Light Detection and

Ranging(LIDAR)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:

KIRTI SONI Sandhya sharma
SCVU111025480 h.o.d (ece)
BRANCH-m.Tech(DWCE)
SEM -X
CONTENTS
 Introduction
 General description
 Basic Principle
 Lidar types
 Technologies used
 Working
 Components
 Applications
 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION
What is LIDAR ?
 Remote sensing technology
 Uses much shorter wavelength of EM
spectrum
 Measures properties of scattered light
 Measures time delay between transmitted
and reflected signals
 Highly sensitive to aerosols and cloud
particles
 General Description
LIDAR vs RADAR

LIDAR uses much shorter wavelength of

UV, visible and near IR range
LIDAR is highly sensitive to non-metallic
objects
LIDAR has very narrow beam which
produces high resolution
BASIC PRINCIPLE
 Similar principle to RADAR –
pulses of light emitted into
the atmosphere and scattered
back by clouds, aerosols or air
molecules
 Light collected by a telescope
 Spectrometers or
interference filters isolate
wavelength concerned
 Photon-counting or analogue
detection
 Time-of-flight gives scattering
height z=2ct
 LIDAR TYPES
 based on backscattering :-
 Rayleigh LIDAR
 Mie LIDAR
 Raman LIDAR

Other types:-
 Coherent LIDAR(phase sensitive)
 Incoherent LIDAR(amplitude
measurement)
TECHNOLOGIES USED
Integration Of three technologies to
produce Digital Elevation Models(DEM)
They are:-
 Lasers
 Global Positioning System(GPS)
 Inertial Navigation System(INS)
 WORKING
 Laser produces optical pulse
 Pulse is transmitted , reflected and returned to the
receiver
 Receivers accurately measures the travel time
 X,Y,Z ground coordinates can be calculated using :-
 Laser range
 Laser scan angle
 Laser Position from GPS
 Laser orientation from INS
Contd…..
Photo detector and receiver electronic
 Solid state photo detectors
 Silicon avalanche photodiodes

Position and navigation systems

 Global Positioning System receiver
 Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU)
 APPLICATIONS
LIDAR-equipped mobile robot
 Used for constructing map and avoid
obstacle
 Contd….

ARCHAEOLOGY
 Creates high resolution Digital Elevation Models
 Aiding in planning of field campaigns and forest canopy
 Provides an overview of broad continuous
indistinguishable feature

GEOLOGY
 Aircraft based LIDAR
 Detect fault and measure uplift
 Monitors glaciers
 Contd….

Meteorology and Atmospheric Environment

Used for studies of atmospherics
conditions , structures , clouds and
aerosols.
Used for measurement of atm. gas
Used for measuring the concentration of
atm. gases
Measures wind speed
 Contd….

PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY

 Measure the distance to reflectors placed
on the moon
 Used in Mars-Orbiting Satellite to produce
precise global topographic survey of Mars
 Used to detect snow in Mars atmosphere
 Used to measure molecular density
 Contd….

MILITARY AND LAW ENFORCEMENT

Used in traffic speed enforcement for
vehicle speed measurement
Uses the principle of time of flight to
calculate speed
Able to find the vehicle speed from cluster
traffic situation
Higher resolution system collect detail to
identify targets (tanks)
 OTHER APPLICATIONS

FLOOD RISK MAPPING

Quickest and most accurate method to
measure DEM
Easy flood prediction and plan mitigation
and remediation strategies
 CONCLUSION
 It has allowed data to be collected that was
difficult or impossible to obtain prior to its
introduction.
 Data collection and its processing is
relatively fast
 LIDAR saves clients money
 LIDAR offers flexibility
 LIDAR is unobtrusive and environmentally
friendly
 REFERENCES
www.wikipedia.org
www.lidar.com
www.ambercore.com
www.gisdevelopment.net
www.lidarmap.org
www.velodyne.com/lidar/
THANK YOU