NORMAL MENSTRUAL

CYCLE
Prof Hamonangan Hutapea
Departement Of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Medical School
University of Sumatera Utara
Medan
 NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE

 THE WOMEN’S SIGN OF MATURITY.

 MENSTRUATION EXIST AS A RESPONS OF ENDOMETRIUM

TO THE OVARIAN STEROIDS CONTROLLED BY THE
HYPOTHALAMUS AND HYPOPHYSEAL GLAND.
> THE MATURITY OF A WOMAN IS DEMONSTRATED BY THE
MATUR INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM AND ENDOCRINE GLANDS AND THEN TO VARIOUS
ORGANS THROUGHOUT THE BODY : HYPOTHALAMUS /
HYPOPHYSIS : =
SUPRARENAL GLANDS
- THYROID,
- OVARIUM  TARGETS ORGANS THROUGH
OUT THE BODY :
* UTERUS / ENDOMETRIUM
* SKIN
* BLOOD AND VASCULAK SYSTEM
* NERVOUS SYSTEM
* MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
* ETC
ENDOCRINE REGULATION SYSTEM

NEURAL CONTROLL CHEMICAL CONTROL

HYPOTHALAMUS

HYPOFISIS

OVARIUM
 GONADOTROPHINE EFFECT IN FOLLICLE MATURATION
 GONADOTROPHINE INFLUENCES TO THE STEROID
SYNTHESIS IN THE PROCESS OF FOLLICLE MATURATION.
 DEFINITION OF MENSTRUATION

• PERIODIC AND CYCLIC UTERINE BLEEDINGS

• THE RESULT OF HORMONAL STIMULATIONS

• THE SIGN OF WOMEN’S BIOLOGIC MATURITY.

 THE IS A STRONG CORRILATION BETWEEN THE MENSTRUAL

CYCLES AND THE OVARIAN CYCLES.
 THE NORMAL CYCLE LASTS : 21 - 35 DAYS, BLEEDINGS
PERIOD 3 - 7 DAYS, AND THE BLOOD VOLUME : 35 - 80 ml.
THE TWO PHASES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE :
 PROLIFERATIVE/FOLLICLE PHASE AND THE
SECRETORY/LUTEAL PHASE..DURING THE PROLIFERATIVE
PHASE THE ENDOMETRIUM IS STIMULATED BY ESTRADIOL
SECRETED FROM THE OVARIES, AND DURING THE FOLICULAR
PHASE THE ENDOMETRIUM WAS STIMULATED BY ESTRADIOL,
BUT MAINLY PROGESTERONE SECRETED BY THE CORPUS
LUTEUM.

 NORMAL CYCLE
Hypermerrhea Hypomenorrhea Spotting

Menorrhagia Premenstrual Bld Polymenorrhea

 Oligomenorrhea

Menometrorrgagia Amenorrhea