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Working at Heights
Hazard Awareness – Spot the Hazards
1. Operatives not wearing safety helmets
Working at Heights
2. No edge protection to roof nothing to stop materials falling off
7. Manual handling
8. Unprotected skylight
11. Loose tools in bag liable to fall out onto persons below
Ground Excavations
Hazard Awareness – Spot the Hazards
1. No ladder or safe access
Lifting Operations
Hazard Awareness – Spot the Hazards
1. No safety clip on crane hook Lifting Operations
2. Shackle between crane hook and sling ring
3. Knot in right-hand sling
4. Angle between legs of sling too wide
5. Insecure slinging method, chain
too near end of load. Is load secure?
6. Spare sling legs not hooked back
7. Load off level
8. What is SWL of sling?
9. Signaller not wearing safety helmet
10. Correct hand signals not being used
11. Adjacent excavation not guarded
12. Outrigger of crane too near to edge of
trench on unstable ground
13. Tag rope not being used
14. Driver cannot see signaler
15. Nails in timber sticking up
16. Spoil heap causing possible trip hazard
17. Spoil heap sited too close to edge of excavation
CATEGORIES OF HAZARDS
Does anyone know the 6
general categories of hazards?
Physical (noise, vibration, temperature)
Chemical /Substances (exposure to cyanide, acids, caustic soda,
lead)
Ergonomic ( work area layout, equipment design, instrument
layout)
Radiation (ultraviolet exposure from the sun or welding, infra-
red from drying or heating processes)
Biological (viruses, bacteria, parasites)
Psychological (work load, shift arrangement, workplace
violence)
ASSESSING THE RISK
“Does anyone remember the
definition of risk?”
RISK relates to exposure to a danger and is
defined as “the probability of any injury or
loss occurring from the hazard”
What would be an example in
each category?
Some Consequences of high risk examples
would be:
Loss of life
Permanent disability
Loss of body part
Extensive loss of structure, equipment or
material
“What would be an example in
each category?” cont..
Some Consequences of medium risk
examples would be:
Serious injury or illness that results in a
temporary disability
Property damage that is disruptive but less
severe than a high risk hazard
“What would be an example in
each category?” cont..
Causing death to one or more people. Loss or damage is such that it could cause serious
5 Major business disruption (e.g. major fire, explosion or structural damage). Loss/ damage in
excess of a financial value
Causing permanent disability. (e.g. loss of limb, sight or hearing). Loss/ damage in excess of
4 Sever
a financial value.
3 Significant Causing temporary disability. (e.g. fractures). Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value.
Causing significant injuries. (e.g. sprain, bruises, and lacerations). Loss/ damage in excess of
2 Minor
a financial value e.g. damage to fixtures and fittings.
Causing minor injuries. (e.g. cuts, scratches). No lost time likely other than for first aid
1 Slight treatment. Loss/ damage in excess of a financial value e.g. superficial damage to interior
decorations.
Determine the Likelihood or probability of event occurring
Likelihood Categories
Serious failures in management controls. The effect of human behavior or other factors
4 Probable could cause an accident but is unlikely without this additional factor (e.g. ladder not
secured properly, oil spilled on floor, poor trained personnel).
The situation is generally well managed, however occasional lapses could occur. This
2 likely also applies to situations where people are required to behave safely in order to protect
themselves but are well trained.
Loss, accident or illness could only occur under exceptional conditions. The situation is
1 Improbable well managed and all reasonable precautions have been taken. Ideally, this should be
the normal state of the workplace.
How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis
for a critical job
Evaluate the Risk- Likelihood X Severity
Certain 5 10 15 20 25
Probable 4 8 12 16 20
Possible 3 6 9 12 15
Improbable 2 4 6 8 10
Negligible 1 2 3 4 5
LIKELIHOOD
Significant
Severe
Slight
Minor
Major
SEVERITY
How do I develop a Task Hazard analysis
for a critical job
Risk Management – by setting control
measures.
Re evaluate the risk after control measures.
ANY QUESTIONS
THANKS