PHYSICAL DESIGN

OF THE OPERATING ROOM SUITE

SAMSUL MAARIF
Learning Objectives
After studying this chapter, the learner be
able to :
Identify specific area within the OR
Discuss how environmental layout
contribute to aseptic technique
Discribe the ideal operating room
 Definition

The area in which

surgical operations
are performed and
materials are prepared
and stored for surgery
Estimating the number of the
surgical suite required

 Operative load or the number of surgical

cases to be done per day.
 The types of surgery to be done.
 The number or frequency of emergency cases
LOCATION OF THE OR SUITE
 Accessible to the critical care area
and the supporting service
departement
 It should be separate from general
traffic
 Provision for emergency exit
 OR suite Areas

 Unrestricted Area
 Semi restricted Area
 Restricted Area
Other Area Classification
 Interchange area
 Semi restricted area
 Restricted area
 Disposal area
Interchange Area
This area consists of the rooms designed for
personnel to change from street clothes into OR
attire, and the patients admission into the OR

Pre operative Holding Area

Dressing Room

The interchange areas should be

located near the entry door.
Semirestricted Area

Traffic is limited to OR attired personel,

body and head covering are required

 Sterile supply storage area

 Scrub area
 corridors to the operating rooms
 Lounges
 Conferences Room, etc
Restricted Area
The rooms in which sterile
procedures are done and
sterile goods are opened

Mask are required to

suplement OR attire
Disposal area

The area, where all utilized materials

and linen are gathered, packaged,
and sent to appropriate areas
Operating Room
Operating Room
The size of OR should be large enough to allow
for correct technique, yet small enough to
minimize the movement of patient and personel
(Approximately 36 – 60 m²)
Floor : The surfaces of all floors must not
be porous and not conductive, the most
common flooring today is vinyl
Doors : Ideally sliding doors should be used in OR,
this helps to eliminate air turbulence caused by
swinging doors and allows all surfaces to be
washed.
Walls & ceiling : Should be hard, non-porous,
fire resistant, water proof, stain proof,
seamless, non reflective and easy to clean.
The ceiling should be a minimum of 10 feet and
may have acoustic soundproof
 The OR Ventilation

 The OR ventilation system must ensure a

controlled supply of filtered air, Filtration through
High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter
 Possitive air pressure of 10% in each OR than that
in corridor, this forces air from the room, the inlet
is at the ceiling and outlet at floor level
 The humidity should be maintained between 40-
60%
 The room temperatur is maintained within the
range of 20 to 24ºC
Lighting

 General illumination is furnished by ceiling

light, lighting shoud be evenly distributed
throughout the room
 To minimize eye fatique, the ratio of
intensity of general room lighting to that at
surgical site should not exceed 1 : 5
(27.000 to 127.000 lux)
The Overhead Operating Light

 Make an intense light within a range of 27.000 to

127.000 lux
 Provide a diameter light pattern and focus
appropriate for the size of incission
 Be shadowless
 Produce the blue white color of daylight
 Be freely adjustable to any position
 Produce a minimum of heat
 Be easily cleaned
 Electrical System
 Electrical networks need to be connected to the
emergency generator with automatic changeover
 Electrical load calculation should be based on
equipment to be used
 Multiple outlet from different electrical line source
should be available
 Wall outlet to be installed 1,5m above ground
 Power line of 220 volt
 Use of circuit breakers / interrupters, it is
desirable if there is an overload or ground fault.
 All electrical equipment in the OR need proper
grounding
Piped Gases in the OR

 Pipeline supply system should be able to cut off

from mainline if the problem occurs anywhere
 Two outlets for O2, two outlet for suction (from
different mainline), and one for N2O are a
minimum in each OT
 Pipeline supply system should be able to cut off
from mainline if the problem occurs anywhere
along the delivery hosing / tubing.
Scavenging

Plan the type of system (active / passive)

and location of scavenging outlets
beforehand
Pendant
Two ceiling pendants for pipeline services
should be designed; one for surgical team
and one for anaesthetist
 ICE BREAKING

Raja Hutan - The Lion

King - menjadi tuan
rumah konferensi para
binatang.
Semua binatang
tentunya hadir.

Tapi, siapa yang tidak

hadir ? ? ?