Types of Crystallizers

Sumedha Shah, Vishal Singh & Twinkle Biswas

17012007, 17012008 & 17012009
M.Tech. (Biochemical Engg.) II Sem
IIT(BHU)
Types of Crystallizers:

1. Forced circulation crystallizer

2. Oslo type crystallizer

3. Draft tube baffle crystallizer

1. Forced Circulation Crystallizers
 Automatic circulation takes place

 Components:

1. Feed inlet

2. Slurry outlet

3. Circulation loop

4. Heat exchanger

5. Recirculation loop

6. Liquid Vapor Separator Vessel

7. Demister
Fig 1. Forced circulation crystallizers

Source: https://www.praj.net/business-lines/wastewater-
treatment/crystallization/
1.1. Working
Feed inlet

Heating of Feed in Heat Exchanger

Vapor Formation

Removal of vapor in liquid solid separator

Supersaturation of vapor

Crystal formation or growth of existing crystals

 As Vapor forms

Increase in the density of liquid

Automatic Circulation occurs

 It can be single effect or multiple effect crystallizers

 Operated at low vacuum so that solvent is operated very fast

 Sometimes crystals are not heated up too much because the color texture of the crystal gets

disturbed
1.3. Applications
 Used for crystallizing-

1. Sodium Chloride

2. Potassium nitrate

3. Sodium sulphate

4. Potassium sulphate

5. Ammonium chloride

6. Sodium carbonate

7. Citric acid
2.Oslo type crystallizer
•Classified- suspension crystallizer.

•The basic design criteria are two fold:

De-super saturation of the mother liquor by contact with the largest crystals present in the crystallization chamber

Keeping most of the crystals in suspension without contact by a stirring device, thus enabling the production of large

crystals of narrow size distribution

 Fig 2: Oslo Type Crystalliser
Source: http://www.sinasazeh.ir/en/procurement/equipment-procurement/process-
equipment/crystallizer/oslo-crystallizer
2.1 Typical products are
•(NH4)2 SO4

•Na2SO4

•AgNO3

•Hydrated mono sodium glutamate

•Mono ammonium phosphate (MAP)

 3. Draft tube baffle crystallizer
Elaborated mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) design

Well suited for vacuum cooling and for processes exhibiting a moderate evaporation
rate

Units operate with a rather low super saturation

When large evaporation rates are required, an external heating loop must be provided
Fig 3. Draft Tube Crystallizer

Source- http://www.chemprosys.com/products/crystallizer/draft-
tube-baffle-type/
3.6 Best suited for products-
Boric acid

Na2SO4. 10H20 (glauber salt)

Melamine

Citric acid

NaClO3