DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF

HYBRID(S) FOR RESISTANCE TO LATE BLIGHT

AND LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASES IN TOMATO
(SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.).

Submitted by:
HEALY ARORA
L-2017-A-161-M

Major Advisor:
DR S K JINDAL
Assistant Vegetable Breeder
(Deptt. of Vegetable Science)
ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Sr. No. Name Designation and Department
1. Dr Salesh Kumar Jindal Assistant Vegetable Breeder
(Major Advisor) (Deptt. of Vegetable Science)
2. Dr Sat Pal Sharma Assistant Vegetable Botanist
(Deptt. of Vegetable Science)
3. Dr G S Mavi Assistant Plant Breeder
(Deptt. of Plant Breeding and Genetics)

4. Dr Abhishek Sharma Assistant Virologist

(Deptt. of Vegetable Science)

5. Dr Rajinder Kumar Dhall Olericulturist

(Nominee of Dean PGS) (Deptt. of Vegetable Science)
INTRODUCTION
• Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., 2n=2x=24) is a solanaceous
vegetable.
• It contains 1100 UI vitamin A and 23 mg vitamin C per 100 gm of edible
portion. (Nath et al 2002).
• It is also a good source of organic acids, vitamins and minerals.
• In India, it is ranked as third most important vegetable (after potato
and onion) while second in the world (after potato)
• Jenkins (1948) suggested that Mexico is the root of old world cultivated
tomatoes and probably the only centre of domestication as there was
a widespread distribution of Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme in
Mexico.
• In 2015-16, production of tomato in world was 177 MT (12% of total
vegetable production) from an area of 4.78 million hectare
(Anonymous 2016).
• In spite of such a huge production, there is much deterioration of fruit
quality, shelf life and nutritional quality.
• Much crop losses are being faced in the whole state due to infection
and infestation of viruses, fungi, bacteria and nematodes.
• In tropics and subtropics, tomatoes are affected with many diseases,
which include late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans and tomato
leaf curl virus disease, a viral disease. They cause huge losses and
deterioration to fruit quality, quantity as well as yield.
• Thus, the development of hybrids resistant to various diseases and
phytopathogens offers a great scope in the total enhancement of fruit
and nutritional quality and yield with reduction in overall yield losses
and production cost.
KNOWLEDGE GAP
• Hybrid(s) resistant to late blight and leaf curl virus haven't been developed yet.
• No literature is available with respect to combining ability of genotypes for late blight
and leaf curl virus resistance.

OBJECTIVES
• To identify the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of
crosses.
• To ensure the extent of heterosis present in crosses.
• To identify best cross combination(s) for resistance to late blight and leaf curl virus
vis-a-vis with desirable horticultural traits.

EXPECTED NEW KNOWLEDGE

• Information on new hybrid combination possession desirable yield and quality
attributes along with resistance to late blight and leaf curl virus resistance will be
available.
• Combining ability effects between late blight and leaf curl virus lines will be known.
TECHNICAL PROGRAMME:

• NAME OF THE EXPERIMENT: Development and evaluation of hybrid(s)

for resistance to late blight and leaf curl diseases in tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum L.).
• LOCATION: Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Vegetable
Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab.
• TREATMENTS: The experimental material comprised of 10 leaf curl virus
resistant lines and 4 late blight resistant testers along with 40 F1
hybrids and one check susceptible Punjab Chhuhara.
METHODOLOGY

• Ten lines displaying high grade of resistance/tolerance to leaf curl

virus disease will be made to cross with 4 testers resistant to late blight
disease during February-March 2018 to develop 40 F1 hybrids in line ×
tester mating design.
• All the 55 entries (40 F1, 10 lines, 4 testers and 1 susceptible check
Punjab Chhuhara) will be evaluated in a Randomized Block Design
(RBD) with 3 replications in the July 2018.
• The recommended cultivation practices of Punjab Agricultural
University will be practised to raise the crop.
CROSSING PROGRAMME : LINE X TESTER
LINES TESTERS
• LBR - 10
• CLN-140-48-1-0
• LBR - 12
• CLN-3241-H-27
• LBR - 21-1
• CLN-37-8-1
• Punjab Chhuhara
• PVB-1
• CLN-138-6-7-0
• CLN-76-9-13-0
• CLN-154-22-5-0
• CLN-138-6-2-0
• CLN-32-24-8-1
• PVB-4
SCREENING FOR TOMATO LEAF CURL VIRUS (TOLCV)
A. Screening for leaf curl virus resistance under natural conditions:
The natural screening will be done when insect vector i.e. whitefly pressure
becomes very high. To ensure even dissemination of virus inoculums, susceptible
line of var. Punjab Chhuhara will be sown after every ten rows of testing
material. The data will be noted at fortnightly time intervals by using severity
scale from 0-7(0, 1, 3, 5, 7).
B. Screening for tomato leaf curl virus resistance under artificial inoculation
conditions:
For confirmation of TLCV resistance after field screening, putative resistant lines
are to be subjected to artificial screening. Total 5 potted plants of each
progeny will be made to attacked by viruliferous whiteflies. The symptoms will
have to be noted at 15 days interval upto 90 days after the inoculation and
scoring will then be done as per scorer, which was suggested by Muniyappa et
al (2000).
• Disease Incidence to be calculated using following formula:
Disease Incidence (%) = PA × 100 / PT
Where,
PA: number of symptomatic plants observed,
PT: total number of plants in that row.
• Disease severity to be calculated using following formula:
Disease Severity =∑ [(P × Q) / (M × N)] × 100
Where,
P = severity score,
Q = number of infected plants having same score,
M = total number of plants observed,
N = number of maximum rating scale.
SCREENING FOR LATE BLIGHT
Field Screening for Late Blight
• All 55 genotypes will be screened naturally under open field conditions for late blight
and data will be noted using 0-5 rating scale.
Artificial screening for Late Blight
• Young but detached leaves of all 55 genotypes (40 F1, 10 lines, 4 testers and 1
susceptible check Punjab Chhuhara) will be completely washed with tap-water, air-
dried and placed in plastic trays lined with moist blotting paper, with the adaxial
surface facing upwards.
• The leaves will be sprinkled with sporangial suspension of 4.5×104 sporangia/ml
concentration using an atomizer (Gill et al 1999).
• The inoculated trays will be capped with polythene bag and water will be sprayed
inside the bag to ensure high RH and they will be incubated in a growth room at a
temperature of 18+-20C.
• Further, they will be subjected to fluorescent light for 12h. Light brown water-soaked
lesions will start appearing after three days and a profuse but whitish growth of
sporangia and sporangiophores will be noticed after five days of incubation and
insanity of the disease will be noted using 0-5 rating scale.
OBSERVATIONS
Data on 5 random competitive plants per treatment per replication will be taken down for the
following characters:
• Average fruit weight (g) • Dry matter content(%)
• Number of locules per fruit • Titratable acidity (mg/100ml)
• Pericarp thickness (mm) • Lycopene content (mg/100g)
• P/E ratio (Polar/Equatorial diameter) • Ascorbic acid (mg/100ml)
• Total fruit yield (kg/plant) • Screening for late blight
• Total soluble solids (%) • Screening for leaf curl virus

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:
• The collected agro-morphological data will be exposed to statistical analysis using SAS
software (SAS version 9.2, USA).
THANK YOU