CHEMICAL BIOLOGY

SEMESTER – III and VII

2017-18

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 CHEMICAL BIOLOGY SCHEDULE, 2017-18

8:30 am 9:30 am 10:30 am 11:30 am Recess 1:30 pm 2:30 pm 3:30 pm 4:30 pm

UG-CS-3
MONDAY
CWRS-G4

UG-CS-3
TUESDAY
MB-1-31

UG-ME-7 UG-CS-3
WEDNESDAY
CWRS-T2 MB-1-2

UG-ME-7 UG-ME-7
THURSDAY CWRS-T2 CWRS-T2

FRIDAY

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 Course Content
CHEMICAL BIOLOGY 3-0-0-3

Unit 1: Introduction – significance of biology in modern technology. (2 Lectures)

Unit 2: Biochemical evolution and cell - Molecular evolution of Life. Biochemical
evolution and the first cell. (4 Lectures)
Unit 3: Cell Structure and types. Different organelles and function. Cell division. DNA
replication and protein synthesis in cells. Cellular respiration. (8 Lectures)
Unit 4: Biomolecules and their importance – carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic
acids, vitamins and hormones (14 Lectures)
Unit 5: Applications of Biology in 21st century: Recombinant DNA Technology and
cloning. Concepts of Gene, Gene transfer and Gene therapy. Stem cell technology.
DNA fingerprinting: application in Forensic Science (crime investigation & parental
testing). Energy sources from biological system. Biomanufacturing – biosensors and
sophisticated surgical instruments. (14 Lectures)

Text Books:
Singh, B. D. Biotechnology, 1st Edition, 2005.
Bernum, S. R. Biotechnology: An Introduction, Wadsworth Pub. Co.
Lewin, B. Genes VII, 7th Ed. Oxford University Press. 3
What is chemical biology?

The application of synthetic chemical techniques

and tools to the study and manipulation of
biological systems

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Why does it matter?

Drugs:
• Modern Medicinal Chemistry (inhibitor design) is essentially chemical biology

Different Drugs
• Antibody Therapeutics
• Interference RNAs

Probes and Diagnostics

• Tumor cell labeling
• Enzymes and Metabolic tracking

21st century Medicine

• Proteomics and Glycobiology

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How engineer play important role?

Have you heard the name of BIOSENOR

?
Definition: A sensor that integrates a biological element with a
physiochemical transducer to produce an electronic signal
proportional to a single analyte which is then conveyed to a detector.

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The biosensor system

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Example of biosensors
Monitors the glucose level in the blood :for diabetes patients.

which uses the enzyme glucose oxidase to break blood glucose

1962 First description of a biosensor: an amperometric enzyme
electrodre for glucose (Clark)
1998 Blood glucose biosensor launch by LifeScan FastTake

down

Amperometric New Machine

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Example of biosensors
Infectous disease biosensor from RBS

Tuberculosis (TB) infection, a highly contagious disease spread through the air
when those who are infected cough, sneeze or spit.
8.8 million active cases of tuberculosis (TB) are diagnosed each year – 25,000
every day.
Whilst developing new and better medicines are vital to combating the TB
epidemic, effective diagnosis enables health workers to quickly identify the
correct course of treatment and so avoid wasting both time and valuable
resources

TB Breathalyser: 9
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

What is MRI?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a spectroscopic

imaging technique used in medical settings to produce
images of the inside of the human body.

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How Does it Work?
MRI is based on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance
(NMR), which is a spectroscopic technique used to obtain
microscopic chemical and physical data about molecules.

Magnetic nuclei are abundant in the human body (H, C, Na,P ,K) and spin
randomly

Since most of the body is H2O, the Hydrogen nucleus is especially prevalent
patient is placed in a static magnetic field
Magnetized protons (spinning H nuclei) in the patient align in this field like
compass needles

In 1977 the first MRI exam was performed on a human being. It took
5 hours to produce one image.

At present : 30 minutes - 2 hours

depending on the type of study being done 11
Other Applications:

1. Vaccines
2. Pacemaker for heart
3. Sorting of blood for preservation in Blood banks.
4. Development of surgical instruments
5. Brain imaging studies
6. Developing programs for genome study.

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