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Ancient Africa
Africa Before 1800
CE
Sculpture of the Sub-Saharan Civilizations
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Africa Before 1800 CE > Ancient Africa
Ancient Africa
• Ancient Africa
• Art of Ancient Africa
• Rock Art in the Sahara
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Africa Before 1800 CE > Sculpture of the Sub-Saharan Civilizations
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Appendix
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Key terms
• anthropomorphic Having the form or attributes of a human.
• cache A store of things that may be required in the future, such as food, which can be retrieved rapidly, protected or hidden in
some way.
• deities Divine beings; gods or goddesses.
• façade The face of a building, especially the front.
• ferrous Iron-based.
• finial Any decorative fitting at the peak of a gable, or on the top of a flagpole, fence post or staircase newel post.
• load-bearing Architectural structural system in which the walls form the main source of support for the building.
• minaret A tower outside a mosque, from which a muezzin leads the Call to Prayer.
• Obelisk A tall, square, tapered, stone monolith topped with a pyramidal point, frequently used as a monument.
• parapet Part of a perimeter that extends above the roof.
• pastoralist A person whose primary occupation is the raising of livestock.
• pastoralist A person involved in the raising of livestock.
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Africa Before 1800 CE
• petroglyph An engraving or carving into a rock face, usually created with a hammerstone, chisel, or fine metal blade.
• pictograph A painting or drawing on a rock face, typically made with mineral earths and other natural compounds.
• pilaster A rectangular column that projects partially from the wall to which it is attached; it gives the appearance of a support,
but is only for decoration.
• qibla The direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays during the Call to Prayer.
• rock-cut architecture The creation of structures by excavating solid rock where it naturally occurs.
• terra cotta A hard red-brown unglazed earthenware, used for pottery and building construction.
• terra cotta A hard red-brown unglazed earthenware, used for pottery and building construction.
• votive Dedicated or given in fulfillment of a vow or pledge.
• zoomorphic Having the shape, form, or likeness of an animal.
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Benin plaque
Thebackground portrays the floral pattern that is characteristic ofplaques made at this time and is reflective of Portuguese influence.The image in the
plaque consists of an Oba (king) surrounded by hissubjects. Apart from military and political strength, the plaqueillustrates the relationship between the
Portuguese and the Benintraders. 16th century.
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Wikipedia. "800px-benin-bronzes.jpeg." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin_Bronzes.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Igbo_Mbari.jpg." Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6441276 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "555px-Igbo_brass_anklet.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Igbo_brass_anklet.jpg#/media/File:Igbo_brass_anklet.jpg View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-NewYam-IgboFestival-Dublin.jpg." CC BY-SA 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5090508 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "515px-African-civilizations-map-pre-colonial.svg.png." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2660560 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Statue_vili-Congo.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=19637074 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Minkisi nkondi
This figure assumes a more aggressive facial expression and body language.
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Wikimedia Commons. "250px-Nkisi_Nkondi,_Congo,_c._1880-1920_-_IMG_1628.jpeg." Public domain
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "WadiSuraHumans." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WadiSuraHumans.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "515px-African-civilizations-map-pre-colonial.svg.png." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2660560 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Ceremonial vessel
Bronze. Igbo-Ukwu. Ninth century.
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Bronze_ceremonial_vessel_in_form_of_a_snail_shell,_9th_century,_Igbo-Ukwu,_Nigeria.jpeg." CC BY-SA 3.0
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Minkisi
Thelight area on the figure’s abdomen is a glass “window” thatwould hold “medicine” used for correcting illicit or immoralbehavior.
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Wikimedia Commons. "332px-Brooklyn_Museum_87.218.117_Figure_Nkisi.jpg." CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22509721 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Yoruba head
Bronze. Ile-Ife. Twelfth century.
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "nin-kingdom-louvre-a97-4-1.jpeg." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Benin_kingdom_Louvre_A97-4-1.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "220px-edo-ivory-mask-18472.jpeg." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Edo_ivory_mask_18472.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "A man ride a horse,Nok terracotta figurine." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:A_man_ride_a_horse,Nok_terracotta_figurine.jpg View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Great Zimbabwe (Donjon)." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Zimbabwe_(Donjon).jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-382-21.1.-Aksum-Maria_Zion.jpeg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24624987 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Church_Our_Lady_Mary_Zion_Axum_Ethio.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1408578 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Entrance of BieteAmanuel
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Bet_Abba_Libanos_(5499043130).jpg." CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=22956378 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Alloes-valley-great-zimbabwe.jpg." CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8966650 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Order of Ikhamanga." License: Other http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Order_of_Ikhamanga.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Nok sculpture
Nok sculptures may have been used as grave markers, charms or portrayals of ancestors. Terra cotta. Sixth century BCE-sixth century CE. Nigeria
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Wikipedia. "Nok sculpture Louvre 70-1998-11-1." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Nok_sculpture_Louvre_70-1998-11-1.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Igbo ukwu bronzes." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Igbo_ukwu_bronzes.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Lyndenburg Head
The Lydenburg Headsare the earliest known examples of African sculpture in SouthernAfrica. Two of the heads are large enough to have been worn
asceremonial helmet masks. The other five smaller heads have a hole oneither side of the neck, by which they could have been attached to apole or
costume during a performance. One of the small heads has ananimal-like nose and mouth, which would have been a symbolicimportance to the makers
of the heads.
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Wikimedia Commons. "360px-Iziko_Lydenburg_Heads_2.jpeg." CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=33704580 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Female Power Figure (Nkisi Nkonde)." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Female_Power_Figure_(Nkisi_Nkonde).jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
A house in Djenné
Many houses in Djenné are built with Toucouleur–style façades.
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Wikipedia. "Djenne Fortier 407." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Djenne_Fortier_407.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Eastern Enclosure
View west from the Eastern Enclosure,Great Zimbabwe, showing the granite boulder (far right) that resembles theZimbabwe Birds. A copy of one of the
famous sculptures is shown below for comparison.
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Eastern-enclosure-great-zimbabwe.jpg." CC BY 2.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8966638 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Hill Complex
Ruins of a building from the Hill Complex, where the naturally occurring rock formations were built into part of the foundation.
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Wikimedia Commons. "Great_Zimbabwe_Ruins2.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3594362 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Zimbabwe Bird
Copy of Zimbabwe Bird soapstone sculpture.
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Wikimedia Commons. "262px-Zim-bird.jpg." CC BY 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3475104 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "372px-Bete_Giyorgis_03.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=28203064 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Biete Giyorgis, the Church of St. George, in Lalibela, Ethiopia (top view)
Biete Giyorgis is one of the finest examples of rock-cut architecture in Ethiopia.
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Wikipedia. "Bete Giyorgis Lalibela Ethiopia." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bete_Giyorgis_Lalibela_Ethiopia.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Axum northern stelea park." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Axum_northern_stelea_park.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Great Zimbabwe Closeup." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Zimbabwe_Closeup.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Saltcellar
Saltcellarby an Edo or Yoruba artist representing a Portuguese man, decoratedwith horses among geometric patterns. Sixteenth century.
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Wikimedia Commons. "480px-Lisboa-Museu_Nacional_de_Arte_Antiga-Saleiro-20140917.jpg." Public domain
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Africa Before 1800 CE
Sleeping antelope
Petroglyphdepicting a possibly sleeping antelope, located at Tin Taghirt on theTassili n’Ajjer in southern Algeria.
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Wikimedia Commons. "640px-Sleeping_Antelope_Tin_Taghirt.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=14842019 View on
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikimedia Commons. "478px-Rock_art_at_Balho.jpeg." CC BY-SA 4.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=35163887 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Hunters or pastoralists
Neolithiccave painting of either hunters or pastoralists during the NeolithicSubpluvial period. Tassil n'Ajjer (Plateau of the Chasms).
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Wikimedia Commons. "African_cave_paintings.jpg." Public domain https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6006212 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Livestock petroglyph
Petroglyph of bovineanimals and abstract people on horseback. Mauritania.
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Flickr. "Mauritania_Herders.jpg." CC BY-SA 2.0 https://www.flickr.com/photos/gbaku/469184511 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Ife Kings Head." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ife_Kings_Head.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Femalefigurine
Terracotta. 48 cm tall. Nok culture. c. 515-1215 CE.
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Wikimedia Commons. "Nok_terracotta_figurine.jpg." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3290149 View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Igbo Ukwu vessel." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Igbo_Ukwu_vessel.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Rome Stele." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rome_Stele.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Bowl by the Kongo peoples." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bowl_by_the_Kongo_peoples.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
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Wikipedia. "Great Mosque of Djenné 1." GNU FDL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Great_Mosque_of_Djenn%C3%A9_1.jpg View on Boundless.com
Africa Before 1800 CE
Attribution
• Wikipedia. "Pyramid." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid#Nigeria
• Wikipedia. "New Yam Festival of the Igbo." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yam_Festival_of_the_Igbo
• Wikipedia. "Mbari (Art)." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbari_(art)
• Wikipedia. "Ala (Odinani)." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ala_(odinani)
• Wikipedia. "Igbo people." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_people
• Wikipedia. "Igbo Art." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo_art
• Wikipedia. "Archaeology of Igbo-Ukwu." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeology_of_Igbo-Ukwu
• Wikipedia. "Igbo-Ukwu." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igbo-Ukwu
• Wiktionary. "Cache." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cache
• Afropedea. "Nsude Pyramids." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.afropedea.org/nsude-pyramids
• Wikipedia. "Saharan Rock Art." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saharan_rock_art
• Wikipedia. "Yoruba People." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoruba_people#Traditional_art_and_architecture
• Wikipedia. "Kingdom of Nri." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Nri#Art
• Wikipedia. "African Art." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_art
• Wiktionary. "Votive." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/votive
• Wikipedia. "Benin Empire." CC BY-SA 3.0 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benin_Empire
• Wikipedia. "Ife." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ife
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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Africa Before 1800 CE
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