Leadership Prophet Muhammad S.A.

W in Family

‫َّللا‬
‫ان يَ ْر ُجو َه‬ َ ‫َّللا أ ُ ْس َوة ٌ َح‬
َ ‫سنَةٌ ِل َم ْن َك‬ ُ ‫ان لَ ُك ْم ِفي َر‬
ِ ‫سو ِل ه‬ َ ‫لَقَ ْد َك‬
‫َو ْاليَ ْو َم ْاْل ِخ َر َوذَ َك َر َه‬
ً ِ‫َّللا َكث‬
‫يرا‬

There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of

Allah an excellent pattern for anyone whose hope is
in Allah and the Last Day and [who] remembers Allah
often. ( Surah al-Ahzab Verse 21)
Abdullah bin Umar reported : The messenger of Allah, peace
be upon Him, said, ‘ Everyone of you is a shepherd and is
responsible for his flock. The leader of the people is guardian
and is responsible for his subjects : a man is the guardian of
his family and is responsible for his subjects, a woman is the
guardian of her husband’s home and of his children and is
responsible for them, and the slave of a man is a guardian of
his master’s property and is responsible for it. Surely,
everyone of you is shepherd and responsible for his flock.’
 His relationships with his wives
Our Prophet's family life was shaped around Islamic principles & he
implemented in his own life the principles he preached to his ummah.
The following advice of the Prophet for ensuring peace and happiness
in the family both in this world and in the hereafter gives us the
fundamentals of peace and happiness :

"The best among you are those who behave best toward their
wives. I am the best among you toward his wives. The best among
you is the one who is the kindest to his wife and the worst among
you is the one who treats his wife badly."
Examples to the Prophet's careful observation of the rights of his wives
are plenty.
Example, he would draw lots among his wives before he would go on
an expedition and each time he would take one of them with him by
turns.
Again, he would allow a day and a night for each of them.
As a matter of fact, he signified the importance of this matter, examples
of which he practiced in his own life as a model for all the Muslims.
 His Relationships with Children
He did not make any difference between his own children and his
stepchildren.
He treated them with the same love and compassion and drew their
attention to whatever was necessary for their education.
Once he saw Umar, the son of Ummu Salamah from her prior marriage to
Abu Salamah, eat from all sides of the dish and said to him: "O boy!
Mention the Name of Allah and eat with your right hand, and eat of the
dish what is nearer to you“.
When in Madinah, Prophet Muhammad used to go to the house of her
daughter Fatimah and his son-in-law Ali every morning to wake them up,
which is only a small portion of his affection and care for them even after
they became adults and got married.
 His Relationship with Relatives
The respect others had for him was the fruit of his good
relationships with the tribe of Quraysh to which he belonged
and in which he lived.
He also had a close, loving relationship with his aunts and
uncles.
It tells how Khadija calmed him down when he went to her
scared and worried. She told him: "Never! By Allah, Allah will
never disgrace you. You unite your relatives and you bear the
burden of the weak (of our society). You help the poor and the
needy, you are honorable to all guests and you bear harm in
the path of truthfulness.“
He gave the following advice to someone who asked to tell him of a good
deed that could take him to Heaven:
"Worship Allah without joining him none in your worship, pray, give
zakat (obligatory charity tax) and maintain good relations and ties with
your kin."

To sum up, the Prophet was very sensitive about relationships

with one's immediate family and relatives. After a phase of
education and illumination of his own family and relatives, he
continued to treat them with love and respect.
 Leadership in
community

Set up principle Modelled himself

based on the and encouraged
Quran to create all Muslims to
an order in social emulate
life
The principles
 Materialization Examples
Treat all muslims
of a muslim
equally regardless
brotherhood
or whether they
between ansar
are advantaged or
and muhajirin
disadvantaged,
rich or poor

Spreading
salam

Creation of generally harmonized and peaceful society

• Spreading salam

A man asked The Prophet Muhammad SAW : “What is the best thing in
Islam?” The Prophet Muhammad SAW said, “To feed (the poor) and greet
(Salaam) those whom you know & those whom you do not know.” –Bukhari,
Nasa’i

• Treat all muslims equally

Oh you who have attained to faith! Be ever stead fast in your devotion to
God, bearing witness to the truth in all equity; and never let go hatred of
anyone lead you into the sin of deviating from justice : this is closest to being
God conscious. And remain conscious of God : verily God is aware of all that
you do. –Surah AL-Maidah verse 8
Leadership Qualities of Prophet
Muhammad pbuh in State or as
Ruler of Islamic State of Makkah
• “There has certainly been for you in the Messenger of Allah an excellent
pattern for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the Last Day and [who]
remembers Allah often.” [Quran, 33: 21]
Michael H. Hart author of the book “The 100”, French Philosopher
Lamartine, George Bernard Shaw, Thomas Carlyle and many other
great intellectuals agree that Muhammad (pbuh) was one of the
greatest leaders who ever lived and pay him great tributes.
Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Internal Affairs Perspective

1. Mutual Consultation and Unity

"And those who answer the Call of their Lord, and to worship none but Him alone, and perform
their prayers, and who conduct their affairs by mutual consultation, and who spend of what we
have bestowed on them." Quran 42:38

The Holy Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) himself practiced this value and in almost all important matters
consulted with his colleagues and companions. The most outstanding example of the Prophet's Shura occurred
on the eve of the Battle of Uhud (3AH). While he was of the opinion that the city should be defended from
within, the majority wanted to go out and fight. The Prophet accepted this; he did not impose his own opinion.
Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Internal Affairs Perspective

2. Consultative Approach of Leadership

During Battle of the Trench (Ghazwat al-Khandaq).

This battle is referred to in Chapter 33 of the Qur’an, which is named “Al-Aḥzāb (The
Confederates
Lesson Learnt from Battle of Trench
• The Digging of the Trench
The leadership inside the Islamic state was on the alert and the intelligence personnel managed to reconnoitre the area of the enemies, and reported
their movement to the people in authority in Madinah. The Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) as the ruler of the Muslims summoned an
advisory committee and conducted a careful discussion of a plan to defend Madinah. After a lengthy talk between military leaders and people who
possessed sound advice, they agreed on the proposal of one of the honourable Sahabah, Salman Al-Farsi (ra), to dig trenches as defensive lines.
The Muslims, with the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) at their head - to encourage, help and remind them of the reward in the Hereafter -
actively and diligently started to build a trench around Madinah. Severe hunger, bordering on starvation, could not dissuade or discourage them from
achieving their desperately sought objective. Salman Al-Farsi (ra) said; “O Messenger of Allah! When siege was laid to us in Persia, we used to dig
trenches to defend ourselves.” It was a plan both unprecedented and wise. The Messenger of Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) hurriedly gave orders
to implement the plan. Forty yards was allocated to each group of ten to dig. Sahl bin Sa‘d (ra) said, “We were in the company of the Messenger of
Allah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), the men used to dig and we [would] evacuate the earth on our backs.”

• Baca sini --- http://islamicsystem.blogspot.my/2006/08/lessons-from-battle-of-ahzab.html

Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Internal Affairs Perspective

3. Ethics in domestic and internal affairs

The Prophet PBUH also used his ethics in his domestic and internal affairs.

 One incident was when one of his wives Aisha RAA was giving some physical descriptions about a
lady, the Prophet PBUH reminded her that it does not befit our values, ethics and judgement to talk
disparagingly about other people
 Leadership Qualities of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh)
Internal Affairs Perspective

4. Strategy in Delegation

• The Prophet PBUH was very strategic in the exercise of his leaderships. He
used strategy in delegation, in selecting and giving tasks to the most
appropriate person suitable for that task. He chose Amr Ibn Aas RAA to be a
commander of an army having only been Muslim for four to six months. The
prophet PBUH saw his skills and courage in the Battle of Uhud alongside Khalid
Ibn Waleed and he knew his value and worth.
 Foresight
• The Messenger (PBUH) of Allah had an unparalleled foresight and could take
decisions that at first looked unfeasible, but proved to be fruitful in the future.
• For example, in The Truce of Al-Hudaibiyya lead to opening of mekah after 22 month.
• surah al-fath verses 1 refer to victory of treaty al-hudaibiyya

ً ‫ِإنها فَتَ ْحنَا لَ َك فَتْحا ً ُم ِبينا‬

Indeed, We have granted you a manifest triumph.
 • “The Truce of Al-Hudaibiyya”
• The Muslims shall not carry out their pilgrimage this year but shall wait till next
year. And no man shall come from Quraish without the approval of his master
seeking shelter with the Muslims but he shall be returned to Quraish. And that no
man from the Muslims shall come to Quraish seeking protection but he shall be
permitted to stay with Quraish. They also agreed to abstain from fighting for ten
years and that whosoever wished to enter into Muhammad’s pact and treaty
could do so, and whosoever wished to enter into Quraish’s pact and treaty could
do so. Muhammad (PBUH) agreed to this truce which was named “The Truce of
Al-Hudaibiyya”

Initially, muslim were not happy with this treat as it look as one-sided one. But later,
muslim realizes that there is large repercussion that will benefit muslim.
• The other example, incident at Taif

When Prophet Muhammad saw was stoned until he was

bleeding profusely, he did not take up Jibril’s offer in asking
the angels to crumble up the people in Taif.

Even in this situation,Prophet can still think the

future, thinking that perhaps the generations to
come will be believer.

By the mercy of Allah, He granted many believers

who were offsprings of many enemies of islam
Care about people
• First Hijrah of muslim to abyssinia

Our prophet recommended his companions who were without

protection to seek refuge in the kingdom of king, Al –
Najashi.(Kristian) at Habsyi.
This is due to persecution by the Quraish grew fierces everyday
and suffering of the Prophet’s disciples became unbearable.

In this new place,muslim can practise islam freely

without any persecution by the Quraish.
Justice
• The prophet made no distinction between believers and
nonbelievers, friends and foes, rich and poor.
 A woman of the Makhzoom family with good
connections was found guilty of theft.

For the prestige of the Quraysh, some prominent people

including Usaamah Ibn Zayd, may Allah be pleased with
him, interceded to save her from punishment

The Prophet refused to condone the crime and expressed

displeasure saying

Many a community ruined itself in the past as they only

punished the poor and ignored the offences of the
exalted.
" By Allah, if Muhammad's (My) daughter Faatimah would have
committed theft, her hand would have been severed." [Al-Bukhari]