for millions of Hebrew Diaspora). supreme evidence of the value of Herzl's symbol for millions of Hebrew Diaspora).
|1] another pogrom, 1320 October 130S, also in Chisinau, will result in the diversion of such riots, in which 13 Hebrew killed will be
mistreated and S6 wounded

). Herzl was the first ]ew who, after 1800 years, it take action and declare before the world
that ]ews are a people with rights of any nation, and continues through to convince millions
Hebrew to follow him. A face in spite of evidence and contest of representatives Hebrew
(spiritual or financial), following the vision of the organization until the Zionist Novement its
materiality World Zionist Organization.

AUTHOR NOTES ON NONENTS OF Z!ON!SN (!!)

Theodor Herzl was one of the few people in history to have not only predicted the
future but he created it. !t was the first ]ew who, after 1800 years, it take action and
declare before the world that ]ews are a people with rights of any nation, and continues
through to convince millions Hebrew to follow him. A ]ew who is perfectly in the words
of Rabbi Zvi Yehuda Kook '.and the reality of our lives, all began with Herzl. Some
people called him a heretic. His writings do not reflect heresy, more than show that they
had faith. He wrote in his diary: 'Our people can not be a nation without faith. Who
thinks and says so is a man of faith '
Theodor Hertzl had visions of saving his people from oppression and humiliation,
after the immediate concrete situations (see the case Dreyfuss). He had the genius of
the possible solutions. But many of his notable not have given us the vision rally danger
that hover over their people, whether in Holocaust of the years '40 of the last century.
After the death of Theodor Herzl, Zionist way, for 41 years until the formation of Eretz
!srael, will be coordinated through confrontation and cooperation between the three
major ]ewish current: the political, cultural, the religious.
! recall the answer to the priest initiated the god Baal, the king Balak of Noabit, when
invited to curses Hebrew tribes of !srael, out soon from Egyptian slavery:
'Cause !t's a people by itself, without taking into account the other Nations'
(Numerii 23.3.)'.
NesarosAnghel vasile / April 20110427

REFERENCES
Shafran Alexander Brand snatched from the flames' - Hasefer Bucharest
```Auscwitz - Wikipedia
Trevor Ravenscroft The Spear of Destiny` Londra 1973
VIDEO REFERENCES:
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " NCEPUTUL LUPTEI EVREILOR CRESTINI PENTRU EVANGHELIA LUI IISUS
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v1erGTHdcsAc
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile "APOSTOLI AI SIONISMULUI - Clipe de Sionism (I)
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vvRF-FhCmHeA
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile "NCEPUTUL LUPTEI EVREILOR PENTRU REANTOARCERE - Clipe De Sionism (II)
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vV3zWCh2fThY
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " HARTA SAN REMO 1920 O ALIANT SEMITIC RATAT - Clipe de Sionism (III)
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vkUdHj4ENDew
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " ORGANIZATII EVREIESTI DE AUTO APRARE N PALESTINA (YISUV) - Clipe de Sionism (IV)
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v5EKMsrVk1cc
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile "BREVIAR DE FAPTE ISTORICE - EVREI CRESTINI SI MUSULMANI LA IERUSALIM
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vs59hfzID74
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " LEGILE SOCIALE ANTICE ALE LUI MOISE DIN 'DEUTERONOM'
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vjEsLBw6mi1c
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " DOI CAVALERI AI APOCALIPSEI SECOLULUI XX NICOLAE BLAN SI ALEXANDRU SAFRAN
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vZD0ZszzQ0iE
Mesaros - Anghel Vasile " ANGELO RONCALLI - PAPA IOAN AL XXIII CLIPE DE VIAT
Adresa link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vjEsLBw6mi1c
Mesaros Anghel Vasile Volumul I
LUPTA EVREILOR CRESTINI PENTRU EVANGHELIA LUI IISUS' / 2011
Adresa Video Text Audio Integral: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vrkIVOmE1A5g
Mesaros Anghel Vasile Volumul II
EVREI. CRESTINI SI MUSULMANI LA IERUSALIM` / 2011
Adresa Video Text Audio Integral: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vhTxIAZh0p0Y
Mesaros Anghel Vasile Volumul III
EVREI SI CRESTINI - FAPTE` / 2011
Adresa Video Text Audio Integral: http://www.youtube.com/watch?vO4QvaS1ALY
To my Mother: Thaci Raisa
Ghershovici
To my Wife: Anghel
Magdalena
ABOUT AUTHOR
PROFILE:
Name: Vasile Mesaros - Anghel
Proffesion: IT Trainer
Studies:
University of Bucarest - Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics (1971)
SystemAnalyst - Graduate - C.E.P.E.C.A. (1975)
Work Motivation:
Documentation of issues that concerned me in recent years.
AMV Dessign/2011
For Links to other works : In GOOGLE insert text : mesaros anghel on net
SeIectati site: http://www.scribd.com/doc/3673S8S4/vAS!LE
NESAROSANCHELL!NKurilaLUCRAR!PENETL!NKSOR
WORKSPOSTEDONTHENET
E-mail: vanghelthacimyahoo.com
Dumnezeu este Unul. Oamenii l-au fcut mai multi:
Unul Iudeu. Unul Crestin. Unul Musulman`.
,God is ONE; mankind made him many:
One Mosaic. one Christian. one Muslim`.